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CRTC Communications Monitoring Report
2011
Appendix 1 - Data collection and analysis
Data collection
Statistics Canada and the CRTC collect data jointly under the authority of the Statistics Act, the Broadcasting Act, and the Telecommunications Act. Statistics Canada uses the data to develop national accounts, and the CRTC uses it to monitor the industries’ performance and adherence to regulations.
Broadcasting
Data collected are used to measure the financial performance of broadcasters and their contribution to the Canadian economy. The data collection process targets all broadcasting service providers licensed by the CRTC to operate private, public, and non-commercial radio, television, and broadcasting distribution services, as well as pay, pay-per-view, video-on-demand, and specialty services. Broadcasting licensees file annual returns outlining financial and statistical information for each broadcast year. The key results of the data collection process are used to produce annual financial and statistical summaries of revenues and expenditures, such as expenditures on Canadian and international programming. These summaries are published on the CRTC’s website at http://www.crtc.gc.ca/eng/stats.htm.
The broadcasting regulations require broadcasting service providers to complete an annual survey. Except for a small number of small radio service providers, broadcasting service providers access and submit the survey forms electronically using the CRTC’s secure web based DCS. In mid-October each year, the survey is mailed to the small radio service providers that do not have access to the DCS. The survey covers the 12-month period ending 31 August that year. All broadcasting service providers have until 30 November to complete and submit their respective annual survey forms.
As part of the annual return process, commercial radio broadcasters must report on their contributions to CCD. BDUs must submit information regarding their Contributions to the Creation and Production of Canadian Programming. This information enables the CRTC to ensure that radio licensees are complying with their conditions of licence or regulatory requirements relating to CCD contributions and that broadcast distribution licensees are fulfilling their obligations regarding the creation and production of Canadian programming, including contributing to the CMF, LPIF, independent funds, and local expression.
Telecommunications
As part of its monitoring activities, the CRTC uses the data collection process to maintain and update its data on (i) TSP registration lists, (ii) the contribution regime, (iii) telecommunications fees, and (iv) the telecommunications service industry.9
TSPs are classified into one of two groups: Group 1 TSPs and Group 2 TSPs. Group 1 TSPs generally (i) have significant telecommunications revenues, (ii) file tariffs, or (iii) have international licences. Group 2 TSPs generally have lower revenues than Group 1 TSPs.
Each TSP is required to complete and submit annually to the CRTC a registration form, which the CRTC uses to update certain basic information about that TSP and to determine which additional forms, if any, are to be issued to the TSP. Group 1 TSPs must access and submit the registration form electronically using the CRTC’s secure web based DCS. The CRTC contacts these TSPs by email at the start of the data collection process each year and provides them with (i) the due dates for submitting the registration form and any additional data forms, and (ii) the information needed to access the DCS. Group 2 TSPs, on the other hand, are mailed a registration form for completion. Submission of this form generally marks the end of the data collection process for the Group 2 TSPs.
Group 1 TSPs are required to submit a range of company specific information, including financial data (e.g. an income statement, a balance sheet, and capital expenditure information), along with detailed telecommunications information focused on products and geographic markets. Geographic markets are defined on a national, provincial/territorial, regional, local exchange, or city basis. The data submitted are as of 31 December each year.
Data analysis
Broadcasting
The CRTC performs a compliance analysis using the financial data from the annual returns submitted by all broadcasting service providers. The objectives of this analysis are as follows:
- to ensure that the summary of financial data for operations connected to the licensee, included in the annual return, corresponds to the data presented in the financial statements required of broadcasting licensees in accordance with Circular No. 404;
- to reconcile broadcasting licensees’ actual expenditures on Canadian programming with the expenditures required by the licensees’ conditions of licence;
- to reconcile broadcasting licensees’ actual contributions to CCD with the contributions required by the licensees’ conditions of licence; and
- to then proceed with a percentage or ratio analysis of the trends in the major categories of revenue and expenditures listed in the annual forms over a five-year period, particularly with reference to the previous year.
The CRTC then publishes financial and statistical summaries for the four major broadcasting categories (i.e. commercial radio; conventional television; broadcasting distribution; and pay, pay-per-view, video-on-demand, and specialty services). The data from the annual returns are also used to prepare this report.
Revisions may be made to the financial and statistical summaries, and to this report, after they are published. These revisions are generally the result of late receipt of data, modifications made by broadcasting licensees to previously filed data, or errors detected following data publication. The revisions do not generally have a major impact on the results of the data collection process.
Telecommunications
The CRTC analyzes TSPs’ returns to ensure that the coverage of TSPs is as anticipated and that the TSPs have provided a complete response. The CRTC then follows up with TSPs as required to resolve or obtain explanations of any anomalies. The CRTC subjects the data to computerized edits designed to ensure accuracy and internal consistency. For large enterprises, the CRTC compares reported data to audited financial information and investigates any major discrepancies. The CRTC then makes a year-over-year comparison to identify any radical or unexplained changes and follows up with TSPs if necessary. Finally, the CRTC determines the data’s validity by performing a time series analysis or by comparing the data or their derivatives (such as average revenues per line or minute) with other established benchmarks.
Certain figures published in the monitoring report from previous years may be restated for consistency. Other figures may change as a result of some companies resubmitting previous years’ data. In addition, certain data may be reclassified to better reflect market segments or industry developments. These changes are identified by a number sign (#).
Most of the tables and figures included in this report are derived from the data submitted via the DCS, while others are derived using data from Statistics Canada and Industry Canada. Inconsistencies in data may arise between data sources given that the companies surveyed, the definitions used, and the level of detail requested may differ for each source. The data source is therefore identified beneath each table and figure in the report.
Appendix 2 - Classification of Canadian TSPs
For regulatory purposes, TSPs operating in Canada are classified into two broad categories, incumbent TSPs and alternative TSPs, as described below. The category into which a given TSP falls may change from one year to the next as a result of consolidation in the industry. The classification of affiliated entities of TSPs, providing telecommunications services, is based on their affiliate relationship with the TSP. For example, if a wireless TSP is affiliated with a TSP, the wireless TSP takes the same classification as the TSP to which it is affiliated. Affiliates of non-TSPs are classified according to the structure set out below.
1. Incumbent TSPs are the companies that provided telecommunications services on a monopoly basis prior to the introduction of competition. For the purpose of this report, these companies’ operations outside their traditional operating territories are included in the alternative TSPs category. Incumbent TSPs are subdivided into large and small TSPs.
a. Large incumbent TSPs serve relatively large areas, usually including both rural and urban populations, and provide wireline voice, Internet, data and private line, wireless, and other services. The large incumbent TSPs are Bell Aliant, Bell Canada, MTS Allstream, Northwestel, SaskTel. Télébec, and TCC.
b. Small incumbent TSPs serve relatively small geographical areas (mostly municipal areas generally located in less densely populated areas) in Ontario, Quebec, and, in one instance, British Columbia. Due to the limited size of their serving areas, these companies do not typically provide facilities based long distance services. However, they provide a range of wireline voice, Internet, data and private line, and wireless services. Examples of small incumbent TSPs are NorthernTel and TBayTel.
2. Alternative TSPs are either i) TSPs that are not incumbent TSPs as described in 1) above or ii) incumbent TSPs conducting out of territory operations, such as Bell Canada conducting operations in Alberta and British Columbia. Alternative TSPs are subdivided into facilities-based and non-facilities-based TSPs.
a. Facilities based alternative TSPs own and operate a telecommunications network. This group is further subdivided into facilities-based incumbent TSPs (out-of-territory) and facilities-based non-incumbent TSPs.
Facilities based non incumbent TSPs are further subdivided into cable BDUs, utility telcos, and other carriers.
- Cable BDUs are the former cable monopolies that also provide telecommunications services (e.g. wireline voice, Internet, data and private line, and wireless services). These TSPs include such companies as Bragg, Cogeco, Rogers, Shaw, and Videotron.
- Utility telcos are TSPs whose market entry into telecommunications services or whose corporate group’s market entry was preceded by a group member company’s operations in the electricity, gas, or other utility business.
- Other carriers own physical transmission facilities (e.g. intercity, intra city, or local transmission facilities). These TSPs include such companies as Xplornet.
b. Non-facilities based alternative TSPs do not own or operate a telecommunications network. These companies are referred to as resellers, since they generally acquire telecommunications services from other TSPs and either resell those services or create their own network from which to provide services to their customers. Examples of non-facilities-based TSPs are Distributel, Primus, YAK, and independent ISPs.
Appendix 3 - Status of local forbearance - Residential and business exchanges (as of 30 June 2010)
| Major centre | Number of local exchanges | Number of forborne exchanges | Number of forborne exchanges as a percentage of total exchanges in the major centre | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residential | Business | Residential | Business | ||
| British Columbia | |||||
| Vancouver | 19 | 17 | 13 | 90% | 68% |
| Victoria | 4 | 3 | 3 | 75% | 75% |
| Remaining exchanges | 259 | 45 | 22 | 17% | 9% |
| Alberta | |||||
| Calgary | 8 | 3 | 3 | 38% | 38% |
| Edmonton | 27 | 10 | 6 | 37% | 22% |
| Remaining exchanges | 303 | 26 | 13 | 9% | 4% |
| Saskatchewan | |||||
| Saskatoon | 10 | 1 | 1 | 10% | 10% |
| Regina | 5 | 1 | 0 | 20% | 0% |
| Remaining exchanges | 214 | 8 | 3 | 4% | 1% |
| Manitoba | |||||
| Winnipeg | 14 | 1 | 1 | 7% | 7% |
| Remaining exchanges | 230 | 5 | 0 | 2% | 0% |
| Ontario | |||||
| Toronto | 50 | 45 | 20 | 90% | 40% |
| Ottawa/Gatineau | 28 | 19 | 3 | 68% | 11% |
| Hamilton | 12 | 7 | 5 | 58% | 42% |
| London | 16 | 9 | 1 | 56% | 6% |
| Kitchener | 8 | 8 | 2 | 100% | 25% |
| St. Catharines/Niagara | 13 | 7 | 2 | 54% | 15% |
| Windsor | 11 | 2 | 2 | 18% | 18% |
| Oshawa | 8 | 7 | 2 | 88% | 25% |
| Remaining exchanges | 531 | 79 | 26 | 15% | 5% |
| Quebec | |||||
| Montréal | 40 | 37 | 11 | 93% | 28% |
| Québec | 17 | 8 | 2 | 47% | 12% |
| Remaining exchanges | 518 | 99 | 16 | 19% | 3% |
| New Brunswick | |||||
| Fredericton | 2 | 2 | 0 | 100% | 0% |
| Remaining exchanges | 86 | 21 | 2 | 24% | 2% |
| Nova Scotia | |||||
| Halifax | 16 | 7 | 6 | 44% | 38% |
| Remaining exchanges | 131 | 44 | 8 | 34% | 6% |
| Prince Edward Island | |||||
| Charlottetown | 4 | 1 | 0 | 25% | 0% |
| Remaining exchanges | 22 | 10 | 2 | 46% | 9% |
| Newfoundland & Labrador | |||||
| St. John’s | 6 | 1 | 1 | 17% | 17% |
| Remaining exchanges | 206 | 0 | 0 | 0% | 0% |
Appendix 4 - International pricing assumptions
Below is a summary of the assumptions and methodology used in developing aggregate pricing indices for the international price comparisons shown in Table 6.1.1.
Table A.4.1 Service providers surveyed
| City | Service basket | Service providers |
|---|---|---|
| Canada Halifax NS Montréal QC Toronto ON Regina SK Vancouver BC |
Wireline Wireless Broadband Internet Mobile Internet Bundles Wireline Wireless Broadband Internet Mobile Internet Bundles Wireline Wireless Broadband Internet Mobile Internet Bundles Wireline Wireless Broadband Internet Mobile Internet Bundles Wireline Wireless Broadband Internet Mobile Internet Bundles |
Bell Aliant, EastLink Bell, Telus, Rogers Bell Aliant, EastLink Bell, Telus, Rogers Bell Aliant, EastLink Bell, Videotron, Primus Bell, Telus, Rogers, Primus, Videotron, Public Mobile Bell, Videotron, Primus Bell, Telus, Rogers, Videotron Bell, Videotron, Primus (excluding digital TV) Bell, Rogers, Primus Bell, Telus, Rogers, Primus, WIND, Mobilicity, Public Mobile Bell, Rogers, Primus Bell, Telus, Rogers, WIND, Mobilicity Bell, Rogers, Primus (excluding digital TV) SaskTel, Access Communications SaskTel, Telus, Rogers SaskTel, Access Communications SaskTel, Telus, Rogers SaskTel, Access Communications Telus, Shaw, Primus Bell, Telus, Rogers, Primus, WIND, Mobilicity Telus, Shaw, Primus Bell, Telus, Rogers, Primus, WIND, Mobilicity Telus, Shaw, Primus (excluding digital TV) |
| United States Boston MA Kansas City MO Seattle WA |
Wireline Wireless Broadband Internet Mobile Internet Bundles Wireline Wireless Broadband Internet Mobile Internet Bundles Wireline Wireless Broadband Internet Mobile Internet Bundles |
Verizon, Comcast AT&T, Verizon, Sprint Verizon, Comcast AT&T, Verizon, Sprint Verizon, Comcast AT&T, Time Warner AT&T, Verizon, Sprint AT&T, Time Warner AT&T, Verizon, Sprint AT&T, Time Warner Qwest, Comcast AT&T, Verizon, Sprint Qwest, Comcast AT&T, Verizon, Sprint Qwest, Comcast |
| United Kingdom London |
Wireline Wireless Broadband Internet Mobile Internet Bundles |
BT, Virgin, Talk Talk Orange, Virgin, Vodafone BT, Virgin, Orange, AOL Broadband Orange, Virgin, Vodafone Virgin, BT (Orange for wireless) |
| Australia Sydney |
All service baskets |
Telstra, Optus |
| France Paris |
All service baskets |
Orange (France Telecom), SFR (Neuf Cegetel), Numericable |
| Japan Tokyo |
Wireline Wireless Broadband Internet Mobile Internet Bundles |
NTT, J:Com NTT DoCoMo, J:Com (Willcom), KDDI, eMobile NTT, J:Com, KDDI, Yahoo! BB NTT DoCoMo, J:Com (Willcom), KDDI, eMobile NTT, J:Com (Willcom) |
Table A.4.2 Wireline service baskets
| Calling assumptions | Minutes of use/month | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | |
| Outgoing (55%) Incoming (45%) Total minutes |
220 180 400 |
550 450 1,000 |
880 720 1,600 |
| Outgoing by time of day/week Peak (40%) Off-peak (60%) |
88 132 |
220 330 |
352 528 |
| Outgoing long distance National U.S. Other (international) Total |
10% of total 16 6 22 |
20% of total 70 30 10 110 |
30% of total 150 80 34 264 |
| Outgoing to mobile Local National International Total |
15% of total 33 33 |
15% of total 60 22.5 82.5 |
15% of total 100 32 132 |
| Average call length | 3 minutes | 3 minutes | 3 minutes |
| Features | |||
| Voice mail Caller identification Other |
Yes Yes |
Yes Yes Yes (bundled, if available) |
|
- Wireline pricing reflects flat-rate unlimited local calling in Canada and the United States; in the United Kingdom and France, wireline is priced on a per-minute metered basis; in Australia, wireline local calling is priced on a per-call basis but is otherwise unmetered.
Prices were surveyed from the three or four largest service providers in each country as outlined in Table A.4.1, and then weighted by the market share of each provider. Government sales taxes, such as GST or VAT, and one-time service installation charges were excluded. Industry-specific charges (such as 9-1-1 fees, universal service and regulatory charges in the United States, and television licence fees in the United Kingdom) were included. Prices were converted to Canadian dollars using average February 2011 market exchange rates, and were also adjusted for purchasing power parity using February 2011 comparative price level indexes published by the OECD.
Canadian prices were compared to those in the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Australia, and Japan for wireline and mobile wireless services at three separate service levels, designed to reflect typical basic, standard, and high-end Canadian service consumption patterns (service basket Levels 1, 2, and 3). For broadband Internet services, an additional Level 4 basket was added in 2011 for higher-speed broadband service offerings (see Table A.4.5). Prices were also compared for mobile Internet access service in the above-mentioned countries, based on 3G or higher wireless technology at a monthly data usage level of 2 GB. As well, prices for bundles of three or four services were compared: Bundle 1 (wireline, mobile wireless, and broadband Internet), Bundle 2 (wireline, broadband Internet, and a basic digital television package), and Bundle 3 (wireline, mobile wireless, broadband Internet, and basic digital television). Level 2 service baskets were used in each of these bundles.
Table A.4.3 Wireless service baskets
| Calling assumptions | Minutes of use/month | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | |
| Outgoing (60%) Incoming (40%) Total |
90 60 150 |
270 180 450 |
720 480 1,200 |
| Time of day/week Peak (40%) Off-peak (60%) |
60 90 |
180 270 |
480 720 |
| Outgoing long distance National U.S. Other Total |
10% of total 9 9 |
10% of total 21 6 27 |
15% of total 90 18 108 |
| Outgoing to mobile On-net (2/3) Off-net (1/3) Total |
50% of total 30 15 45 |
50% of total 90 45 135 |
50% of total 240 120 360 |
| Average call length | 3 minutes | 3 minutes | 3 minutes |
| Features | |||
| Voice mail Caller identification Other |
Yes Yes |
Yes Yes Yes |
|
| Data | |||
| SMS | 200 | 200 | |
| Data service | 1 GB | ||
- For Level 1 wireless service, both prepaid and post-paid plans were considered, with the selected price reflecting the least expensive option of the two. For Levels 2 and 3, post-paid plans (generally based on two-year contract rates) were assumed to be more economical. Handset costs are not reflected in these price comparisons.
Table A.4.4 Mobile Internet service basket
| Elements | Level 1 |
|---|---|
| Transmission speed | ≥ 1.5 Mbps |
| Assumed data usage/month | 2 GB |
| USB modem | No cost with contract; or rental/24-month amortization |
Table A.4.5 Broadband (Internet access) service baskets
| Elements | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Level 4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Transmission speed | Basic services < 1.5 Mbps |
1.5 – 9 Mbps (target ~ 5 Mbps) |
10–20 Mbps (target ~ 15 Mbps) |
20+ Mbps (target 20–40 Mbps) |
| Average data usage/month | 2 GB | 10 GB | 30 GB | 50 GB |
| Modem | Rental/24-month amortization | Rental/24-month amortization | Rental/24-month amortization | Rental/24-month amortization |
Table A.4.6 Bundled service baskets
| Service elements | Bundle 1 Triple-play |
Bundle 2 Triple-play |
Bundle 3 Quadruple-play |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wireline | Wireline Level 2 usage | Wireline Level 2 usage | Wireline Level 2 usage |
| Wireless | Wireless Level 2 usage | Wireless Level 2 usage | |
| Broadband | Broadband Level 2 usage | Broadband Level 2 usage | Broadband Level 2 usage |
| Television | Basic digital TV package | Basic digital TV package |
Appendix 5 - Telecommunications market sector description
- Wireline voice
Wireline voice-related telecommunications services can be divided into two broad market segments: (i) local and access services, and (ii) long distance services.
- Local and access services
The local and access segment is composed of wireline services relating to access and connectivity to the PSTN, and includes services used by both retail and wholesale customers.
Local wireline telephone service enables customers to place unlimited calls within a defined local calling area for a basic monthly fee. This service is either access-dependent or access-independent. Access-dependent service includes managed wireline access from the TSP to the customer, a connection to the PSTN, and a telephone number. Access-independent service does not include the managed wireline access component. Customers of access-independent service must subscribe to broadband Internet service, which serves as the access component.
Local wireline telephone service includes automated call answering, business Centrex, and ISDN services, as well as other ancillary services such as inside wiring, installation and repair, teleconferencing, and miscellaneous local services.
Local and access service revenues include revenues from the sale of local services on a wholesale basis and, with the introduction of local competition, revenues from the sale of access services for interconnection between carriers and other service providers, including switching and aggregation, and from the sale of unbundled network components. - Long distance services
Retail long distance services encompass wireline voice traffic to locations outside the local service calling area. These services are sold in a variety of ways, such as through a standard per minute charge, a monthly subscription plan, calling cards, or a bundle with other services. Wholesale long distance services refer to services, provided under connection arrangements, between a facilities based TSP and a long distance TSP to transit long distance minutes, and b) the sale of wholesale bulk long distance minutes by facilities-based TSPs to resellers of long distance service.
- Local and access services
- Internet
Internet-related telecommunications services can be divided into two broad market segments: (i) Internet access and transport, and (ii) Internet applications and other Internet-related services.
- Internet access and transport
Internet access involves the provision of an IP connection to an end-user, which enables the end-user to exchange application traffic with Internet hosts and other end-users. Internet access service consists of three major components:
- a data connection between a modem at the end-user’s location (such as a residential dwelling) and the ISP;
- ISP facilities, which include
- routers, to switch traffic between ISP end-users and the Internet at large,
- servers, to provide in-house ISP services, such as email, and
- network management elements; and
- a connection from the ISP to the Internet.
Internet transport service is a type of Internet connectivity service typically sold to ISPs and some larger business customers. Internet transport capacity is provided over Internet backbone facilities that carry aggregated traffic across domestic and international links between Internet traffic switches or routers. Internet transport service provides partial control over the movement of customers’ Internet traffic. In some cases, peering arrangements between Internet backbone service providers substitute for the outright purchase of Internet transport by one ISP from another. - Internet applications and other Internet-related services
A growing number of Internet application services, including email and Web hosting, piggyback on Internet connectivity services. Internet application services are typically bundled together with Internet access services. However, TSPs also participate in emerging stand-alone business Internet application service markets, which include services such as premium Web hosting services, Internet data centre and off-site data storage services, and security and firewall services.
- Internet access and transport
- Data and private line
Data services include managed LAN and WAN services for data, video, and voice networks within a metropolitan area or on a national or international scale. Data services include legacy protocols such as X.25 (packet switched WAN communication), ATM, and frame relay; newer protocols such as Ethernet and IP-VPN; and the provisioning and management of networks and related equipment.
Private line services provide the capability to link two or more locations over dedicated facilities for the purpose of transporting data, video, or voice traffic. These services include high-capacity digital transmission services (at speeds ranging up to gigabit speeds over fibre) and digital data systems, as well as voice-grade and other analog services. Transmission facilities for private line services include copper wire, fibre optic cable, and satellite facilities. - Wireless
Wireless services are composed of telecommunications services provided via mobile wireless access facilities. These services include mobile telephony, mobile data (such as text messaging), roaming, wireless Internet access, and paging services. Data related to satellite private line services are included in the “Data and private line” section of this report, while data related to the satellite services associated with mobile telephones are included in the “Wireless” section of this report.
In addition to enabling voice communications over wireless networks, new wireless technologies are enabling users to send text messages and multi-media messages, including photos, graphics, videos, and audio clips, from one device to another. Inter-carrier text messaging and data sharing between users have been in place for several years and are expected to continue to grow as existing and new carriers forge network agreements, and terminal equipment makers introduce new devices.
Mobile wireless services are generally billed on a usage basis for both voice and data services. Subscribers have a choice of two payment plan options: prepaid and post-paid. Under prepaid plans, subscribers must purchase the wireless service prior to use, while under post-paid plans, subscribers must pay monthly after using the service. Customers typically pay a per-minute rate under prepaid plans. However, under post-paid plans, customers pay for a service package that includes defined minutes of use, an overage minute rate, data features, and other optional services such as voice mail, call display, and call waiting services.
Appendix 6 - List of acronyms used in the report
| ACEPU | average capital expenditure per user |
| ARPM | average revenue per minute |
| ARPU | average revenue per user |
| ASC | Advertising Standards Canada |
| ATM | asynchronous transfer mode |
| AWS | advanced wireless service |
| BDU | broadcasting distribution undertaking |
| CAB | Canadian Association of Broadcasters |
| CAGR | compound annual growth rate |
| capex | capital expenditure |
| CBC | Canadian Broadcasting Corporation |
| CBSC | Canadian Broadcast Standards Council |
| CCD | Canadian Content Development |
| CLEC | competitive local exchange carrier |
| CMF | Canadian Media Fund |
| CPAC | Cable Public Affairs Channel |
| CPE | Canadian programming expenditures |
| CPI | Consumer Price Index |
| CRTC, the Commission | Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission |
| CTD | Canadian Talent Development |
| CTF | Canadian Television Fund |
| DCS | Data collection system |
| DNA | digital network access |
| DNCL | Do Not Call List |
| DSL | digital subscriber line |
| DTH | direct-to-home |
| EBITDA | earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization |
| FTTH | fibre-to-the-home |
| FTTx | fibre-to-the-x where x is a generalization of various configuration of fibre deployment (e.g. home, node, etc.) |
| GAS | gateway access service |
| GB | gigabyte |
| GDP | gross domestic product |
| GST | goods and services tax |
| HD | high definition |
| high-speed DNA | high-speed intra-exchange digital network access |
| HSDS | high-speed digital service |
| HSPA | high-speed packet access |
| HSPA+ | evolved high-speed packet access |
| ID | identification |
| IAB | Canada Interactive Advertising Bureau of Canada |
| ILEC | incumbent local exchange carrier |
| IMF | International Monetary Fund |
| IP | Internet Protocol |
| IPTV | Internet Protocol television |
| IP-VPN | Internet Protocol – virtual private network |
| ISDN | integrated services digital network |
| ISP | Internet service provider |
| kbps | kilobits per second |
| LAN | local area network |
| LEC | local exchange carrier |
| LPIF | Local programming improvement fund |
| LTE | long-term evolution |
| mbps | megabits per second |
| MDS | multipoint distribution service |
| MTM | Media Technology Monitor |
| MVNO | mobile virtual network operator |
| MWS | metropolitan wavelength services |
| n.a. | not available |
| n.m. | not meaningful |
| NRA | national regulatory authority |
| OECD | Organisation for Economic Co operation and Development |
| OMDC | Ontario Media Development Corporation |
| OTA | over-the-air |
| PBIT | profit before interest and taxes |
| PBX | private branch exchange |
| PPM | portable people meter |
| PPP | Purchasing Power Parity |
| PPV | pay-per-view |
| PST | provincial sales tax |
| PSTN | public switched telephone network |
| RDU | radiocommunication distribution undertakings |
| SD | standard definition |
| SMS | short message service |
| SRDU | satellite relay distribution undertaking |
| TPI | telephone price index |
| TPIA | third-party Internet access |
| TSP | telecommunications service provider |
| VAT | value-added tax |
| VDSL | very high bit rate digital subscriber line |
| VOD | video-on-demand |
| VoIP | voice over Internet Protocol |
| VPOP | virtual point of presence |
| WAN | wide area network |
| WSP | wireless service provider |
| 3G | third-generation |
| 4G | fourth-generation |
Appendix 7 - List of decisions, public notices, orders, circulars, and regulatory policies referenced in the report
| Broadcasting | |
| Circular No. 404 | Requirements for the Filing of Financial Statements with the Broadcasting Annual Return, Circular No. 404, 23 August 1994 |
| Broadcasting Decision 2002-45 | Requirements for the Filing of Financial Statements with the Broadcasting Annual Return, Circular No. 404, 23 August 1994 |
| Broadcasting Decision 2002-88 | Revocation of the licences of exempted small cable distribution undertakings, Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2002-88, 17 April 2002 |
| Broadcasting Decision 2004-382 | Revocation of licences − Exempted cable broadcasting distribution undertakings that serve up to 6,000 subscribers, Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2004-382, 30 August 2004, as amended by Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2004-382-1, 18 January 2005 |
| Broadcasting Decision 2007-165 | Transfer of effective control of CHUM Limited to CTVglobemedia Inc., Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2007-165, 8 June 2007 |
| Broadcasting Decision 2007-359 | Acquisition of assets, Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2007-359, 28 September 2007, as amended by Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2007-359-1, 3 December 2007 |
| Broadcasting Decision 2007-360 | Transfer of effective control of 1708487 Ontario Inc., 1738700 Ontario Inc. and CHUM Television Vancouver Inc. to Rogers Media Inc., Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2007-360, 28 September 2007 |
| Broadcasting Decision 2007-368 | Acquisition of assets, Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2007-368, 12 October 2007 |
| Broadcasting Decision 2007-429 | Transfer of effective control of Alliance Atlantis Broadcasting Inc.’s broadcasting companies to CanWest MediaWorks Inc., Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2007-429, 20 December 2007 |
| Broadcasting Decision 2007-434 | Exchange of radio assets, Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2007‑434, 24 December 2007 |
| Broadcasting Decision 2008-71 | Acquisition of assets, Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2008-71, 31 March 2008, as amended by Acquisition of assets – Correction to a condition of licence, Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2008-71-1, 4 June 2008 |
| Broadcasting Decision 2008-72 | Acquisition of assets − CHNM-TV and CHNM-DT Vancouver and their transmitters in Victoria, Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2008-72, 31 March 2008 |
| Broadcasting Decision 2008-128 | CHRC Québec − Acquisition of assets, Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2008-128, 26 June 2008, as amended by CHRC Québec – Acquisition of assets – Correction to a condition of licence, Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2008-128-1, 3 July 2008; and CHRC Québec – Acquisition of assets – Addition of a condition of licence, Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2008-128-2, 29 September 2008 |
| Broadcasting Decision 2008-129 | Change in the effective control of TQS inc. and licence renewals of the television programming undertakings CFJP-TV Montréal, CFJP-DT Montréal, CFAP‑TV Québec, CFKM-TV Trois-Rivières, CFKS‑TV Sherbrooke, CFRS-TV Saguenay and of the TQS network, Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2008-129, 26 June 2008 |
| Broadcasting Decision 2008-130 | Canadian Broadcasting Corporation − Acquisition of assets, Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2008-130, 26 June 2008 |
| Broadcasting Decision 2008-138 | Change in effective control, Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2008‑138, 7 July 2008 |
| Broadcasting Decision 2008-206 | Change in effective control, Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2008‑206, 22 August 2008 |
| Broadcasting Decision 2009-279 | Renewal of the broadcasting licences for private conventional television stations considered at the 27 April 2009 Gatineau public hearing – Initial decisions and scope of subsequent policy proceeding, Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2009-279, 15 May 2009 |
| Broadcasting Decision 2009-536 | CJNT-TV Montréal – Acquisition of assets, Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2009-536, 28 August 2009 |
| Broadcasting Decision 2009-537 | CHCH-TV Hamilton and its transmitters and CHCH‑DT Hamilton – Acquisition of assets, Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2009-537, 28 August 2009 |
| Broadcasting Decision 2009-699 | CHEK-TV Victoria and its transmitters – Acquisition of assets, Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2009-699, 9 November 2009 |
| Broadcasting Decision 2009-706 | Sex TV: The Channel and Drive-In Classics Channel – Acquisition of assets, Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2009-706, 19 November 2009 |
| Broadcasting Decision 2009-746 | CKTG-FM and CJUK-FM Thunder Bay – Acquisition of assets, Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2009-746, 2 December 2009 |
| Broadcasting Decision 2009-810 | Administrative renewals, Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2009‑810, 23 December 2009 |
| Broadcasting Decision 2010-782 | Change in the effective control of Canwest Global Communications Corp.’s licensed broadcasting subsidiaries, Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2010-782, 22 October 2010 |
| Broadcasting Decision 2010-792 | travel + escape – Corporate reorganization (acquisition of assets), and transfer of ownership and control, Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2010-792, 26 October 2010 |
| Broadcasting Decision 2010-942 | Transfer of effective control of various commercial radio programming undertakings from Corus Entertainment Inc. to Cogeco inc., Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2010-942, 17 December 2010 |
| Broadcasting Decision 2011-163 | Change in effective control of CTVglobemedia Inc.’s licensed broadcasting subsidiaries, Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2011-163, 7 March 2011 |
| Public Notice 1997-25 | New regulatory framework for broadcasting distribution undertakings, Public Notice CRTC 1997‑25, 11 March 1997 |
| Public Notice 1999-205 | Definitions for new types of priority programs; revisions to the definitions of television content categories; definitions of Canadian dramatic programs that will qualify for time credits towards priority programming requirements, Public Notice CRTC 1999‑205, 23 December 1999 |
| Broadcasting Public Notice 2003-35 | Exemption orders respecting certain classes of low-power and very low-power programming undertakings, Broadcasting Public Notice CRTC 2003-35, 10 July 2003 |
| Broadcasting Public Notice 2004-92 | Exemption order respecting a class of low-power radio programming undertakings, Broadcasting Public Notice CRTC 2004-92, 26 November 2004 |
| Broadcasting Public Notice 2005-35 | Good commercial practices, Broadcasting Public Notice CRTC 2005-35, 18 April 2005 |
| Broadcasting Public Notice 2006-143 | Exemption order respecting certain network operations, Broadcasting Public Notice CRTC 2006-143, 10 November 2006 |
| Broadcasting Public Notice 2006-158 | Commercial Radio Policy 2006, Broadcasting Public Notice CRTC 2006-158, 15 December 2006 |
| Broadcasting Public Notice 2008-77 | Applications processed pursuant to streamlined procedures, Broadcasting Public Notice CRTC 2008‑77, 3 September 2008 |
| Broadcasting Notice of Consultation 2010-783 | Review of the regulatory framework relating to vertical integration, Broadcasting Notice of Consultation CRTC 2010-783, 22 October 2010 |
| Broadcasting Notice of Consultation 2010-783-2 | Review of the regulatory framework relating to vertical integration – Additional issue, Broadcasting Notice of Consultation CRTC 2010-783-2, 8 February 2011 |
| Broadcasting Regulatory Policy 2010-57 | Revised lists of eligible satellite services – Annual compilation of amendments, Broadcasting Regulatory Policy CRTC 2010‑57, 4 February 2010 |
| Broadcasting Regulatory Policy 2010-167 | A group-based approach to the licensing of private television services, Broadcasting Regulatory Policy CRTC 2010-167, 22 March 2010 |
| Broadcasting Regulatory Policy 2011-43 | Revised lists of eligible satellite services – Annual compilation of amendments, Broadcasting Regulatory Policy CRTC 2011-43, 25 January 2011 |
| Telecommunications | |
| Telecom Decision 94-19 | Review of regulatory framework, Telecom Decision CRTC 94‑19, 16 September 1994 |
| Telecom Decision 2006-15 | Forbearance from the regulation of retail local exchange services, Telecom Decision CRTC 2006-15, 6 April 2006, as amended by Order in Council P.C. 2007-532, 4 April 2007 |
| Forbearance Order | Order Varying Telecom Decision CRTC 2006-15, P.C. 2007‑532, 18 April 2007 |
| Policy Direction | Order Issuing a Direction to the CRTC on Implementing the Canadian Telecommunications Policy Objectives, P.C. 2006‑1534, 14 December 2006 |
| HSDS Decision | Framework for forbearance from regulation of high-speed intra-exchange digital network access services, Telecom Decision CRTC 2007-35, 25 May 2007 |
Appendix 8 - List of Canadian companies referenced in the report
| Access Communications | Access Communications Co-operative Limited |
| Astral | Astral Media Inc. |
| Atria | Atria Networks L.P. |
| Barrett | Xplornet Communications Inc. |
| BCE | Bell Canada Enterprises |
| Bell Aliant | Bell Aliant Regional Communications, Limited Partnership |
| Bell Canada | Bell Canada |
| Bell Group | Bell Canada; Bell Mobility Inc.; Latitude Wireless Inc.; NorthernTel, Limited Partnership; Northwestel Mobility Inc.; SkyTerra (Canada) Inc.; SkyTerra Corp.; Télébec, Limited Partnership; and Virgin Mobile Canada |
| Bell Mobility | Bell Mobility Inc. |
| Bragg | Bragg Communications Inc. |
| Canwes | t Canwest Media Inc. |
| CBC | Canadian Broadcasting Corporation |
| Cogeco | Cogeco Canada L.P., Cogeco Câble Québec s.e.n.c. and Cogeco Inc. |
| Corus | Corus Entertainment Inc. |
| Crossroads | Crossroads Television System |
| CTV | CTV Inc. (CTVglobemedia Inc., CTV Inc., CTV Limited, and CTV Corp. amalgamated on 15 March 2011 as CTV Inc.) |
| Distributel | Distributel Communications Limited |
| EastLink | EastLink |
| Hydro One | Hydro One Telecom Inc. |
| Latitude Wireless | Latitude Wireless Inc. |
| MTS Allstream | MTS Allstream Inc. |
| NorthernTel | NorthernTel, Limited Partnership |
| Northwestel | Northwestel Inc. |
| Northwestel Mobility | Northwestel Mobility Inc. |
| Quebecor | Quebecor Media Inc. |
| Primus | Primus Telecommunications Canada Inc. |
| Remstar | Remstar (V) |
| Rogers | Rogers Broadcasting Limited, Rogers Cable Communications Inc., Rogers Communications Inc. and Rogers Wireless Inc. |
| SaskTel | Saskatchewan Telecommunications |
| Shaw | Shaw Communications Inc. |
| SkyTerra | SkyTerra (Canada) Inc. and SkyTerra Corp. |
| SRC | Société Radio-Canada |
| Star Choice | Star Choice Television Network Incorporated |
| TBayTel | TBayTel |
| TCC | TELUS Communications Company |
| TELUS | TELUS Communications Inc. |
| Télébec | Télébec, Limited Partnership |
| Télé-Québec | Télé-Québec |
| Videotron | Videotron Ltd. |
| Virgin Mobile | Virgin Mobile Canada |
| WIND | WIND Mobile |
| Xplornet | Xplornet Communications Inc. |
| YAK | YAK Communications (Canada) Corp. |
Notes:
[9] Telecommunications industry data collection: updating of CRTC registration lists, telecommunications fees, Canadian contribution mechanism fund administration, international licences and monitoring of the Canadian telecommunications industry, Telecom Circular CRTC 2003‑1, 11 December 2003
