Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission
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September 17, 2002 Public Hearing
Toronto Radio Market
Table of Contents
I. Population Of Toronto CMA *
A. Projected Population Growth *
B. Leading Non-Official Language Groups In Toronto *
C. Immigration Trends *
D. Population By Age *
E. Other Population Data *
II. Key Economic Indicators For Toronto CMA *
A. Real GDP Growth Rate *
B. Retail Sales *
C. Other Key Indicators *
III. The Toronto Radio Market *
A. Map Of The Toronto CTRL Radio Market *
B. Existing Over-The-Air Stations *
C. Ethnic Radio Stations *
D. Formats *
E. Ethnic SCMO Services *
F. Groups Served By Toronto Ethnic Radio *
G. Historical Advertising Revenues *
H. AM/FM/Ethnic Comparison *
Appendix A: Financial Summary - Toronto Radio Market *
Appendix B: Financial Summary - Toronto Ethnic Radio *
I. Population Of Toronto CMA
A. Projected Population Growth
Total Population
Toronto CMA
(000's)
Note: The first line is the level. The second line is the percentage change from the previous period.
|
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
|
4,950 |
5,014 |
5,087 |
5,166 |
5,249 |
|
1.6 |
1.3 |
1.5 |
1.6 |
1.6 |
Source: The Conference Board of Canada, Forecast Completed: March 5, 2002.
The population of the Toronto CMA is expected to grow at a rate of about 1.5% annually for the next four years. This rate is greater than the comparable forecasts for Ontario (1.0%) and Canada (0.8%).
B. Leading Non-Official Language Groups In Toronto
Toronto CMA Population By Mother Tongue
|
Total Population |
4,232,905 |
100% |
|
|
Single responses |
4,135,915 |
98% |
|
|
English |
2,562,680 |
61% |
|
|
French |
52,360 |
1% |
|
|
Non-official languages |
1,520,875 |
36% |
100% |
|
Chinese |
286,460 |
7% |
19% |
|
Italian |
202,440 |
5% |
13% |
|
Portuguese |
107,795 |
3% |
7% |
|
Polish |
79,620 |
2% |
5% |
|
Spanish |
72,795 |
2% |
5% |
|
Punjabi |
64,630 |
2% |
4% |
|
Tagalog (Pilipino) |
58,255 |
1% |
4% |
|
Greek |
49,230 |
1% |
3% |
|
German |
47,495 |
1% |
3% |
|
Arabic |
35,485 |
1% |
2% |
|
Vietnamese |
32,290 |
1% |
2% |
|
Ukrainian |
25,145 |
1% |
2% |
|
Dutch |
13,780 |
0.3% |
1% |
|
Cree |
90 |
0.0% |
0.0% |
|
Inuktitut (Eskimo) |
10 |
0.0% |
0.0% |
|
Other non-official languages |
445,355 |
10% |
29% |
|
Multiple responses |
96,990 |
2.3% |
|
|
English and French |
6,545 |
0.2% |
|
|
English and non-official language |
86,490 |
2.0% |
|
|
French and non-official language |
2,770 |
0.1% |
|
|
English, French and non-official language |
1,180 |
0.0% |
Source: Statistics Canada, 1996 Census Nation Tables.
Toronto by Top Ten Source Countries
Principal Applicants and Dependants
| 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | |||||||
| Country | # | % | Rank | # | % | Rank | # | % | Rank |
|
China, People's Republic of |
8,757 |
11.5 |
1 |
13,696 |
16.2 |
1 |
18,305 |
16.9 |
1 |
|
India |
7,484 |
9.8 |
2 |
9,126 |
10.8 |
2 |
15,600 |
14.4 |
2 |
|
Pakistan |
5,885 |
7.7 |
3 |
6,512 |
7.7 |
3 |
10,478 |
9.7 |
3 |
|
Sri Lanka |
2,626 |
3.4 |
8 |
3,590 |
4.3 |
4 |
4,142 |
3.8 |
4 |
|
Philippines |
3,087 |
4.0 |
6 |
3,287 |
3.9 |
5 |
3,909 |
3.6 |
5 |
|
Korea, Republic of |
1,699 |
2.2 |
10 |
2,998 |
3.6 |
7 |
3,457 |
3.2 |
6 |
|
Iran |
3,715 |
4.9 |
4 |
3,133 |
3.7 |
6 |
2,983 |
2.8 |
7 |
|
United Arab Emirates |
1,324 |
1.7 |
14 |
1,221 |
1.5 |
16 |
2,214 |
2.1 |
8 |
|
Russia |
2,690 |
3.5 |
7 |
2,263 |
2.7 |
8 |
2,126 |
2.0 |
9 |
|
Jamaica |
1,868 |
2.5 |
9 |
1,984 |
2.4 |
9 |
2,025 |
1.9 |
10 |
|
United States of America |
1,550 |
2.0 |
11 |
1,855 |
2.2 |
10 |
1,944 |
1.8 |
12 |
|
Hong Kong |
3,328 |
4. |
5 |
1,649 |
2.0 |
12 |
1,269 |
1.2 |
19 |
|
Total for Top Ten only |
41,139 |
53.9 |
48,444 |
57.37 |
65,239 |
60.4 |
|||
|
Total Other Countries |
35,225 |
46.1 |
36,001 |
42.63 |
42,795 |
39.6 |
|||
|
Total |
76,364 |
100 |
84,445 |
100 |
108,034 |
100 |
|||
Source: Citizenship And Immigration Canada.
Toronto CMA & Ontario
Immigration Characteristics
|
Toronto |
Ontario |
|
|
Non-immigrant population |
2,407,470 |
7,844,370 |
|
Immigrant Population |
1,772,905 |
2,724,490 |
|
Non-permanent residents |
52,535 |
73,930 |
|
Total - All persons |
4,232,905 |
10,642,790 |
Source: 1996 Census, Statistics Canada.
Immigrant Population By Place Of Birth
|
Toronto CMA |
|
|
Total - Place of birth |
1,772,905 |
|
United States |
36,355 |
|
Central and South America |
122,320 |
|
Caribbean and Bermuda |
155,730 |
|
Europe |
719,000 |
|
United Kingdom |
158,070 |
|
Other Northern and Western Europe |
81,845 |
|
Eastern Europe |
158,000 |
|
Southern Europe |
321,085 |
|
Africa |
85,475 |
|
Asia |
647,165 |
|
West Central Asia and the Middle East |
75,165 |
|
Eastern Asia |
238,090 |
|
South East Asia |
152,635 |
|
Southern Asia |
181,275 |
|
Oceania and Other |
6,860 |
Source: Statistics Canada, 1996 Census Nation Tables.
Migrants 5 Years And Over By Components Of Migration
Toronto CMA
|
Number |
|
|
Total in-migrants |
514,825 |
|
Intraprovincial migrants |
112,315 |
|
Interprovincial migrants |
64,970 |
|
External migrants |
337,540 |
|
Total out-migrants |
264,695 |
|
Intraprovincial migrants |
183,370 |
|
Interprovincial migrants |
81,325 |
Source: Statistics Canada, 1996 Census
D. Population By Age
Population By Age Group
|
Age Group |
Toronto CMA |
|
0-4 |
300,437 |
|
5-9 |
329,020 |
|
10-14 |
320,799 |
|
15-19 |
306,828 |
|
20-24 |
312,212 |
|
25-29 |
356,321 |
|
30-34 |
424,085 |
|
35-39 |
459,118 |
|
40-44 |
434,476 |
|
45-49 |
373,637 |
|
50-54 |
327,575 |
|
55-59 |
261,339 |
|
60-64 |
197,487 |
|
65-69 |
167,830 |
|
70+ |
395,787 |
|
Total |
4,966,951 |
Source: Canadian Demographics, 2002.
E. Other Population Data
Aboriginal & Visible Minority Populations
|
|
Toronto CMA |
Ontario |
|
Aboriginal Population |
16,095 |
141,520 |
|
Visible minority population |
1,338,095 |
1,682,045 |
|
Chinese population |
335,185 |
391,090 |
|
South Asian population |
329,840 |
390,055 |
|
Black population |
274,935 |
356,215 |
|
Filipino population |
99,110 |
117,365 |
|
Arab and West Asian population |
72,160 |
118,655 |
|
Latin American population |
61,650 |
85,745 |
|
Southeast Asian population |
46,510 |
75,905 |
|
Visible minorities, not included elsewhere |
45,655 |
52,170 |
|
Korean population |
28,555 |
35,400 |
|
Japanese population |
17,055 |
24,275 |
|
Persons belonging to more than one of the above visible minority groups |
27,435 |
35,160 |
Source: Statistics Canada, 1996 Census.
In 1996, visible minorities accounted for about 32% of the population of the Toronto CMA.
Toronto CMA
By Aboriginal Group
1996 Census
|
North American Indian |
13,155 |
|
Métis |
2,870 |
|
Inuit |
300 |
|
Total |
16,095 |
Note: There are different ways to define the Aboriginal population. Data presented in this table are for those who identified with one or more Aboriginal groups (North American Indian, Métis, or Inuit). Also included are those who did not identify with an aboriginal group but who reported that they were Registered/Treaty Indians or Band/First Nation members.
Source: Statistics Canada, 1996 Census.
Population By Ethnic Origin
|
Toronto CMA |
|
|
Total population |
4,232,905 |
|
Single origins |
2,947,375 |
|
British Isles origins |
457,990 |
|
French origins |
34,950 |
|
European origins |
997,180 |
|
Western European origins |
90,670 |
|
Northern European origins |
13,040 |
|
Eastern European origins |
189,415 |
|
Southern European origins |
606,190 |
|
Other European origins |
97,865 |
|
Arab origins |
39,600 |
|
West Asian origins |
45,540 |
|
South Asian origins |
291,520 |
|
East and Southeast Asian origins |
488,350 |
|
African origins |
67,255 |
|
Pacific Islands origins |
330 |
|
Latin, Central and South American origins |
36,700 |
|
Caribbean origins |
167,295 |
|
Aboriginal origins |
5,555 |
|
Canadian origins |
311,965 |
|
Other origins |
3,135 |
|
Multiple origins |
1,285,530 |
|
British Isles only |
226,050 |
|
British Isles and French |
67,905 |
|
British Isles and Canadian |
173,610 |
|
British Isles and other |
272,770 |
|
British Isles, Canadian and other |
76,425 |
|
French only |
340 |
|
French and Canadian |
12,760 |
|
French and other |
28,725 |
|
French, Canadian and other |
8,665 |
|
Canadian and other |
87,185 |
|
British Isles, French and Canadian |
26,850 |
|
British Isles, French and other |
43,590 |
|
British Isles, French, Canadian and other |
13,300 |
|
Other multiple origins |
247,350 |
Source: Statistics Canada, 1996 Census Nation Tables.
Population By Home Language
|
Toronto CMA |
|
|
Total population |
4,232,905 |
|
Single responses |
4,073,005 |
|
English |
3,077,405 |
|
French |
19,615 |
|
Non-official languages |
975,985 |
|
Chinese |
243,845 |
|
Italian |
96,010 |
|
Punjabi |
51,285 |
|
Spanish |
50,435 |
|
Portuguese |
68,420 |
|
Polish |
52,525 |
|
German |
7,200 |
|
Vietnamese |
29,910 |
|
Arabic |
22,815 |
|
Tagalog (Pilipino) |
33,670 |
|
Greek |
27,435 |
|
Tamil |
46,005 |
|
Cree |
10 |
|
Persian (Farsi) |
21,565 |
|
Korean |
19,055 |
|
Ukrainian |
11,580 |
|
Urdu |
17,360 |
|
Gujarati |
15,805 |
|
Hungarian |
8,665 |
|
Hindi |
7,620 |
|
Somali |
11,930 |
|
Other non-official languages |
132,840 |
|
Multiple responses |
159,900 |
|
English and French |
6,080 |
|
English and non-official language |
151,545 |
|
French and non-official language |
850 |
|
English, French and non-official language |
1,425 |
Source: Statistics Canada, 1996 Census Nation Tables.
Population Of Toronto CMA By Religion
|
Catholic |
1,380,900 |
36% |
|
Protestant |
1,347,035 |
35% |
|
No religious affiliation |
562,265 |
15% |
|
Eastern Non-Christian |
292,505 |
8% |
|
Jewish |
151,115 |
4% |
|
Eastern Orthodox |
123,725 |
3% |
|
Para-religious Groups |
3,855 |
- |
|
Others |
1,710 |
- |
|
Total population |
3,863,110 |
100% |
Source: Statistics Canada, 1991 Census.
Population By Knowledge Of Official Language
Toronto CMA
|
Total |
English Only |
French Only |
Both English |
Neither English |
|
4,232,905 |
3,698,530 |
3,510 |
339,485 |
191,375 |
|
100% |
87% |
0.1% |
8% |
5% |
Source: Statistics Canada, 1996 Census Nation Tables.
II. Key Economic Indicators For Toronto CMA
A. Real GDP Growth Rate
GDP At Basic Prices
Toronto CMA
(Millions 1997 $'s)
Note: The first line is the level. The second line is the percentage change from the previous period.
|
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
|
178,986 |
187,496 |
194,399 |
201,396 |
208,463 |
|
1.9 |
4.8 |
3.7 |
3.6 |
3.5 |
Source: The Conference Board of Canada, Forecast Completed: March 5, 2002.
B. Retail Sales
Retail Sales
Toronto CMA
($ Millions)
Note: The first line is the level. The second line is the percentage change from the previous period.
|
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
|
44,997 |
47,741 |
49,890 |
52,836 |
56,057 |
|
3.7% |
6.1% |
4.5% |
5.9% |
6.1% |
Source: The Conference Board of Canada, Forecast Completed: March 5, 2002.
C. Other Key Indicators
Projected Economic Indicators
Toronto CMA
Note: For each indicator, the first line is the level. The second line is the percentage change from the previous period.
|
|
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
|
Consumer Price Index |
1.200 |
1.230 |
1.259 |
1.288 |
1.317 |
|
(1992=1.0) |
1.6 |
2.5 |
2.4 |
2.3 |
2.2 |
|
Personal Income |
159364 |
168392 |
176576 |
185798 |
195681 |
|
(Mil. $) |
2.6 |
5.7 |
4.9 |
5.2 |
5.3 |
|
Personal Income |
32194 |
33584 |
34710 |
35961 |
37281 |
|
Per Capita ($) |
1.0 |
4.3 |
3.4 |
3.6 |
3.7 |
|
Personal Disposable Income |
123463 |
130607 |
137422 |
144903 |
152827 |
|
(MIL. $) |
3.9 |
5.8 |
5.2 |
5.4 |
5.5 |
|
Personal Disposable Income |
24942 |
26048 |
27013 |
28046 |
29116 |
|
Per Capita ($) |
2.2 |
4.4 |
3.7 |
3.8 |
3.8 |
|
Labour Force |
2791 |
2851 |
2901 |
2962 |
3025 |
|
('000) |
1.6 |
2.1 |
1.8 |
2.1 |
2.1 |
|
Employment |
2602 |
2697 |
2766 |
2835 |
2898 |
|
('000) |
1.2 |
3.6 |
2.6 |
2.5 |
2.3 |
|
Unemployment Rate |
6.8 |
5.4 |
4.7 |
4.3 |
4.2 |
|
Housing Starts |
40.31 |
39.00 |
39.70 |
38.64 |
38.40 |
|
('000) |
|
|
|
|
|
Source: The Conference Board of Canada, Forecast Completed: March 5, 2002.
III. The Toronto Radio Market
A. Map Of The Toronto CTRL Radio Market
Toronto CTRL Radio Market
Source: BBM.
B. Existing Over-The-Air Stations
A total of 33 over-the-air radio stations, 12 AM and 21 FM, are licensed to serve residents of the Toronto area. Three of these stations were licensed in June 2000. The 33 Toronto radio stations can be categorized as follows:
- four stations, two English (both FM) and two French (one AM and one FM), owned and operated by the CBC;
- 18 commercial radio stations, seven AM and eleven FM, offering a variety of programming formats. Given that Orangeville is now part of the Toronto CMA, CIDC-FM is included as a Toronto station;
- six ethnic commercial radio stations, four AM and two FM, discussed in more detail below;
- three campus-based community FM stations, affiliated with the University of Toronto (CIUT-FM), York University (CHRY-FM) and Ryerson Polytechnical Institute (CKLN-FM); and
- a "special" FM station, CJRT-FM, offering jazz programming.
- Aboriginal Voices Radio, although licensed, is not yet on the air (Decision CRTC 2000-204).
C. Ethnic Radio Stations
Toronto's ethnic population is served by six radio stations licensed under the Commission's ethnic broadcasting policy. Such stations are required to broadcast to a variety of ethnic groups and in a variety of languages. Collectively, the six ethnic radio stations in the GTA broadcast programming in approximately 50 languages, providing over 700 hours of third language programming each week.
The following commitments for each ethnic station were included in the most recent renewal decisions, issued in January 2001.
- CJMR (AM) is required to direct its programming to a minimum of 11 cultural groups in a minimum of 15 different languages.
- CHKT (AM) is required to direct its programming to a minimum of 14 cultural groups in a minimum of 15 different languages. Additionally, no more than 66 hours per week of ethnic programming may be directed to the Chinese community.
- CHIN (AM) is required to direct its programming to a minimum of 23 cultural groups in a minimum of 17 different languages.
- CHIN-FM is required to direct its programming to a minimum of 23 cultural groups in a minimum of 20 different languages.
- CIRV-FM is required to direct its programming to a minimum of 9 cultural groups in a minimum of 9 different languages.
- CIAO (AM) is required to direct its programming to a minimum of 12 cultural groups in a minimum of 13 different languages.
D. Formats
A table showing total listening hours, reach and average hours of tuning for the Toronto CTRL market from Fall 1997 to Fall 2001 is attached as Appendix A.
E. Ethnic SCMO Services
In addition to licensed over-the-air AM and FM stations, Toronto's ethnic audiences are served by ethnic audio programming services broadcast on the SCMO channels of several Toronto FM stations. A FM station has the technical capacity to broadcast two SCMO channels, in addition to its main programming service. A special receiver with an internal SCMO decoder is required to listen to audio programming broadcast using an SCMO channel.
The Commission has authorized the use of 15 SCMO channels for the broadcast of ethnic programming by 13 different Toronto FM stations. These 15 SCMO services provide over 200 hours per week of third language programming. Programming in 12 languages is provided, as detailed in the table below.
Toronto Ethnic Services
Using SCMO Channels
|
Language Of Ethnic Programming |
FM Stations Authorized To Provide Ethnic Programming Using Their SCMO Channel(s) |
|
Chinese |
CKFM-FM |
|
German |
CIDC-FM |
|
Greek |
CKLN-FM CKFM-FM |
|
Italian (religious programming) |
CHIN-FM |
|
Korean |
CIUT-FM |
|
Persian |
CFMX-FM |
|
Portuguese |
CBL-FM |
|
Punjabi & Hindi |
CIUT-FM |
|
Serbian |
CKLN-FM |
|
Spanish |
CBLA-FM |
|
Tamil |
CHIN-FM CFMX-FM CJRT-FM (2) |
Source: As Published In Public Notice CRTC 2001-10 & Updated.
F. Groups Served By Toronto Ethnic Radio
Groups Served By Toronto Ethnic Radio Stations
Hours Per Week
|
Language |
CHIN-AM |
CHIN-FM |
CHKT-AM |
CIAO-AM |
CIRV-FM |
CJMR-AM |
Total |
|
Afghani |
10 |
1.5 |
11.5 |
||||
|
Albanian |
1 |
1 |
|||||
|
Arabic |
0.5 |
0.5 |
1 |
||||
|
Bengali |
1 |
0.5 |
1.5 |
||||
|
Bosnian |
0.5 |
0.5 |
|||||
|
Brasilian |
0.95 |
0.95 |
|||||
|
Bulgarian |
1 |
1 |
|||||
|
Cambodian |
2 |
2 |
|||||
|
Caribbean |
2 |
24 |
0.5 |
8.5 |
35 |
||
|
Chinese - Cantonese |
17.5 |
25.5 |
56 |
21.4 |
120.4 |
||
|
Chinese - Mandarin |
2.5 |
0.5 |
10 |
7 |
20 |
||
|
Croatian |
1.5 |
5 |
1.5 |
1 |
2.5 |
11.5 |
|
|
Czech |
5 |
5 |
|||||
|
Dutch |
1.5 |
1.5 |
|||||
|
English |
7 |
8 |
3 |
0.5 |
18.5 |
||
|
German |
2.5 |
20 |
22.5 |
||||
|
Greek |
12.5 |
5 |
5 |
3 |
25.5 |
||
|
Hindi |
13 |
5 |
1.5 |
4.5 |
24 |
||
|
Hungarian |
2 |
2 |
|||||
|
Indonesian |
1 |
1 |
|||||
|
Irish - Gaelic |
1 |
1 |
|||||
|
Islamic |
1 |
1 |
|||||
|
Italian |
61.5 |
24.5 |
7.5 |
26 |
119.5 |
||
|
Korean |
10 |
10 |
20 |
||||
|
Laotian |
1 |
1 |
|||||
|
Lithuanian |
0.5 |
0.5 |
|||||
|
Macedonian |
2.5 |
0.5 |
1 |
0.5 |
4.5 |
||
|
Malaysian |
2 |
2 |
|||||
|
Montenegri |
0.5 |
0.5 |
|||||
|
Oromo |
0.5 |
0.5 |
|||||
|
Pashto/Dari |
1 |
4 |
5 |
||||
|
Philipino- |
1 |
1 |
|||||
|
Persian |
7 |
7 |
|||||
|
Polish |
15 |
13 |
0.95 |
25 |
53.95 |
||
|
Portuguese |
12 |
32 |
63.25 |
5.5 |
112.75 |
||
|
Punjabi |
7.5 |
6 |
34 |
7.15 |
31.5 |
86.15 |
|
|
Romanian |
0.5 |
1 |
1.5 |
||||
|
Russian |
2.5 |
2.45 |
4.95 |
||||
|
Serbian |
1 |
1 |
2 |
||||
|
Serbo- |
0.5 |
1 |
1.5 |
||||
|
Serbo/ |
1 |
1 |
|||||
|
Slovenian |
1 |
1 |
|||||
|
Somali |
2 |
2 |
|||||
|
Spanish |
2.5 |
4 |
11.75 |
10 |
28.25 |
||
|
Swiss |
0.5 |
0.5 |
|||||
|
Tamil |
1 |
42 |
43 |
||||
|
Thai |
2 |
2 |
|||||
|
Turkish |
1.5 |
1.5 |
|||||
|
Ukrainian |
2.5 |
7.6 |
4.5 |
14.6 |
|||
|
Urdu |
2.5 |
1 |
1.5 |
1.5 |
6.5 |
||
|
Vietnamese |
2 |
2 |
|||||
|
TOTAL |
126 |
126 |
168 |
165 |
126 |
124 |
835 |
Source: Broadcasting Policy Monitoring Report 2001.
G. Historical Advertising Revenues
English-Language Stations
Toronto English-language radio stations generated $176.9 million in advertising revenue in 2001. A Page-12 financial summary for the Toronto radio market, as a whole, is attached as Appendix A.
Ethnic Stations
Toronto ethnic radio advertising revenues increased from $11.6 million in 1997 to $14.3 million in 2001. This represents an increase of 23% over the period. An aggregate Page-12 financial summary for the six Toronto ethnic radio stations is attached as Appendix B.
H. AM/FM/Ethnic Comparison
Toronto AM/FM/Ethnic Comparison
All Stations
| AM |
FM |
Ethnic |
|
|
2001 |
54,065 |
137,090 |
14,286 |
|
2000 |
52,671 |
123,949 |
14,035 |
|
1999 |
47,726 |
115,713 |
13,218 |
|
1998 |
45,219 |
106,504 |
11,738 |
|
1997 |
42,640 |
97,704 |
11,574 |
|
2001 |
-4.3% |
31.9% |
10.0% |
|
2000 |
1.5% |
32.8% |
11.6% |
|
1999 |
-6.3% |
30.5% |
8.8% |
|
1998 |
-18.5% |
30.3% |
-0.7% |
|
1997 |
-20.8% |
28.4% |
-0.4% |
* Profit Before Interest and Taxes.
Source: CRTC Financial Database
Trends in AM/FM Audience Share in Toronto
(%)
|
1997 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
2001 |
|
|
AM |
30 |
23 |
24 |
24 |
27 |
|
FM |
66 |
73 |
71 |
71 |
69 |
|
Others |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
|
All Stations |
100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
Source: BBM Unsuppressed Survey Data
Toronto's 6 ethnic radio stations account for 2.8% of total 12+ tuning in the Toronto market (BBM Fall 2001).
Appendix A: Financial Summary - Toronto Radio Market
Appendix B: Financial Summary - Toronto Ethnic Radio
Date Modified: 2002-07-11
