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TRANSCRIPT
OF PROCEEDINGS BEFORE
THE
CANADIAN RADIO‑TELEVISION AND
TELECOMMUNICATIONS
COMMISSION
TRANSCRIPTION
DES AUDIENCES DEVANT
LE
CONSEIL DE LA RADIODIFFUSION
ET
DES TÉLÉCOMMUNICATIONS CANADIENNES
SUBJECT/SUJET:
REVIEW OF THE OVER-THE-AIR TV POLICY /
EXAMEN DE CERTAINS ASPECTS DU CADRE
RÉGLEMENTAIRE
DE LA TÉLÉVISION EN DIRECT
HELD AT: TENUE À:
Conference Centre Centre de conférences
Outaouais Room Salle Outaouais
Portage IV Portage IV
140 Promenade du Portage 140, promenade du Portage
Gatineau, Quebec Gatineau (Québec)
December 6, 2006 Le 6 décembre 2006
Transcripts
In order to meet the requirements of the
Official Languages
Act, transcripts of proceedings before the
Commission will be
bilingual as to their covers, the listing of
the CRTC members
and staff attending the public hearings, and
the Table of
Contents.
However, the aforementioned publication is the
recorded
verbatim transcript and, as such, is taped and
transcribed in
either of the official languages, depending on
the language
spoken by the participant at the public
hearing.
Transcription
Afin de rencontrer les exigences de la Loi sur
les langues
officielles, les procès‑verbaux pour le
Conseil seront
bilingues en ce qui a trait à la page couverture,
la liste des
membres et du personnel du CRTC participant à
l'audience
publique ainsi que la table des matières.
Toutefois, la publication susmentionnée est un
compte rendu
textuel des délibérations et, en tant que tel,
est enregistrée
et transcrite dans l'une ou l'autre des deux
langues
officielles, compte tenu de la langue utilisée
par le
participant à l'audience publique.
Canadian
Radio‑television and
Telecommunications
Commission
Conseil
de la radiodiffusion et des
télécommunications
canadiennes
Transcript
/ Transcription
REVIEW
OF THE OVER-THE-AIR TV POLICY /
EXAMEN
DE CERTAINS ASPECTS DU CADRE RÉGLEMENTAIRE
DE
LA TÉLÉVISION EN DIRECT
BEFORE / DEVANT:
Michel Arpin Chairperson
/ Président
Rita Cugini Commissioner
/ Conseillère
Richard French Commissioner
/ Conseiller
Elizabeth Duncan Commissioner / Conseillère
Ronald Williams Commissioner
/ Conseiller
ALSO PRESENT / AUSSI PRÉSENTS:
Chantal Boulet Secretary / Secrétaire
John Keogh Legal
Counsel /
Valérie Lagacé Conseillers
juridiques
Shelley Cruise
Peter Foster Hearing
Manager /
Gérant de l'audience
HELD AT: TENUE
À:
Conference Centre Centre de conférences
Outaouais Room Salle
Outaouais
Portage IV Portage
IV
140 Promenade du Portage 140, promenade du Portage
Gatineau, Quebec Gatineau (Québec)
December 6, 2006 Le 6 décembre 2006
TABLE
DES MATIÈRES / TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
/ PARA
PRESENTATION BY / PRÉSENTATION PAR:
Coalition pour la radiotélévision publique 1977 / 10846
francophone
Syndicat des communications de Radio‑Canada 2014 / 11015
CFTPA 2060
/ 11214
l'Observatoire du documentaire 2122 / 11558
Canadian Association of the Deaf 2142 / 11657
Alberta Motion Picture Industries Association 2159 / 11777
Canadian Broadcast Museum Foundation 2188 / 11948
Our Public Airwaves 2211 / 12100
Canadian Media Research Consortium 2243 / 12231
Association of Canadian Advertisers 2285 / 12443
RQST Conseil‑expert 2326 / 12695
Gatineau,
Québec / Gatineau (Québec)
‑‑‑ Upon resuming
on Wednesday, December 6, 2006
at 0831 / L'audience reprend le lundi
4 décembre 2006 à 0831
10685 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Order, please. À l'ordre, s'il vous plaît.
10686 Madame la
Secrétaire.
10687 LA SECRÉTAIRE :
Merci, Monsieur le Président.
10688 Quelques petites
annonces d'ordre pratique pour aviser les gens de l'audience que nous avons des
documents additionnels qui ont été déposés au dossier public concernant cette
audience.
10689 Les documents sont
disponibles dans la salle d'examen pour ceux qui veulent en avoir des copies.
10690 Also for your
information, sign language interpretation is available during this
hearing. Anyone wishing to use this
service should inform me.
10691 Thank you very
much.
10692 Finally, the
Association of Canadian Film Distributors and Exporters will not be
appearing. They were scheduled to appear
today.
10693 We will now
proceed with the next presentation of the Friends of Canadian
Broadcasting. Mr. Ian Morrison is
appearing for the association.
10694 Mr. Morrison, you
have ten minutes for your presentation.
Whenever you are ready.
10695 Thank you.
10696 M. MORISON :
Monsieur le Président, Membres du Conseil, merci d'avoir permis aux Amis de
comparaître aujourd'hui.
10697 Notre organisme
sert de chien de garde pour assurer la présence de la qualité du contenu
canadien dans la programmation à la radio et à la télévision anglophones de
notre pays.
10698 Nous sommes
appuyés par environ 100 000 Canadiens.
10699 While your notice
for this hearing cites a principle that the Commission would require regulation
only where the goals of the Broadcasting Act cannot be met by other means,
Friends believes that regulation is by no means a necessary evil.
10700 Rather it is a
system of rules that facilitates markets; a set of rules by which each of the
licensed participants understands what is expected of them and ensures that
each makes a contribution towards the Act's goals according to their means.
10701 Over‑the‑air
broadcasters must be financially healthy in order to make these contributions,
and to respond to viewers' expectations.
10702 While our
September 27 submission explores many of the questions posed by the public
notice, this morning we wish to focus on ensuring the future financial
viability of the OTA system.
10703 Friends believes
that relaxing the current limit on advertising would favour the larger
television groups over their smaller competitors.
10704 Any increase in ad
inventories would go disproportionately to the larger groups while reducing the
ad revenue available to the smaller ones.
10705 For this reason,
we oppose relaxing the 12‑minute rule.
10706 We also believe
that specialty channels' access to subscription fees enables them to sell ad
inventories significantly discounted in comparison with OTA rates, and that
this places OTA channels at a significant disadvantage.
10707 Furthermore,
subscription fees and regulation are the primary reasons for specialty
channels' commendable contribution to the production and presentation of
Canadian programming in recent years ‑ averaging 36 per cent of total
revenues over the past five years.
10708 The traditional
OTA financial model, relying upon basic carriage to draw substantial audiences
and ad revenues, is losing viability owing to fragmentation.
10709 The financial data
speak for themselves. This trend puts at
risk the future contribution of OTA stations to local and regional news, as
well as other valuable programming, such as Category 7 drama.
10710 Therefore, in
principle, OTA television should be permitted equitable access to subscriber
fees.
10711 This raises
legitimate concerns about the impact of such a decision on the pocketbooks of
television subscribers.
10712 For this reason,
Friends suggests that the Commission consider permitting OTA broadcasters to
obtain subscription revenues based on the total number of digital subscribers.
10713 By exempting
analog customers, especially lower‑income customers purchasing basic
services, the Commission would ensure that these customers would not be
required to bear additional fee increases as a result of implementing this
proposal.
10714 Friends also takes
the position that the primary impact of audience fragmentation has come from
the advent of digital services.
10715 Therefore, there
is a logic to the idea that basic‑only customers have not contributed to
the financial disadvantage facing OTA television, and should not be asked to
contribute to its resolution.
10716 Friends also
believes that the existing and historical fee structure should not be
considered sacrosanct. The public
interest would be well served by reapportioning subscriber fees to ensure value
for money, consistent with financial performance results.
10717 The Television
Policy should ensure that a preponderant portion of these revenues, these new
revenues, be allocated to enhancing local services and high production value
drama programming.
10718 In our submission,
we draw upon data from the 2006 CMRI study published in August by the
Commission, which suggest that the total number of households subscribing to
BDUs is in the range of ten million, of which some five million are digital
subscribers whose monthly invoices average 48 dollars.
10719 A ten per cent
increase in this fee ‑ that would be 4,80 dollars ‑ might
be phased in over, we have suggeste, two years, and would generate subscription
revenues in the range of 278 million per annum.
10720 And, as the
overall digital cable penetration rate is only 37 per cent, there will be room
for substantial growth in this total over time.
10721 Friends notes that
the most hostile response to fee for carriage seems to have come from the BDUs,
which have suggested that a subscription fee of this modest size could ring the
death knell for their business.
10722 This reminds us of
their assertion in the 1990s that licensing DTH would unleash a Death Star. Now that DTH is a reality, cable remains
extremely profitable.
10723 The Commission
should be appropriately sceptical of BDU predictions that fee for carriage is a
bad idea.
10724 Compare a 4.80
dollars monthly charge to digital customers with other comparable charges from
BDUs. For example, Rogers Cable's Music
Package costs 4.99 monthly, Sports 9.99, Lifestyle 6.99, More Movies 7.99.
10725 A single channel
`Create Your Own Package' costs 2.49; five channels 9.99; thirty channels
26.99.
10726 We recommend
strongly that the Commission grant fee for carriage only in response to
incremental commitments to local and drama programming. We also recommend this provision apply to all
OTA channels, especially the CBC.
10727 In our submission
we noted that the BCE benefits have demonstrated that with the right budget and
the right promotion, Canadian drama can succeed.
10728 This appears to
have been the case with Category 7 drama programs like Corner Gas leading the
way.
10729 There also appears
to be a clear correlation between investment and audience results.
10730 The lesson is that
spending on Canadian programming, more than the quantity of offerings, appears
to be the most promising route.
10731 Friends also
recommends that the Commission consider an alternative scenario whereby private
sector OTA broadcasters are encouraged to allocate their share of the fee for
carriage to the CBC in return for the CBC agreeing to reduce or eliminate its
draw upon ad revenues.
10732 This reliance, to
the tune of some 300 million annually, has the undesirable effect of pushing
the CBC in the direction of programs with commercial appeal which can stray
from its public service mandate.
10733 This includes
excessive dependence upon professional sports, particularly hockey, and is
consistent with government policy. And
there is a quote from the current Prime Minister in the footnote if you care to
look at it.
10734 The Commission
should use its powers to ensure that this fee for carriage is not subject to
pass‑through charges by BDUs, which we note would incur no incremental
costs, and which have free access to OTA signals.
10735 We do, however,
find merit in the suggestion of Mr. Ted Rogers that the fees should be visible
on BDU invoices. Friends recommends that
the Commission use its powers to ensure that all fees for carriage, not just
those of OTA broadcasters, are transparent to BDU subscribers.
10736 Friends is greatly
concerned that the Commission has not published individual station group data
regarding spending on Canadian programming, as it did in the lead‑up to
the 1998 television policy review.
10737 These data are
necessary so that the contributions made by each of the players can be
separately considered.
10738 We find that, in
the absence of these data, it is not possible for outside observers to
determine the impact of the Commission's 1999 policy, especially on individual
programming categories.
10739 There is no
justifiable public policy reason for with holding these data.
10740 We also note with
concern that in questioning of ACTRA representatives on Monday, Commissioners
appeared sceptical regarding the potential of well‑funded Canadian drama
programs to attract mass audience.
10741 For the record,
the Commission should know that Canadian English‑language viewers
assemble in the millions to watch drama programs each week.
10742 Here are some
numbers for the week of November 13 to 19 of this year, as reported by
CMRI: CSI, 3,658,000; CSI Miami,
2,445,000; House, 2,413,000; Criminal Minds, 2,325,000; Corner Gas, 1,314,000.
10743 To put these
numbers in perspective, during the same week the Grey Cup achieved an audience
of 2.79 million.
10744 The only concern
is that, with rare exceptions such as Corner Gas, these multi‑million
audience drama numbers are going only to Hollywood shows.
10745 Owing to the
correlation between spending and quality, Friends recommends that public policy
be designed to ensure that all parties contribute in a fair and equitable
manner to the system.
10746 The Commission
should reinstate its previous policy of requiring a specified minimum
percentage of revenue to be spent on the production of Canadian programming,
with a specific minimum percentage of revenue dedicated to Category 7 drama
programming.
10747 Friends recommends
that the overall spending on Canadian programming be required at a minimum
level of 30 per cent of revenue, and the specific expenditure for Category 7
drama should exceed five per cent.
10748 We also propose
that the Priority Programming regime be amended to require that four of the
eight weekly hours must be broadcast in the 15 weekly hours of peak prime
time. That is from 8:00 to 11:00, Monday
to Friday.
10749 We also recommends
that the Commission re‑introduce the specific requirement that OTA
broadcasters provide local news.
10750 As well, cable
companies providing local and community news coverage should be allowed to
access local advertising adjacent to their news programming on condition that
80 per cent of the new‑found revenues be invested incrementally in local
news programs.
10751 We wish you well
in your deliberations to come. The
success or failure of your new policy will be visible to Canadians in all parts
of the country.
10752 It is important
that you succeed!
10753 Merci.
10754 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Thank you very much, Mr.
Morrison.
10755 We will have Ms
Duncan ask the first questions.
10756 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Good morning, Mr. Morrison.
10757 You indicated in
your written submission that the average cable bill is 40 dollars per month,
and that the average DTH invoice is 48 dollars.
And you were suggesting a ten per cent increase phase in over two years.
10758 I notice it is a
little slightly different today. Maybe
just because you were working on averages.
10759 But to proceed
with my question, that would mean a two dollar increase per month for a cable
subscriber and a two dollar and 40 cent per month per DTH subscriber in each of
those two years.
10760 And I am just
wondering if you conducted any surveys to assess the reaction of BDU subscribers
to increases of that magnitude.
10761 MR. MORRISON: I would like to point out, for clarity, that
our proposal to you has been and is digital BDU subscribers whose average
monthly payment is 48 dollars. That is
where we derive the $4.80.
10762 It is obviously a
concept number. You are here to discuss
ideas.
10763 So we propose that
it be phased in over a two‑year period, which would mean in effect that
for digital subscribers they would see a monthly increase in their subscription
fee of $2.40 in the first year of your policy and thereafter $4.80; but in
round figures, $5.00.
10764 We did not conduct
survey research. We have analyzed the
survey research that is here, and we are not very impressed actually with the
leading methodology of, for example, the research that Rogers released.
10765 We noticed some
telco ‑‑ and by the way, of course this ad, which you are
familiar with: "How would you like to pay for something you can get for
free?" I know how I would answer
that question, and I infer my answer to other Canadians.
10766 The telco research
that was submitted, which included CMRI data, on whether Canadians would be
willing to pay $5.00 a month for better TV, that we found interesting. It didn't seem loaded.
10767 I think the
conclusion was Canadians are basically split on whether they would be willing
to pay $5.00 more per month for better quality TV, according to the TV quality
survey. Some 16 percent strongly agreed;
30 percent agreed; while the remaining 54 either disagreed or strongly disagreed.
10768 There were only
minor differences between cable and DTH subscribers.
10769 I think that
sounds to me like a fairly good reading.
10770 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Could you give me back the
numbers again.
10771 MR. MORRISON: Sure.
By the way, I'm very surprised that this is not in your records.
10772 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: It might well be.
10773 MR. MORRISON: I will just read it to you again.
10774 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Yes, it is.
10775 MR. MORRISON: The 16 percent strongly agreed; 30 percent
agreed ‑‑ which usually in survey research it is strongly
agree, somewhat agree, somewhat disagree, strongly disagree ‑‑
and then 54 percent disagreed, either strongly or somewhat.
10776 So there is a
split. It is not quite 50:50; it is 46
to 54.
10777 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: So you are not making a
distinction, then, between cable subscribers and satellite subscribers.
10778 As you say, it is
just a concept number and it would be one number across the board.
10779 MR. MORRISON: And we are making a distinction between
digital subscribers and analog subscribers.
10780 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Maybe I had better make sure I'm
on the same wavelength as you.
10781 I'm assuming by
that you mean 100 percent of the BDU subscribers, whether cable or
satellite, would be paying.
10782 MR. MORRISON: One hundred percent, did you say, of the BDU
subscribers?
10783 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Yes.
10784 MR. MORRISON: No.
About 37 percent of cable subscribers are digital, and they would be
paying. And 100 percent of satellite
subscribers and other technology subscribers would be paying because they are
digital.
10785 Over the years
that would move up as digital progresses.
10786 The key point here
is that this could be done in ways that would not disadvantage an old age
pensioner on a fixed income who wants the basic service of the cable company in
order to receive CTV and TV Ontario and the CBC.
10787 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Thank you for that
clarification. I understand what you are
saying.
10788 You make your
point again here this morning that the Commission should ensure that there are
no charges or no monies pass through to the operators as a result of these
increases.
10789 I am wondering if
you would permit the BDUs to recoup any small amount of the fee for
administration, including bad debts.
10790 MR. MORRISON: I am reminded of a statement by Jean‑Jacques
Rousseau who said I'm here to discuss principles. I will not dispute the facts.
10791 The group that I
represent has confidence and trust and actually an expectation that this
Commission would use its good judgment to do something that was fair. There is no reason that a BDU should be out
of pocket as a result of this. That
would not suggest the kind of fees that we have seen in some cases for
specialty channels.
10792 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Thank you.
10793 With respect to
your recommendation that the Commission imposes a requirement that over‑the‑air
broadcasters provide local news, what is the minimum amount that you would
recommend?
10794 MR. MORRISON: I could hide behind Mr. Rousseau again
and say trust your judgment. But we
would like a presence on the television dial of an OTA broadcaster to be there
in the primary community they service once a day for a significant period of
time, possibly twice a day.
10795 It would be a
major achievement if you were to agree even to a modest minimum
requirement. As I mentioned about
regulation, it is also setting a standard, setting a benchmark, setting a
minimum expectation. We believe that
local is threatened in our system. There
is a lot of evidence for that.
10796 We actually said
that at your hearing seven years ago on television policy with some evidence
from the City of Winnipeg. We think you
probably agree with us on this and that it would be a useful requirement at some
level that you deem appropriate and fiscally possible.
10797 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Thank you.
10798 With respect to
your suggestion that local companies be allowed to sell local ads adjacent to
their news programming ‑‑
10799 MR. MORRISON: The cable companies we were saying.
10800 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Sorry, the cable companies.
10801 I am wondering if
you are suggesting any changes to the current system for sponsorship messages,
or would this be in addition to that?
10802 MR. MORRISON: In addition.
I would like to acknowledge they are not all the same, as you know. You see them appear before you. They are not all the same in style, let alone
substance.
10803 We think it would
be a good idea that they be encouraged to build upon their successes in local
coverage because that has become an important part of the system. It is something that should grow and allowing
some advertising reward, provided a substantial portion of it was plowed back
into programmatic expenditures, would be in their interests and would be
rewarding their good behaviour.
10804 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Do you have any concern or do
you think we would have a difficulty in monitoring that?
10805 I am thinking
specifically of the idea that 80 percent be plowed back into programming.
10806 MR. MORRISON: I think in general terms a regulator with a
licensed industry, you have taken the position that you should rely on people
much as one would rely on an adult to keep their word. But you do need to have audits and spot
checks and things of that nature for people who are not doing what they ought
to be doing.
10807 As the system
matures, I would like to hope that you could supervise this with a light hand,
relying upon the goodwill and integrity of the licensed parties, in that
someone who decides to cheat or through inadvertence does not do what they
should do might be discovered and then of course the light of scrutiny would be
on their operation for some time to go into the future.
10808 In other words,
they are incentives to behave, I think.
10809 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Certainly we are complaints
driven, so the public, if they weren't satisfied or were suspicious, they could
raise a question.
10810 I wanted to
pursue, because when I read the written submission and hearing your remarks again
today about the existing and historical fee structure should not be considered
sacrosanct, were you considering a reallocation of the fees?
10811 MR. MORRISON: Again, this is a place where ideas are in
play, aren't they.
10812 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Yes.
10813 MR. MORRISON: So the idea that forever, going forward into
the fourth millennium, an entity known as TSN should have $1.07 from every
Canadian does not appeal to us.
10814 It does strike me
that there is room for some form of rationalization. It may be something that you would address in
another hearing process, as you have divided your attention between them.
10815 It is a worthy
question for your Commission to address, rather than to take all of those fees
as sacrosanct.
10816 COMMISSIONER DUNCAN: Thank you.
10817 Here today you are
mentioning again the alternate scenario about having the over‑the‑air
broadcast fees going to CBC. But today
when I read it, it is broadcasters are encouraged to allocate their share.
10818 I am wondering, do
you think it would really work if we had a hybrid? In other words, some broadcasters would say
yes, this is a good idea and others wouldn't?
10819 Would it have to
be all or nothing?
10820 MR. MORRISON: This would be a major change in public
policy, wouldn't it.
10821 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Yes.
10822 MR. MORRISON: It is possible that the Government of Canada
might have a view on the topic as well.
10823 This is just
tossing out an idea which seems to us potentially to be a win‑win‑win
scenario. It would be something that
would require a substantial buy‑in from private sector broadcasters were
it to happen.
10824 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Thank you very much, Mr.
Morrison. Your comments have been
helpful.
10825 Thank you, Mr.
Chairman.
10826 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Mr. Morrison, obviously you
didn't comment in your oral presentation, but one of the scenarios that has
been put to us by the over‑the‑air broadcaster is at the time of
digital transmission not to implement transmitters and replace the transmitters
that they have currently across the land.
10827 There are
obviously two scenarios. One is total
distribution through the BDUs, and another scenario is what they call an hybrid
solution, with over‑the‑air transmission only in the major markets.
10828 What are the views
of Friends on these proposals?
10829 MR. MORRISON: Well, one, that you should be very
cautious. And I'm not suggesting that
your Commission has demonstrated behaviour that was incautious. But you should be very cautious because when
you disaggregate the Canadians who are currently relying on over‑the‑air
transmission, you find, for example, that they are more likely to be
francophone than anglophone; that they are more likely to have lower
incomes. They are more likely to suffer
from certain types of geographical or cultural isolation.
10830 In other words,
they are among the more needy of our fellow citizens and therefore respectfully
enabling them to make the bridge over a period of time to a situation where
there are not over‑the‑air transmitters, digital or otherwise, in
their areas, time is going to be a factor here.
10831 On the other hand,
there is also a question of a waste or the best use of limited funds that are
available in the system that you are regulating between duplicating hardware
and programming.
10832 Those are the
factors. I'm not sure I'm advancing the
ball up the field very much in response to your question there.
10833 But because of
those factors, the Steering Committee of the Friends of Canadian Broadcasting
is kind of one the one hand/on the other hand about this. When you are in a situation where you are
being urged towards something that would be a radical change, I would counsel
caution from our perspective and thinking of time as a variable that should not
be compressed.
10834 THE
CHAIRPERSON: APTN, to take one example,
has told us during this hearing that they are already not broadcasting over the
air in some northern communities because the transmitter equipment is a total
loss and they don't have the mean to replace them. So they are pushing their subscribers towards
the BDUs.
10835 It is my
understanding, while it wasn't stated here, that the CBC is facing a similar
situation in similar areas.
10836 Obviously up in
the north we could say that is where the needy are. They are all over the planet, but obviously
there are a lot of them over there. It
seems that the broadcasters don't seem to have the financial ability to
maintain all their services as they used to do because of financial
constraints.
10837 In some areas
like ‑‑ well, we are told in the more remote communities, BDU
subscription is almost close to 100 percent.
It is in the major markets where the over‑the‑air service is
still a very valuable service for a good portion of the subscribers that
were ‑‑ and I've heard numbers like up to 23 per cent of over‑the‑air
subscribers in a market like Montreal, while in some more smaller places it's
less than five.
10838 So, do you
think ‑‑
10839 MR. MORRISON: It's all a ‑‑ it's
troubling. It is an element of no‑win
to the situation. Learning from the
experience of others, we have been ‑‑ Friends, we have been
watching some of the experience of smaller market American television over‑the‑air
transmitters, for example, in the Public Broadcasting System in rural Texas,
places like that, and it has been a real struggle for them to find the capital
cost and it may be that government policy will have to intervene to subsidize
some of these ‑‑ some of these transformations.
10840 But it is a
difficult conundrum that you're facing and my operating advice, just repeating,
is caution.
10841 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Well, thank you very much,
Mr. Morrison, for your presentation and we'll move to the next intervener.
10842 LA
SECRÉTAIRE: Merci, monsieur le
président.
10843 Nous appellerons
maintenant le Syndicat des communications de Radio‑Canada s'ils sont
présents dans la salle. On m'a dit ce
matin qu'il y avait un problème dans le trafic, alors peut‑être qu'on
peut y revenir un peu plus tard.
10844 On va procéder
avec la Coalition pour la radiotélévision publique francophone, s'ils sont
présents, s'il vous plaît.
‑‑ Pause
10845 LA
SECRÉTAIRE: Alors, bonjour,
messieurs. Si vous pouviez peut‑être
vous introduire pour notre comité puis vous aurez dix minutes pour votre
présentation puis peut‑être peser sur le piton pour votre micro. Merci.
*PRÉSENTATION / PRESENTATION
10846 M. MORIN: Alors, bonjour. Je suis Sylvio Morin, le porte‑parole
officiel de la Coalition pour la radiotélévision publique francophone et dans
la vie de tous les jours je suis un employé contractuel à Téléquébec à
Montréal.
10847 Avec moi,
Alexandre Boulerice du Service de l'information du Syndicat canadien de la
fonction publique et membre du comité directeur de la Coalition.
10848 Alors, merci
d'abord de nous entendre ce matin.
10849 Alors, la
Coalition pour la radiotélévision publique francophone a vu le jour le 14
décembre 2005 à l'initiative des syndicats et des associations d'employés du
réseau français, radio et télévision, de Radio‑Canada ainsi que de
Téléquébec.
10850 Elle est formée
d'individus et d'organismes représentant divers secteurs de la société
québécoise et canadienne qui considère la radiotélévision publique comme un
service essentiel, un outil privilégié de la démocratie et du développement
collectif.
10851 Les objectifs de
la Coalition. La Coalition veut
sensibiliser la population et faire pression sur le décideur public afin
d'obtenir que cesse toute forme d'affaiblissement de la radiotélévision
publique francophone;
qu'un débat public ait lieu sur
l'avenir de la radiotélévision publique francophone; que la radiotélévision
publique francophone soit financée de façon stable et adéquate; que le
financement public de la production indépendante privée ne se fasse pas au
détriment des diffuseurs publics francophones;
que le système de financement public
de la production télévisuelle francophone soit révisé afin d'accorder aux
diffuseurs accès à toutes les subventions à la production;
que la télévision publique
francophone puisse avoir les moyens de promouvoir une production‑maison
de qualité distincte centrée sur son bien le plus précieux : la tradition et le
savoir‑faire de ses artisanes et de ses artisans afin de conserver notre
patrimoine culturel.
10852 Là‑dessus,
j'indiquerais que, alors qu'à Radio‑Canada la production‑maison en
télévision générale ne représente plus que 11 pour cent des heures totales de
diffusion pour la saison 2005‑2006, et ça, c'est en dehors du service de
l'information. C'est moins de 10 pour
cent de la grille qui est alimentée par la production interne à Téléquébec pour
la même saison.
10853 Et, enfin, que la
population de toutes les régions et les divers groupes de la société québécoise
et canadienne puissent bénéficier de service de qualité pluraliste et sans
frais de la part des télédiffuseurs publics.
10854 M. BOULERICE: Voyons maintenant quel est le portrait actuel
des télévisions publiques. À CBC Radio‑Canada,
les subventions versées par Ottawa sont passées entre 1994 et 2004 de 946
millions de dollars à 877 millions par année.
10855 Chez Téléquébec,
les subventions gouvernementales destinées aux télédiffuseurs ont diminué de 40
pour cent dollars courants, alors qu'en dollars constants la baisse est encore
plus importante.
10856 Plus récemment,
soit en juin 2006, Téléquébec a mis à pied près de 130 employés et cessé toute
production à partir de ses studios de Montréal, tout ceci alors que les coûts
de production n'ont cessé de croître.
10857 Le désengagement
progressif des gouvernements envers les télévisions publiques s'est transposé
par un appui public à la production télévisuelle indépendante à partir du début
des années 1980 afin de développer chez cette dernière une industrie forte.
10858 On compte
aujourd'hui une vingtaine de programmes de financement de productions
télévisuelles dont les plus connus et importants sont le Fonds canadien de
télévision, Téléfilm Canada, les Crédits d'impôts du Québec et du Canada ainsi
que la SODEC.
10859 Une étude menée
par Amed Naciri, professeur titulaire à l'UQAM pour le compte du Syndicat
canadien de la fonction publique révèle qu'au Québec seulement quelque $180
millions de dollars de fonds fédéraux et provinciaux sont versés chaque année
pour la production télévisuelle privée.
10860 L'étude indique
également que : *Seuls, les producteurs indépendants
eux‑mêmes mettent peu ou pas la main à la poche. Un maigre 3,29 pour cent de l'ensemble des
devis pour l'exercice 2002‑20003 et c'est une proportion qui n'a cessé de
baisser.
10861 En effet, en
1998‑99 la SODEC faisait état d'une participation de quatre pour cent
alors qu'elle avait déjà dépassé les 11 pour cent en 1995‑96.+
10862 Une autre enquête
commandée par la Fédération nationale des communications en arrive à une
conclusion complémentaire; c'est‑à‑dire que :
*Malgré ces avantages globaux, la
politique télévisuelle gouvernementale telle que connue ne propose toujours pas
un traitement équitable des deux structures de production : celle des
producteurs et celle des télédiffuseurs.
Avec cette admissibilité de cloisonner
au programme de financement, les gouvernements ne permettent pas au jeu de la
concurrence de déterminer quel mode de production serait le moins cher pour la
société. Une émission plus chère
produite par les indépendants peut être privilégiée car elle aura droit à des
crédits d'impôts que la production‑maison n'aura pas. Ce traitement distinct pouvait avoir
certaines justifications au départ pour permettre l'essor d'une jeune et
fragile industrie, mais cette dernière a maintenant davantage de revenus que la
télévision et son niveau de rentabilité en fonction des ventes est comparable.
Les règles distinctes du jeu ne
semblent plus avoir leur place."
10863 Ainsi, la
stratégie gouvernementale a forcé les télédiffuseurs publics face au manque à
gagner à réduire substantiellement la production interne et à avoir recours aux
producteurs indépendants pour combler les heures dans la grille de
programmation, lesquels producteurs indépendants bénéficient de fonds publics,
FCT, crédits d'impôts, et caetera, n'investissent pour ainsi dire rien, surtout
pas en capitalisation d'infrastructure profitant plus souvent qu'autrement des
studios de production des télévisions publiques, sont assurés d'un pourcentage
de profits ainsi que des droits de propriété et autres que ceux de la
télévision.
10864 Nous pourrions
paraphraser Guy A. Lepage, animateur de *Tout le monde en parle+ en nous demandant : *Manon, combien ça coûte aux
contribuables quand tu pèses sur le piton+.
10865 Les télédiffuseurs
publics longtemps accusés par les producteurs privés de concurrence déloyale en
raison de leur financement gouvernemental sont aujourd'hui dépendants des
institutions privées dont les règles d'appui des gouvernements ont créé un
déséquilibre inacceptable qui met en péril la radiodiffusion publique.
10866 M. MORIN: En conclusion, pour la Coalition, l'effet
démontre clairement que les télédiffuseurs généralistes et publics sont encore
et toujours au coeur même du système canadien de radiodiffusion et qu'ils en
garantissent la spécificité.
10867 Le système actuel
ne peut exister sans l'intervention substantielle des pouvoirs publics dans son
financement, que cette intervention se fasse par l'intermédiaire des fonds
subventionnaires ou des télédiffuseurs généralistes et publics.
10868 Le cadre
réglementaire du système canadien de télédiffusion devrait refléter cette
réalité, à notre avis, incontournable.
10869 Plus
spécifiquement, la Coalition est d'avis que les télédiffuseurs généralistes et
publics devraient avoir le même accès aux fonds subventionnaires et aux mêmes
conditions que les producteurs dits indépendants.
10870 De plus, les
droits de diffusion des productions subventionnées devraient appartenir aux
institutions qui en assument le financement et le risque commercial, à savoir
les fonds subventionnaires et les télédiffuseurs généralistes et publics.
10871 L'évolution
technologique fait en sorte qu'il est possible que les productions financées
par les pouvoirs publics et dont le risque commercial est assumé par les
télédiffuseurs généralistes et publics en viennent à cannibaliser le système
canadien de radiodiffusion si elles sont largement diffusées par des médias non
réglementés comme, par exemple, internet.
10872 Le Conseil devrait
aussi établir des recommandations ou exigences quant au financement public
stable et pluriannuel des télédiffuseurs généralistes et publics qui, placés
comme ils le sont au coeur même du système canadien de radiodiffusion, sont
fiduciaires et garants du bien public que sont les productions presque entièrement
subventionnées qui forment l'essence même de l'identité de l'industrie
audiovisuelle canadienne.
10873 Enfin, la
Coalition est aussi d'avis que le CRTC doit insister auprès des pouvoirs
publics et des télédiffuseurs généralistes et publics afin que ces derniers
effectuent eux‑mêmes une partie significative de la production
audiovisuelle qu'ils diffusent afin de maintenir un niveau de concurrence et de
qualité élevée de par toute l'industrie.
10874 Merci beaucoup.
10875 LE PRÉSIDENT: Merci, monsieur Morin. Monsieur French.
10876 CONSEILLER
FRENCH: Monsieur Morin, monsieur
Boulerice, merci. Je vais d'abord vous
remercier de la clarté de votre intervention dont les objectifs sont, on ne
peut plus, clairs et bien articulés. Ce
n'est pas toujours le cas et on apprécie votre intervention dans ce sens‑là.
10877 M. MORIN: Merci.
10878 CONSEILLER
FRENCH: J'aimerais commencer avec ce qui
me paraît un peu problématique non seulement dans vos revendications puis dans
plusieurs des revendications que nous avons entendues depuis une semaine et
demie, soit la problématique suivante :
10879 Les pouvoirs
publics, les gouvernements provinciaux et fédéral ont, on a entendu à maintes
reprises, réduit de façon significative le financement de leurs télédiffuseurs
et on invite le CRTC de palier à cette carence de financement.
10880 Voici la
difficulté que je vois dans cela. C'est
en quoi une instance réglementaire, tributaire ultimement dans ce cas‑ci
du gouvernement qui a décidé de ne pas financer Radio‑Canada au niveau
que vous et d'autres porte‑paroles voudraient bien le voir financer, en
quoi le CRTC a‑t‑il la légitimité de dire aux parlementaires, c'est
vrai que vous avez financé Radio‑Canada à un niveau X ou Téléquébec à
l'Assemblée Nationale au niveau X, nous on connaît mieux que ça et on utilise
nos pouvoirs d'instance réglementaire indépendants d'augmenter ce financement‑là
de façon significative?
10881 Je vois là un
problème d'imputabilité publique alors que l'instance la plus imputable et la
plus directement liée à la population dit : ce financement‑là n'est pas
plus; nous, on dit : bien, nous on connaît mieux que ça et augmente le
financement?
10882 M. MORIN: Je pense là‑dessus qu'au même titre que
le CRTC ‑‑ je comprends que ce n'est pas le CRTC qui adopte
les budgets de Radio‑Canada et non plus de Téléquébec ou de TV‑Ontario,
TFO ‑‑ cependant, au même titre que le CRTC avait donné des
indications au gouvernement à l'époque pour justement créer une industrie
indépendante privée forte et avait, dans ses indications réglementaires et dans
sa politique sur la radiotélédiffusion canadienne, demandé ou fait en sorte
que... demandé au gouvernement notamment fédéral de faire en sorte d'appuyer
financièrement ces éléments‑là.
10883 Ce n'est pas le
CRTC qui a adopté les budgets en tant que tels, mais le CRTC a quand même
envoyé une indication aux instances, aux politiciens, à cet effet‑là de
donner de la place non seulement entre les diffuseurs publics, mais de vouloir
créer une industrie télédiffusion forte.
10884 Et je me rappelle
à l'époque, si je ne me trompe pas, c'était monsieur Perrin Beattie qui
avait... qui était Ministre des communications à l'époque, qui avait présidé à
une table sur l'avenir de la télévision canadienne où public et privé étaient
là, et c'est à partir de ça qu'on a notamment créé les principaux programmes
gouvernementaux.
10885 Là où on dit que
le CRTC pourrait agir, c'est en envoyant une indication quant à l'importance
des services publics de télévision. Oui,
il y a l'industrie privée, oui, c'est important, mais il y a un service public
financé à même les deniers publics par tous les contribuables et envoyer une
indication à l'effet qu'en ayant un financement stable pour Radio‑Canada,
pour Téléquébec, pour ceux qui sont les publics, ça permettrait justement
d'avoir un réseau public qui est capable d'offrir une programmation qui ne
varie pas d'une année à l'autre ou qui est tributaire des décisions
gouvernementales.
10886 Et dans ce sens‑là,
on pourrait, d'une certaine manière j'appellerais ça *enlever la politicaillerie à l'égard
de nos réseaux publics+ et faire en sorte d'avoir une
certaine indépendance politique.
10887 Mais je pense que
le CRTC ‑‑ je sais que ce n'est pas vous qui adoptez les
budgets, mais je pense que le CRTC peut envoyer un signal très fort auprès du
gouvernement fédéral, notamment, à cet égard‑là.
10888 CONSEILLER FRENCH
: Alors, il y avait beaucoup d'éléments dans cette réponse‑là, Monsieur
Morin, et je suis convaincu que mon collègue monsieur Arpin pourrait peut‑être
nous éclairer, ou notre personnel, mais j'avais l'impression qu'à l'origine, le
penchant favorable vers la production indépendante, d'abord, datait d'avant
Perrin. Je suis pas mal sûr que c'était
Francis Fox.
10889 M. MORIN : C'était
avant.
10890 CONSEILLER FRENCH
: Oui.
10891 M. MORIN : C'était
avant, mais la grosse mise sur pied, ça été monsieur Beatty qui l'a...
10892 CONSEILLER FRENCH
: O.K.
10893 LE PRÉSIDENT : En
fait, pour fin de clarification, c'est la portion du financement du
gouvernement fédéral qui est venue dans la foulée du rapport Peters...
10894 M. MORIN : Oui.
10895 LE PRÉSIDENT :
...et c'est à l'époque où Perrin Beatty était ministre des Communications.
10896 CONSEILLER FRENCH
: Mais je ne suis pas sûr non plus que c'était la... je ne veux pas contester
l'histoire, juste pour les fins de la cause là.
10897 M. MORIN : Je me
trompe peut‑être là, mais, en tout cas, dans les...
10898 CONSEILLER FRENCH
: Oui, mais c'est intéressant de savoir d'où est venue cette impulsion là,
quand même.
10899 M. MORIN : Oui.
10900 CONSEILLER FRENCH
: Je pense que le CRTC était partie prenante, je ne suis pas sûr qui était la
source ultime, mais, en tout cas, on a...
10901 M. MORIN : Oui.
10902 CONSEILLER FRENCH
: Ce que vous nous dites là, si j'ai bien compris, c'est que ce n'est pas nos
pouvoirs réglementaires auxquels vous faites appel, c'est plutôt notre pouvoir
d'éclaireur, ou de porte‑parole informé ou de diagnosticien sur l'état de
la situation, que vous nous demandez d'utiliser afin de soulever ou hausser la
pertinence de cette question‑là autour des pouvoirs publics; est‑ce
que c'est juste de faire cette distinction‑là, et c'est ça que vous
voulez qu'on fasse?
10903 M. MORIN : Oui.
10904 M. BOULERICE :
Entre autres, oui. Vous avez un pouvoir,
une influence morale, un rôle prépondérant en ce qui concerne, évidemment, tout
ce qui touche la télédiffusion au Canada, et je pense que vous pouvez user et
utiliser de cette voix, de cette parole que vous avez.
10905 Mais également,
vous pouvez aussi poser des gestes concrets pour aider le rôle public de
télédiffusion au Canada, entre autres choses, sur la question des redevances
accessibles aux télévisions généralistes, dont Radio‑Canada, et entre
autres choses ici, en rééquilibrant les règles du jeu en ce qui concerne la
production d'émissions de télévision, qui, à notre avis, favorise indûment les
producteurs indépendants, qui leur a donné beaucoup de place, sans
nécessairement créer une industrie réellement indépendante.
10906 Quand les
investisseurs privés mettent moins de 4 pour cent du budget total dans les
devis, pour nous, ce n'est pas une production réellement privée ou
indépendante, et on vous demande de permettre aux télévisions généralistes,
dont Radio‑Canada, d'avoir accès aux mêmes sources de revenus, aux mêmes
crédits d'impôt, aux mêmes subventions que les producteurs indépendants, afin
de pouvoir réellement redonner un rôle aux artisans et artisanes de Radio‑Canada,
et de Télé Québec au Québec, de leur permettre de reprendre leur place en ce
qui concerne la diversité, la créativité et l'audace d'une télévision publique
qui doit jouer sa place, qui a une mission particulière et qui doit jouer sa
place dans l'environnement télévisuel.
10907 C'est, pour nous,
une question de qualité de télévision, de diversité, d'innovation aussi
parfois, quand on regarde la grille horaire, les programmations des chaînes
privées ou des chaînes publiques, et c'est également, pour nous, une question
d'utilisation des droits d'exploitation, des nouvelles plates‑formes de
diffusion. C'est plus facile quand les
droits sont déjà acquis à la maison, à l'interne, quand c'est produit à
l'interne, et ensuite de ça, on peut exploiter le produit sous diverses formes
plus facilement.
10908 Et c'est aussi une
question de patrimoine culturel et de mémoire.
L'année passée, il y a une émission très populaire au Québec, qui était
diffusée à Radio‑Canada, qui était basée uniquement sur les archives de
Radio‑Canada, une émission qui, peut‑être, sera impossible à faire
dans 20 ans, parce que les émissions seront disséminées dans 20 maisons de
production différentes, et qui seront peut‑être disparues à ce moment‑là,
et il y a toute la question de la mémoire de notre patrimoine télévisuel qui
est aussi en jeu dans ces questions‑là.
Il y a une question de production, de qualité, mais également de
patrimoine pour l'avenir.
10909 M. MORIN :
J'ajouterais là‑dessus... excusez‑nous si nos réponses sont
longues, mais on en a beaucoup à dire.
10910 J'ajouterais là‑dessus
que, pour compléter aussi, s'il y a une télévision, c'est parce qu'il y a un
public qui est devant, il y a des gens qui l'écoutent, et les télévisions
publiques ont un rôle particulier à jouer pour répondre aussi aux mandats qui
leur ont été donnés par des lois constitutives.
10911 Radio‑Canada
est constituée par une loi, et la même chose pour Télé‑Québec, la même
chose pour TV Ontario. Ils ont des
mandats spécifiques afin de répondre aussi à des besoins spécifiques de
clientèles, qui ne seront pas desservies nécessairement par les réseaux privés,
parce que, dans le réseau privé, c'est beaucoup la recherche de la cote
d'écoute.
10912 Des émissions * Millionnaire +, * Deux fois millionnaire +, pour un apport publicitaire, oui,
effectivement, ça répond à un besoin de la société, mais il y a des publics
plus distincts, plus restreints, qui ne sont pas desservis par les réseaux
privés, que vont desservir, par exemple, des réseaux comme Radio‑Canada
et Télé‑Québec, et ces gens‑là ont le droit d'avoir accès à des
programmes qui leur ressemblent.
10913 Même si la cote
d'écoute est à 25 000, 30 000, ça ne veut pas dire que ce n'est pas une
émission de qualité, et ça ne veut pas dire que ces gens‑là n'ont pas le
droit d'avoir accès à ce type d'émission‑là, parce que si c'est toujours
motivé par la cote d'écoute, tout ce qu'on aura à l'écran, dorénavant, ce
seront des * Loft Story +, des * Star Académie +, et compagnie. Alors, un moment donné, on estime que ça
devient aussi un appauvrissement. Il y a
des niches, des créneaux, des publics qui ont droit.
10914 Et tant qu'à être
dans ma lancée, je dirais que nous, nous sommes favorables au maintien d'un
système de diffusion hertzienne dans le cas de Radio‑Canada, parce que,
au Canada, 10 pour cent de la population n'est pas branchée au câble, ni au service
satellitaire. C'est le cas de 12 pour
cent de la population québécoise, et c'est le cas de 20 pour cent de la
population montréalaise, et ce sont des gens qui contribuent au financement que
sont Radio‑Canada et Télé‑Québec.
10915 Et ces gens‑là
ont droit d'avoir accès au service de télévision, parce que la
cablôdistribution et le service satellitaire, ce n'est pas un service essentiel
dans la vie, et au coût où c'est rendu, et si jamais ça augmente de plus en
plus, un, il va y avoir un désabonnement des gens qui sont capables de se le
payer, et deux, on va de plus en plus appauvrir les gens qui sont de plus en
plus pauvres et qui n'ont pas accès à ces services‑là. Donc, il y a un maintien essentiel
nécessaire.
10916 On comprend le
virement par rapport à la technologie numérique, mais la loi... par rapport à
Radio‑Canada et Télé‑Québec, on est heureux que Télé‑Québec
veuille maintenir son système par voie hertzienne, mais dans le cas de Radio‑Canada,
il faut que ça soit maintenu pour l'ensemble des Canadiens, qu'ils puissent
avoir accès à ce service public.
‑‑‑ Rires /
Laughter
10917 CONSEILLER FRENCH
: Bon, les productions indépendantes, on va y arriver. Redevances qui étaient disponibles à Radio‑Canada...
10918 Monsieur
Boulerice, vous avez axé votre intervention sur deux choses. Avant de commencer sur la production
indépendante, et je vais y arriver, vous avez parlé d'axer aux redevances dont
Radio‑Canada avait...
10919 Could you spell it
out for me, parce que je ne l'ai pas suivi?
Excusez‑moi.
10920 M. BOULERICE :
Oui, oui. C'est une question qui a été
soulevée à quelques reprises la semaine dernière. C'est les redevances sur les frais
d'abonnement sont uniquement distribuées pour les télévisions spécialisées en
ce moment...
10921 CONSEILLER FRENCH
: Oui.
10922 M. BOULERICE :
...et nous, on estime que les télévisions généralistes, y compris Radio‑Canada,
devraient aussi y avoir accès, devraient aussi recevoir des redevances.
10923 Il y a plusieurs
groupes qui sont venus aussi vous demander la même chose. Je sais que Quebecor est venu vous demander
la même chose, en excluant Radio‑Canada, et nous, on dit oui pour les
télévisions généralistes, mais, évidemment, en incluant la société publique.
10924 CONSEILLER FRENCH
: Et je vous ai posé une question, que je considère importante, d'imputabilité
publique par rapport au rôle du CRTC.
J'avais compris que vous avez dit : d'accord, on ne vous demande pas
d'utiliser vos pouvoirs dans le sens strict du terme, mais plutôt votre rôle de
porte‑parole public, et d'analyste public et d'éclaireur public, à la
faveur des télévisions publiques. C'est
ce que je comprenais.
10925 Mais là, on
revient encore. Vous voulez également...
10926 M. BOULERICE :
Également.
10927 CONSEILLER FRENCH
: Bon.
10928 M. BOULERICE : Les
deux.
10929 CONSEILLER FRENCH
: Nonobstant le fait que les parlements, l'Assemblée nationale et le Parlement
du Canada, ont décidé qu'un certain niveau de financement était adéquat pour
les télévisions publiques, vous jugez approprié que nous, on fasse une espèce
de deuxième regard et on dise : on connaît mieux que vous, parlementaires, quel
devrait être le niveau de financement de la télévision publique, et on amène un
apport additionnel de X millions de dollars?
10930 M. BOULERICE : Je
pense que sans dire aux parlementaires que vous êtes plus compétents ou
connaissants qu'eux en ce qui concerne le système de télédiffusion au Canada,
je pense que vous êtes en mesure de faire un plaidoyer en faveur du rôle et de
l'importance des services publics de télévision au Canada.
10931 CONSEILLER FRENCH
: Oui, mais, dans le fond, soyons honnêtes là, vous nous demandez d'utiliser
nos pouvoirs réglementaires pour augmenter le financement des télévisions
publiques et non pas simplement de faire un discours à la faveur de cette
option‑là pour les parlementaires?
10932 M. MORIN : Ce
qu'on dit, Monsieur French, ce n'est pas... on ne parle pas nécessairement
d'augmenter les revenus que... les subventionnaires du système étatique.
10933 On demande, en
particulier, que ça soit un financement stable et pluriannuel, c'est‑à‑dire
que les budgets de Radio‑Canada et de Télé‑Québec soient adoptés
sur une base de trois ans ou de cinq ans, pour faire en sorte que ces réseaux‑là
puissent avoir une stabilité financière, savoir exactement le montant qu'elles
vont avoir chaque année des gouvernements pour établir leurs services.
10934 L'autre élément,
c'est à savoir le manque à gagner. Comme
les gouvernements se sont retirés petit à petit des services publics, le manque
à gagner financier, nous, ce qu'on dit, c'est les télévisions publiques, au
même titre que les privées, devraient avoir aussi droit aux fonds
subventionnaires de l'état, soit fédéral et provincial, parce que, comme le
disait Alexandre, c'est faux de dire que c'est la télévision indépendante, elle
est très dépendante des fonds publics, et c'est faux de dire de plus en plus
que c'est la télévision privée, la télévision privée ne fait plus rien, en
dehors d'informations, sans, d'abord, s'assurer d'avoir accès aux fonds publics,
soit au Fonds canadien, soit aux crédits d'impôt.
10935 Alors, qu'on
arrête... monsieur Péladeau me fait bien pleurer à l'entendre que c'est
inadmissible que Radio‑Canada obtient des fonds publics, puis que lui, il
n'ait que l'entreprise privée. C'est
archi‑faux, absolument faux.
10936 Les audiences
actuelles... c'est justement pour examiner et faire le bilan de ce qui en est,
puis regarder là. La première chose
qu'on voit au générique des émissions, c'est crédit d'impôt Canada, crédit
d'impôt Québec, Fonds canadien de télévision, Fonds Rogers, fonds... bon. Ce ne sont que des fonds publics qui viennent
alimenter le privé.
10937 Alors,
rétablissons les règles pour que tout le monde soit sur le même pied d'égalité,
redevances des câblos et des satellitaires et accès aux fonds publics. C'est ce qu'on dit.
‑‑‑ Rires /
Laughter
10938 CONSEILLER FRENCH
: Alors là, je démissionne sur la tentative de disséquer les différents
éléments en détail. On va oublier les
redevances. On va parler de production
indépendante.
10939 Dans le fond,
votre discours, il est à l'effet que, compte tenu de la maigre contribution des
producteurs indépendants, soit moins de 5 pour cent des coûts de production,
vous vous questionnez sur le fait que tous les droits relèvent, néanmoins, de
ces mêmes producteurs indépendants, et vous jugez que, pour plusieurs motifs et
plusieurs raisons, dont le fait que le système se prive des talents des gens
qui travaillent directement pour les télédiffuseurs publics, il est nécessaire
d'enlever les barrières et les critères qui font en sorte que, à votre avis,
les producteurs indépendants sont favorisés dans le processus d'allocation de
fonds, que ce soit publics ou autres, pour le financement de la production?
10940 M. BOULERICE :
C'est exactement cela.
‑‑‑ Rires /
Laughter
10941 CONSEILLER FRENCH
: D'accord. J'ai appris quelque chose au
moins là des discours.
‑‑‑ Rires /
Laughter
10942 CONSEILLER FRENCH
: J'ai saisi quelque chose.
10943 La seule
problématique qui se pose pour nous dans tout cela... pas la seule, mais une
problématique qui se pose pour nous là‑dedans, c'est quel est l'équilibre
approprié.
10944 Un de vos
objectifs, c'est que le financement public de la production indépendante privée
ne se fasse pas au détriment des diffuseurs publics francophones. Je comprends ce que vous voulez dire, sauf
que ça ne crée pas une ligne qui nous dit, ah! c'est injuste, ah! c'est
approprié. Le jugement est subjectif, ultimement.
10945 M. BOULERICE : Ce
qu'on dit essentiellement, c'est qu'une fois que les artisans du télédiffuseur
public ont accès aux mêmes fonds, crédits, subventions, que les producteurs
indépendants, pour nous, on vient de rentrer dans une situation équitable, où
les artisans du réseau public vont avoir la chance de faire valoir leur talent,
leur créativité, leur productivité également, et à partir de ce moment‑là,
le gestionnaire décidera s'il fait appel aux producteurs indépendants ou s'il
fait appel à une production à l'interne, et ça sera un choix qui sera fait, sur
une base équitable, égalitaire, entre les deux systèmes ou deux groupes de
production.
10946 On ne dit pas ça
doit être 50 pour cent des producteurs indépendants, puis 50 pour cent de
production interne, ou 75/25, ou deux tiers/un tiers. Ce n'est pas ça, pour nous, un
équilibre. L'équilibre, c'est les mêmes
règles du jeu pour tous, et ensuite de ça, que le meilleur produit l'emporte.
10947 CONSEILLER FRENCH
: Monsieur Boulerice, je ne veux pas sembler mettre des embûches devant vous
tout le temps là, mais est‑ce évident que les coûts de production
internes peuvent être comptabilisés aussi facilement que les coûts de
production externes? Est‑ce qu'on
peut être certain que dans les coûts de production proposés par les maisons
publiques, que le coût des équipements et d'immeubles impliqués, qui sont déjà
la propriété du proposeur, va être comptabilisé de façon équitable par rapport
à la nécessité que vont avoir les producteurs indépendants pour produire la
même émission?
10948 M. BOULERICE :
Effectivement, on pourrait se questionner sur cet enjeu‑là. Par contre, je vous dirais qu'en ce qui
concerne les questions d'imputabilité, puis de pouvoir vérifier quels sont les
coûts réels de production, selon moi, les réseaux publics, par leur obligation
de transparence, sont déjà dans une situation avantageuse en ce qui concerne
les contribuables, puis en ce qui concerne l'évaluation des coûts globaux, par
rapport aux producteurs privés, qui peuvent conserver pour eux plusieurs
informations, et dont la transparence n'est pas nécessairement la première
qualité.
10949 CONSEILLER FRENCH
: Vous dites que vous êtes inquiet de l'impact de la diffusion de la
programmation par les nouveaux médias, mais avez‑vous l'impression que,
actuellement, la diffusion de la programmation sur les nouveaux médias a un
effet significatif sur le visionnement des programmes par la télévision dite
conventionnelle dans le sens large, c'est‑à‑dire la radiodiffusion,
telle qu'on la connaît, spécialisée, conventionnelle, et caetera?
10950 M. MORIN : On ne possède
pas nécessairement de données. On n'a
pas fait faire d'enquêtes spécifiques à cet égard‑là. Tout semble... en tout cas, si on lit
différents articles, différents éléments de la situation, effectivement, tout
semble porter vers d'autres plates‑formes que sont, notamment, internet.
10951 À cet égard‑là,
j'aimerais mentionner que Radio‑Canada a compris un peu la donne et a
fait un virage quand même assez important dans ce qu'on appellerait peut‑être
une certaine convergence vers les nouvelles plates‑formes que sont
internet.
10952 Notamment, je
parle en particulier pour le réseau français, que je connais mieux, et là‑dessus,
il faut donner le ton, il faut, effectivement, faire en sorte que, en tout cas,
pour la télévision publique, ça puisse être un élément important, parce que les
téléspectateurs s'en vont vers d'autres plates‑formes, notamment, les
jeunes, beaucoup vers internet. Il doit,
effectivement, y avoir une convergence pour faire en sorte qu'il n'y a pas une
perte trop d'auditoire.
10953 Je ne sais pas si
je réponds bien à votre question, mais je n'ai pas réfléchi à la question plus
qu'il faut. Puis, comme je vous dis, je
ne possède pas de données spécifiques, mais il y a une tendance notable et
marquée là‑dessus, bon, télévision numérique, haute définition, plate‑forme
internet.
10954 Demain matin, on
va pouvoir utiliser son téléphone cellulaire pour se faire cuire un oeuf le
matin. C'est rendu assez... ça va vite,
merci là. Alors, là‑dessus, c'est
difficile, des fois, de suivre toute l'évolution.
10955 M. BOULERICE :
Juste un petit ajout.
10956 Je pense qu'on
peut remarquer, quand même, dans les cinq ou les 10 dernières années, peut‑être
plus dans les cinq dernières années, un certain effritement de l'auditoire des
émissions qui * tirent + le plus, et c'est déjà arrivé, des
émissions qui, au Québec, avaient deux millions et demie, trois millions de
personnes qui les écoutaient. C'est
extrêmement rare maintenant. Quand on
dépasse le million, c'est assez exceptionnel, puis deux millions, maintenant,
c'est rendu un peu hors norme.
10957 Alors, il y a un
certain effritement du maximum d'auditoire que les grandes émissions très
rassembleuses pouvaient aller tirer, donc, des revenus de publicité, également,
qui y étaient rattachés.
10958 Par contre, est‑ce
qu'il y a une corrélation entre ce phénomène‑là et les nouvelles
technologies? J'avoue que nous n'avons
pas de réponse définitive à ce sujet‑là, mais on peut être porté à le
croire, qu'effectivement les deux sont liés.
10959 M. MORIN : Moi qui
suis père de famille de deux grands adolescents, je constate leurs habitudes
d'écoute, et effectivement, les nouvelles plates‑formes sont très
attirantes pour... en tout cas, pour mes enfants là. Je pense que c'est le cas de plusieurs jeunes
à travers le Québec et le Canada, et c'est un élément où, en tant que
téléspectateur et consommateur de télévision, bien, il y a une tendance notable
là‑dessus, et je pense que les télévisions publiques et généralistes et
tout le monde, on n'aura pas le choix que de suivre là‑dessus.
10960 Je donnais
l'exemple de Radio‑Canada parce que je trouve qu'ils ont effectué un bon
virage de convergence de leurs services publics, tant radio, télévision et
internet, où tout se complète et tout devient un système qui est fort intéressant
et fort varié pour à peu près desservir pas mal tout le monde.
10961 CONSEILLER FRENCH
: Donc, inquiétude, mais pas de données, pas d'évidence concrète quant à
l'effritement.
10962 La question des
antennes, et plus particulièrement... ou en ce qui a trait à la transition vers
le numérique, Radio‑Canada a proposé un plan dit hybride, où il voudrait
couvrir 44 marchés métropolitains, et vous avez fait référence au faut qu'à
Montréal en particulier il y a quand même encore beaucoup de membres qui fonctionnent
over the air.
10963 Quelle est votre
réaction à la proposition hybride de Radio‑Canada?
10964 M. MORIN : Je vous
dirais... excusez‑moi le terme, mais je dirais c'est tout ou bien
pantoute, c'est‑à‑dire que Radio‑Canada a un mandat de
desservir l'ensemble des Canadiens et des Canadiennes, et que le signal, le
service, doit être disponible à tout le monde, à moins qu'on réforme la loi de
Radio‑Canada, qu'on réforme la Loi sur la radiodiffusion canadienne, et
qu'on dise, dorénavant, Radio‑Canada n'aura le mandat que de desservir
les régions métropolitaines.
10965 Pour l'instant, la
loi de Radio‑Canada dit que les Canadiens doivent avoir accès à Radio‑Canada. Alors, là‑dessus, je sais qu'il y a des
changements technologiques, je sais que maintenir un service d'ondes
hertziennes coûte extrêmement cher. À ce
moment‑là, ça sera aux politiques de décider et de modifier la loi en
conséquence s'ils estiment que c'est ce qui devrait être fait. Cependant, nous estimons à la Coalition que
c'est une injustice pour tous les contribuables canadiens qui financent Radio‑Canada.
10966 C'est pour ça que
je vous dis c'est tout ou pantoute. Ou
bien on l'enlève complètement, ou bien on le maintient pour tout le monde. Et puis le système hybride, bien, ça va créer
deux classes de Canadiens, ceux qui ont accès au signal et ceux qui n'ont pas
accès au signal. Voilà!
10967 CONSEILLER FRENCH
: Vous n'avez pas de recommandation sur l'origine des fonds qui devraient
appuyer, donc, ce maintien absolu de toutes les antennes actuelles, et financer
la transition vers le numérique?
10968 M. MORIN :
Non. Je n'entrerai pas dans la question
d'organiser les budgets de Radio‑Canada pour financer cela, parce que je
ne suis pas un expert dans la matière, et puis...
10969 CONSEILLER FRENCH
: Ce n'est pas votre problème?
10970 M. MORIN : Ce que
je vous dis, Monsieur French, c'est qu'il y a une loi constitutive de Radio‑Canada. Si on veut changer la donne, si on veut faire
en sorte que... Radio‑Canada a un
mandat à respecter, dont celui de la question de l'accessibilité du
signal. Alors, si on veut changer les
choses, bien, qu'on modifie la loi de Radio‑Canada. Sinon, Radio‑Canada doit être rendue
disponible à tout le monde.
10971 CONSEILLER FRENCH
: Alors, nous, on n'a pas de décision à prendre, parce que la loi a déjà
tranché?
10972 M. MORIN : Mais si
Radio‑Canada se présente devant le CRTC et dit qu'elle veut enlever son
système d'ondes hertziennes, qu'est‑ce que va faire le CRTC? Est‑ce qu'il va devoir réglementer là‑dessus
et dire à Radio‑Canada, vous êtes illégal parce que la loi dit que vous
devez desservir tous les Canadiens? Est‑ce
que vous n'aurez pas un rôle à jouer là‑dessus?
10973 CONSEILLER FRENCH
: Bien, comme je vous ai dit au début, il y a quelque part une question de
financement, et ce que vous nous dites, c'est que vous voulez que Radio‑Canada
ait plus d'accès au fonds pour le financement de la production, et Télé‑Québec
également ‑‑ ça, c'est de bonne guerre. Vous nous dites également qu'ils devraient
continuer à maintenir leur système de réseau hertzien à travers le Québec et le
Canada, puisque vous interprétez leur loi comme exigeant un seuil minimal qui
est très élevé comme ça.
10974 C'est comme dire
que le code de la route exige des grandes routes sur la Côte Nord, mais il n'y
en a pas. Pourquoi? Parce qu'il n'y a pas assez de monde pour
justifier le financement public.
10975 Alors, on revient
à la question de fonds là. Vous pouvez
bien nous donner un conseil de perfection comme ça, mais je vous soumets, respectueusement,
que ça ne nous aide pas beaucoup.
10976 M. MORIN :
Monsieur French, le code de la route ne dit pas que ça prend des grandes routes
sur la Côte Nord. Le code de la route
dit qu'il faut rouler à 100 kilomètres/heures entre la 20 entre Montréal et
Québec, et que si je me fais prendre à rouler à 120, je paye pour.
10977 CONSEILLER FRENCH
: Oui.
10978 M. MORIN : Alors,
si Radio‑Canada roule à 150 sur la 20, par rapport à la loi, bien, il va
devoir payer. Il y a un organisme
réglementaire, qui est le CRTC, là‑dessus.
10979 CONSEILLER FRENCH
: On est la police de tout ça?
10980 M. MORIN : Pardon?
10981 CONSEILLER FRENCH
: On est la police de tout ça?
10982 M. MORIN :
Effectivement.
10983 CONSEILLER FRENCH
: Écoutes, je vous remercie beaucoup, Monsieur Boulerice et Monsieur Morin.
10984 LE PRÉSIDENT :
Monsieur Morin et Monsieur Boulerice, dans votre présentation de ce matin, dans
vos objectifs, le deuxième objectif que vous avez, c'est qu'un débat public ait
lieu sur l'avenir de la radiotélévision publique francophone.
10985 Ce débat public,
est‑ce qu'on est en train de l'avoir, ou si c'est un débat qui se fera au
moment du renouvellement des licences, ou si c'est un débat que vous voyez dans
un autre forum, et si c'est le cas, bien, est‑ce que, au Québec, il n'y
en a pas eu lieu, et qui s'est terminé l'année dernière, avec les conclusions
du rapport Bédard?
10986 M. MORIN : Le
rapport Bédard ne traitait que de la question de Télé‑Québec et non
pas...
10987 LE PRÉSIDENT :
Oui, oui, effectivement.
10988 M. MORIN : ...de
Radio‑Canada. Donc...
10989 LE PRÉSIDENT :
Mais la télévision publique francophone, vous avez vous‑même dit qu'elle
avait trois composantes, TVO, Télé‑Québec et Radio‑Canada.
10990 Donc, ma question
aussi s'élargit. Est‑ce que c'est
aussi un comité tripartite qui discuterait de la télévision francophone?
10991 M. MORIN : Nous
allons amorcer le débat public, Monsieur Arpin.
Je vous annonce que le 3 février prochain, nous organisons une journée
de débats, parce que la Coalition n'a pas les moyens de ses ambitions
nécessairement, mais nous organisons une journée de débats...
10992 LE PRÉSIDENT :
Vous aussi?
10993 M. MORIN : Oui,
exactement. Nous organisons un séminaire
sur l'avenir de la télévision publique, où les principaux intervenants vont
être invités à en discuter, à en débattre, quels sont les enjeux, notamment, à
la question du financement, à la question de la programmation. Donc, c'est notre contribution très modeste,
au départ, et peut‑être que, éventuellement, ça va arriver à autre
chose. Asseoir à la même table tous ces
intervenants‑là, nous, c'est une première amorce pour sensibiliser,
notamment, la population à cet égard là, et amener peut‑être certains
décideurs à réfléchir à la question.
10994 Quand on parle
d'un débat public, ce n'est pas nécessairement de rassembler une foule de 100
000 personnes, mais c'est d'entamer un débat sur cette question‑là,
notamment au Québec, où on intervient principalement.
10995 LE PRÉSIDENT : Si
je comprends bien, c'est un débat qui serait animé par la Coalition de la
radiotélévision publique...
10996 M. MORIN : Pour
l'instant, c'est nous qui allons l'animer.
10997 LE PRÉSIDENT :
...pour l'instant, et non un débat qui est animé, soit par le CRTC, soit par un
comité parlementaire, soit par un groupe de travail qui serait chargé par les
trois gouvernements d'arriver à...
10998 M. MORIN :
Monsieur Arpin, si vous offrez la porte que le CRTC en organise un, ça va me
faire plaisir d'y participer et d'aider à l'organisation.
10999 LE PRÉSIDENT :
Mais on en fait continuellement, et puis le prochain qui s'annonce, ça va être,
évidemment, le renouvellement des licences...
11000 M. MORIN : De
Radio‑Canada.
11001 LE PRÉSIDENT :
...de Radio‑Canada et de Télé‑Québec et de TV Ontario...
11002 M. MORIN : Oui.
11003 LE PRÉSIDENT :
...de TFO.
11004 M. MORIN : Alors,
comptez sur nous pour revenir à ce moment‑là pour réitérer nos demandes.
11005 LE PRÉSIDENT :
Monsieur Morin et Monsieur Boulerice, nous vous remercions de votre
présentation de ce matin, et puis je pense que ça va compléter notre
interrogatoire pour aujourd'hui. Si j'ai
bien compris, bien, on aura le plaisir de vous revoir.
11006 M. MORIN :
Absolument.
11007 M. BOULERICE : Et
puis vous recevrez les invitations officielles, mais on espère également vous
voir à Montréal le 3 février, à l'UQAM, lors de notre séminaire sur l'avenir de
la télévision publique.
11008 M. MORIN : Au
moins un représentant.
11009 LE PRÉSIDENT :
Merci.
11010 M. MORIN : Merci.
11011 LE PRÉSIDENT :
Madame la Secrétaire.
11012 LA SECRÉTAIRE :
Merci, Monsieur le Président.
11013 Alors, je
rappellerais le Syndicat des communications de Radio‑Canada, s'ils sont
présents.
‑‑‑ Pause
11014 LA SECRÉTAIRE :
Alors, Monsieur Robert Fontaine comparaît pour le participant. Si vous voulez présenter votre groupe de
présentation, et vous aurez 10 minutes pour votre présentation. Merci.
*PRÉSENTATION / PRESENTATION
11015 M. FONTAINE :
Merci.
11016 Donc, je suis le
président du Syndicat des communications de Radio‑Canada.
11017 À ma droite, il y
a mon prédécesseur, Daniel Raunet, et à ma gauche, on retrouve Liette Babin,
qui est assistante de réalisation à la télévision.
11018 Alors, je
remercie, d'abord, le Conseil de nous inviter à présenter notre présentation, à
faire notre présentation pour une audience qu'on juge très importante.
11019 Je vais vous
parler du financement, des règles de financement, mais, d'abord, je vais
laisser la parole à mon collègue Daniel Raunet, qui va vous parler de l'accès
public aux ondes.
11020 M. RAUNET :
Bonjour, messieurs, dames. On s'excuse
du retard. On s'est perdu sur
l'autoroute en heure de pointe.
‑‑‑ Rires /
Laughter
11021 M. RAUNET : Le
premier point qui nous préoccupe, c'est que, au départ, les ondes sont un bien
public, et donc, les citoyens sont libres de capter gratuitement les stations
de leur choix sur les ondes.
11022 Maintenant, à la
suite d'une évolution que je ne vais pas vous raconter, vous savez très bien
qu'on est en train de se demander si l'on doit abandonner le dernier carré de
gratuité qui existe dans le système; c'est‑à‑dire les
téléspectateurs qui dépendent encore des ondes hertziennes.
11023 Dans le Mémoire du
Gouvernement du Québec, au Ministère de la culture, on nous dit qu'ils sont
entre 19 et 26 pour cent ‑‑ ça dépend si on compte les pirates
du satellitaire ‑‑ mais de toute façon, au Québec il y en a
beaucoup.
11024 Le modèle qu'on
nous présente est donc celui d'une télévision payante à 100 pour cent pour le
plus grand bénéfice des intérêts privés qui ont reçu ce bien public en monopole. Nous ne contestons pas la présence du privé
et du public, bien sûr, du mélange actuel dans le système, mais nous ne
voudrions pas que sous le couvert d'un débat purement technique sur les
questions posées au CRTC, par exemple, la marche à la haute définition, on
évacue les vraies question qui sont, à notre avis, l'accès universel pour
l'ensemble des citoyens et le contenu canadien.
11025 À propos du
contenu canadien, nous sommes extrêmement inquiets de ce qui se passe. Nous savons, évidemment, que l'exode des
auditoires est extrêmement important du côté anglophone vu qu'il n'y a plus que
22 pour cent des téléspectateurs qui regardent des productions canadiennes aux
heures de grande écoute dans ce domaine‑là.
11026 Du côté
francophone, le portrait pourrait sembler plus rassurant dans la mesure où il
n'y a que 33 pour cent des téléspectateurs québécois qui occupent, qui écoute,
qui regardent des productions étrangères.
Toutefois, la résistance relative du public francophone ne devrait pas
faire illusion.
11027 D'abord, on
constate qu'il y a une érosion des parts de marchés, des chaînes généralistes
au Québec comme ailleurs, mais surtout, nous ne pensons pas, nous ne croyons
pas en la théorie que la langue constitue une barrière naturelle qui
protégerait le marché québécois et le contenu canadien au Québec de toute
éternité.
11028 La première
raison, vous l'avez entendue avec les gens qui nous ont précédé, ce sont les
producteurs privés qui ne réinvestissent qu'une part infime de leurs revenus
dans la production.
11029 La deuxième
raison, c'est le manque de fonds imposés aux diffuseurs publics qui appauvrit
le paysage médiatique général.
11030 La troisième
raison, ce sont les nouvelles technologies; c'est‑à‑dire la haute
définition principalement et l'arrivée de la télévision via internet et liens
téléphoniques qui nous exposent à la possibilité d'un raz‑de‑marée
de contenus étrangers en version originelle ou en traduction.
11031 Donc, on
s'inquiète de la possibilité d'avoir un paysage qui ressemble à celui du cinéma
où l'essentiel nous vient de hors frontières.
11032 Quatrième point :
tout le système est basé sur notre capacité à maintenir ce qu'on appelle *l'exception culturelle+; c'est‑à‑dire un
protectionnisme qu'on maintient et le CRTC fait partie de ce protectionnisme
avec ses règlements.
11033 Or, nous savons
que notre voisin du sud combat de façon extrêmement féroce cette idée. Pour eux, pour les Américains, la culture
n'est qu'un bien parmi d'autres, une marchandise parmi d'autres et on pourrait
un jour, à la faveur de négociations bilatérales ou à l'Organisation mondiale
du commerce, se retrouver dans un univers où la propriété étrangère des médias
sera davantage admise et où on devra réserver nos subventions à tout le monde,
pas simplement aux seuls producteurs canadiens de contenus canadiens.
11034 Sur le
financement, mon camarade en parlera plus profondément tout à l'heure, mais je
voudrais signaler simplement qu'on le sait, il y a le système de financement
qui est en train de s'écrouler, dans la mesure où il est basé en grande partie
sur la publicité et les dollars publicitaires suivent le marché. On les voit déjà aller des chaînes
généralistes en direction des canaux spécialisés. Et maintenant, de cet ensemble‑là, vers
l'internet.
11035 Et, selon nous,
l'évolution technologique risque d'accélérer le déclin de ce contenu canadien.
11036 D'une part,
l'imposition fulgurante de la télévision à haute définition sur le marché nord‑américain
avec ses contenus américains et, d'autre part, l'apparition d'une nouvelle
génération d'ordinateurs personnels ‑‑ on sait Microsoft et
les autres qui sont en train de nous préparer une nouvelle génération
d'ordinateurs personnels ‑‑ qui vont nous permettre peut‑être
d'ici cinq ans, 10 ans, de nous connecter et de recevoir même la haute
définition à la maison par le biais d'une liaison téléphonique et même pas par
le câble ou le satellite.
11037 Alors, ces
nouveaux ordinateurs vont permettre aux consommateurs canadiens de choisir
leurs contenus télévisuels à la carte dans toute la planète et ce, dans un
univers où le CRTC, jusqu'à preuve du contraire, ne veut pas réglementer ce qui
se passe à l'internet.
11038 Nous pensons qu'il
faut changer cette attitude parce que, là aussi, c'est là où ça se passe si on
veut veiller à maintenir un contenu canadien qui conserve une place
significative, il faut penser à l'internet.
11039 Alors, nous vous
proposons un certain nombre de mesures.
Nous suggérons d'abord que le Canada définisse d'urgence ce qui
constitue le service télévisuel de base nationale auquel tous les Canadiens ont
droit.
11040 Avant, c'était
simple, on avait les ondes hertziennes qui réglaient ça pour nous. Si on était près des émetteurs, on le
recevait; si on était loin des émetteurs on ne les recevait pas. Donc, les Américains, on recevait que
certains par la marge, et caetera.
11041 Là, on est dans un
contexte complètement différent et, à notre avis, ce service national de base
doit inclure au strict minimum toutes les chaînes généralistes, publiques et
privées, ainsi que la programmation régionale.
11042 Le deuxième point,
c'est que l'État canadien et ses institutions devraient élaborer rapidement une
politique d'accès universel et gratuit à ce service de base national. On ne doit pas laisser des gens de côté.
11043 Et quel que soit
l'organisme, public ou privé, qui sera chargé de boucher les trous en quelques
sorte, d'appliquer ce mandat, il va de soi, bien sûr, qu'il va falloir des
fonds publics nécessaires à son exécution.
11044 Dans les remarques
précédentes qui ont été posées à nos prédécesseurs, on vient tout de suite à la
question du manque de sous, mais vous savez très bien, le Comité du patrimoine,
le Rapport Lincoln nous l'a montré, que le Canada est un des derniers des pays
de l'OCDE en matière d'investissements publics dans le système public de
radiodiffusion.
11045 Donc, oui, il faut
de l'argent si on a des ambitions qui soient à la mesure de nos ambitions.
11046 Troisième
point. Les autorités canadiennes doivent
exiger de tous les distributeurs, y compris éventuellement les fournisseurs de
service internet canadiens qu'ils offrent gratuitement à leurs clients l'accès
à ce service national de base, au fur et à mesure, bien sûr, que la technologie
le permettra pour la haute définition via internet.
11047 Le Canada doit
mettre rapidement en place une politique d'accès universel à la télévision
numérique et à la haute définition, mais ça doit s'accompagner aussi d'une
révision du mode de financement vu que, comme je l'expliquais, le système
actuel est en train de prendre de l'eau de toutes parts et il faut que la
réception du service télévisuel de base nationale en haute définition lui aussi
soit gratuit.
11048 Je passe sur le
point suivant que mon collègue va aborder, tout ce qui regarde le financement,
et pour terminer la partie de mon intervention, le CRTC doit revoir sa
politique de non‑intervention au point 9 dans l'internet et réglementer
toutes les plate‑formes où sont diffusés des contenus canadiens.
11049 Nous avons
quelques recommandations aussi sur la publicité et l'info‑publicité, et
caetera, mais je passerai, ça prendrait trop de temps maintenant et je rends la
parole au président du Syndicat.
11050 M. FONTAINE: Merci.
Moi, il y a une question qui m'a frappée dans les questions que le Conseil
a posées dans ces audiences‑là, c'est la présente approche du Conseil
assure‑t‑elle que le système de radiodiffusion fait appel de façon
notable aux producteurs indépendants?
11051 Alors, comme la
Coalition vous le faisait remarquer avant nous, le Syndicat des communications
de Radio‑Canada trouve que le présent système de radiodiffusion fait
appel de façon excessive aux producteurs indépendants.
11052 Il y a eu un
pendule et, là, le pendule est rendu de l'autre côté.
11053 Vous parliez,
monsieur French, tantôt, d'un équilibre.
Effectivement, il y a un équilibre à trouver et pour l'instant
l'équilibre penche du côté des producteurs indépendants.
11054 Alors, nous, on
considère, alors on vous rappelle encore une fois qu'il y a plusieurs études
qui démontrent que des producteurs indépendants au Québec ne contribuent que
trois pour cent à peu près de leurs fonds propres au financement de leurs
productions et que tout ce système de financement par subventions et crédits
d'impôts, donc, décourage les téléviseurs conventionnels à produire leurs
propres contenus.
11055 Pour le
télédiffuseur public, c'est encore plus grave parce qu'il y a un manque
d'originalité par rapport aux autres télédiffuseurs et je pense que la
télévision publique a un mandat où on doit justement faire ressortir une
certaine originalité en ondes par rapport aux télédiffuseurs privés.
11056 Je vais vous citer
une remarque d'un ancien président du Conseil, Pierre Juneau, qui déclarait en
2002 que *La télévision publique ne doit pas
seulement être un programmateur d'émissions+, donc, acheter des émissions de
producteurs privés.
11057 Sans une présence
d'une production qui lui est propre, non seulement ça garantit une
production... à l'interne, garantit que les émissions répondent adéquatement au
mandat du diffuseur public, mais assure aussi la pérennité d'une expertise,
d'une culture‑maison qui est propre aux diffuseurs publics.
11058 Et je pense que
c'est important. Je pense que Radio‑Canada
perd graduellement cette expertise, cette culture‑maison de productions à
l'interne.
11059 Donc, pour nous,
il est essentiel que les producteurs de contenus canadiens aient accès aux
fonds canadiens de télévision et il est aussi important, dans le même sens, que
les diffuseurs conventionnels aient accès aux frais d'abonnements de la
télévision par satellite et de la câblodiffusion.
11060 Ces frais
d'abonnements ne devraient pas être distribués, selon nous, de façon aléatoire,
mais leurs versements devraient être liés à des objectifs précis de
programmations à l'interne, de productions de contenus canadiens.
11061 Et les frais
d'abonnements, on suggère également que les frais d'abonnements qui seraient
tirés d'un marché francophone soient versés, soient réservés à des productions
de contenus originaux en français.
11062 Par ailleurs, bon,
mon collègue l'a fait remarquer, il faut revoir la politique de non‑intervention
du Conseil dans internet parce qu'il y a beaucoup de contenus canadiens qui se
retrouvent à l'internet et sinon, donc réglementer son contenu, au moins la
publicité, pour que ce qui est diffusé sur internet, pour s'assurer que les
revenus publicitaires contribuent au développement d'un contenu canadien aussi
sur internet.
11063 Et une dernière
chose en terminant, l'accès des abonnés, on trouve incroyable qu'en région
l'accès des abonnés à la télévision par satellite, qu'au Saguenay‑Lac‑Saint‑Jean,
par exemple, les abonnés de télévision par satellite n'aient pas accès à leur
station régionale.
11064 On considère que
le Conseil devrait intervenir et s'assurer que les abonnés en région de
télévision par satellite aient un accès à leurs postes, à leur station de
télévision régionale, c'est absolument indispensable.
11065 Voilà, ça complète
notre intervention. Merci.
11066 LE PRÉSIDENT: Merci, messieurs, madame.
11067 Vous avez couvert
quand même beaucoup de terrain dans votre présentation orale et je vais
commencer par la question de la production parce que vous avez utilisé...
Enfin, je vais revenir un petit peu, avant de commencer par cette question‑là.
11068 Vous êtes le
Syndicat des... essentiellement, le Syndicat des employés de Radio‑Canada?
11069 M. FONTAINE: Pas de l'ensemble des employés de Radio‑Canada.
11070 LE PRÉSIDENT: Non, non, effectivement, parce qu'il y en a
dans d'autres... il y en a au SCFP et il y en a à la FNC.
11071 M. FONTAINE: On est le Syndicat des employés qui
contribuent au contenu des émissions de Radio‑Canada.
11072 LE PRÉSIDENT: Et êtes‑vous lié à une centrale ou...
11073 M. FONTAINE: On est lié à la Fédération nationale des
communications liée à la CSN.
11074 LE PRÉSIDENT: Des communications liée à la CSN, d'accord,
O.K.
11075 Mais c'est parce
que quand je prends l'ensemble de vos représentations, vous semblez aussi
toucher régulièrement à la télévision commerciale. Quand vous faites... notamment, quand vous
parlez de l'accès à la redevance, vous parlez de la production indépendante,
vous ne vous centrez pas toujours sur une préoccupation exclusive à Radio‑Canada;
vous y mettez à la fois...
11076 Vous êtes aussi à
la fois les défenseurs de vos collègues qui sont, eux, dans des stations
généralistes.
11077 Est‑ce que
j'ai bien compris votre Mémoire dans ce sens‑là?
11078 M. RAUNET: On a essayé dans notre Mémoire, on s'est dit
qu'à ces audiences vous alliez avoir beaucoup de gens qui allaient se battre
pour se partager les morceaux de la tarte, hein! Beaucoup de groupes d'intérêts.
11079 Alors, c'est
évident, nous sommes aussi un groupe d'intérêt; on ne peut pas prétendre qu'on
ne l'est pas, mais on a essayé de prendre en considération l'intérêt général
dans notre présentation. Peut‑être
qu'on a réussi, peut‑être qu'on n'a pas réussi. Donc, ça nous amène à parler de choses qui
débordent le petit cadre de Radio‑Canada.
11080 LE PRÉSIDENT: Bien, c'est parce que je vais faire en sorte
que mes questions vont aussi être plus larges que plus étroites ou spécifiques
à Radio‑Canada, parce que quand vous parlez de productions indépendantes,
vous dites essentiellement que, effectivement, dans la Loi il y a un objectif
qui dit qu'on doit faire un appel notable à la production indépendante et,
vous, vous dites qu'on est passé... que la réalité, c'est qu'on est passé du *notable+ à l'excessif.
11081 Et donc... et pour
vous, le notable, ça se définirait comment?
Parce que, effectivement, c'est une des choses que le Conseil doit faire
et à ce jour le Conseil a interprété la notion du terme *notable+ comme étant prépondérant, jusqu'à
un certain point.
11082 M. FONTAINE: Bien, on considère que pour rétablir
l'équilibre, les télévisions conventionnelles devraient avoir accès aux fonds
canadiens de télévision.
11083 Cet accès‑là,
devrait‑il être limité? Peut‑être
que le Conseil pourrait limiter cet accès‑là, de dire que les producteurs
indépendants...
11084 LE PRÉSIDENT : Les
télédiffuseurs privés ont accès au Fonds canadien de télévision pour leurs
productions, au même titre que les... Il
y a des enveloppes qui vont aux producteurs indépendants, il y a des enveloppes
qui vont aux télédiffuseurs qui produisent eux‑mêmes certaines émissions.
11085 Je pense que Radio‑Canada
n'a pas accès à des argents spécifiques du Fonds canadien, il n'en a que par
l'entremise des producteurs indépendants, mais les maisons de production ‑‑
et Radio‑Canada n'a pas de maison de production liée ‑‑
mais les maisons de production liées aux diffuseurs généralistes ou même
spécialisés qui peuvent avoir accès au Fonds canadien de télévision...
11086 Je donne, à titre
d'exemple, parce qu'il y en a un que je connais bien, MusiquePlus a créé une
maison qui s'appelle TVMaxPlus Productions et qui est une filiale entièrement
de MusiquePlus Inc., qui a bénéficié de crédits d'impôt et a aussi accès au
Fonds canadien de télévision pour la production de certaines émissions. Or, Groupe TVA a son véhicule qui s'appelle JPL
Production, et Radio‑Canada, lui, n'a pas de société indépendante, donc,
n'a pas accès à ces fonds‑là.
11087 M. FONTAINE :
Donc, peut‑être que, effectivement, il faudrait au moins permettre à
Radio‑Canada d'avoir accès au Fonds canadien de télévision, comme s'il
avait une maison de production. Comme il
n'en a pas, ce n'est pas dans la loi, il faudrait lui permettre... parce que,
en ce moment, il est désavantagé, justement.
L'équilibre va au profit de ces maisons ou des producteurs indépendants,
et Radio‑Canada se voit désavantager ou n'a plus d'incitatif, ou il y a
un incitatif financier très grand à recourir à des maisons de production...
11088 LE PRÉSIDENT : Et
le meilleur exemple qu'on nous a donné, sans le détailler, mais c'est parce que
je le connaissais bien, c'est * Virginie +, qui, la première saison, a été
produite par Radio‑Canada, puis les saisons subséquentes a été produite
par le même personnel mais sous l'égide d'un producteur indépendant, parce que,
effectivement, c'est là un exemple, pratico pratique, de l'absence d'une
société de production qui n'appartiendrait pas à Radio‑Canada.
11089 Si ça avait été
chez un télédiffuseur privé, JPL aurait été le producteur de * Virginie +, puis ils auraient utilisé le
personnel de TVA à Montréal pour le faire, mais Radio‑Canada n'a pas pu
le faire, donc, ça passé à la diffusion indépendante.
11090 Ce que je veux
chercher avec vous là, parce que vous avez touché à la fois l'ensemble du
système, mais vous êtes les représentants des employés de Radio‑Canada,
puis j'essaie peut‑être de vous ramener à se focuser sur Radio‑Canada.
11091 M. FONTAINE :
Merci, c'est très bien.
11092 À ce chapitre,
juste pour vous donner un autre exemple.
L'exemple de * Virginie + est excellent, effectivement, mais
il y a aussi le secteur jeunesse. Vous
connaissez... bon, à mon âge, au vôtre, on a tous été gâté, étant jeune, par
les productions à l'interne de Radio‑Canada dans son secteur
jeunesse. Or, maintenant, il n'y en a
plus de productions à l'interne du secteur jeunesse.
11093 Quand Pierre
Juneau parlait de l'expertise de la culture maison, entre autres, dans ce
secteur jeunesse là, c'est ce qui est en train de disparaître, malheureusement,
à cause de ce pendule, que, de bonne foi, on a cherché à prévoir que le système
fasse appel de façon notable aux producteurs indépendants, mais c'est ça, le
pendule est maintenant allé trop loin, et je crois qu'il faut... le CRTC doit
le ramener.
11094 MME BABIN :
Présentement, à Radio‑Canada, les émissions qui sont produites à la télévision
générale, il y a le secteur jeunesse, le secteur dramatique, le secteur
variété, puis il y a les affaires publiques, l'information.
11095 Mais à la
télévision générale, pour la production du contenu des émissions, aux
jeunesses, il n'y en a plus de fait par Radio‑Canada; aux variétés, il en
reste une seule émission qui s'appelle * La fosse aux lionnes +, qui est produite complètement par
Radio‑Canada; et aux dramatiques, il en reste une, c'est * L'auberge du chien noir +.
11096 Et les employés de
Radio‑Canada, ça fonctionne avec les crédits d'impôt. Quand les producteurs privés arrivent avec
leur projet, dépendamment des crédits d'impôt qu'ils ont obtenus, ils peuvent
payer les gens eux‑mêmes, alors, ils ne prennent pas le personnel de
Radio‑Canada. C'est ça qui se
passe.
11097 LE PRÉSIDENT : Ou
ils prennent le personnel de Radio‑Canada, mais avec...
11098 MME BABIN : S'ils
n'ont pas de crédits d'impôt pour le personnel.
11099 LE PRÉSIDENT :
Oui. Ou ils se créent des véhicules
corporatifs avec les employés de Radio‑Canada?
11100 MME BABIN : Pas
dans notre unité syndicale à nous, qui représentons les journalistes... tout le
personnel de production en ondes qu'on appelle.
Et le personnel de production qui n'est pas en ondes, qui travaille au contenu
mais qui travaille à la production de l'émission, ces gens‑là ne sont
presque plus engagés par les producteurs privés parce qu'on n'a pas accès aux
crédits d'impôt chez nous dans notre maison.
Alors...
11101 LE PRÉSIDENT :
Mais est‑ce que ce sont des choses que vous avez déjà discutées avec
Radio‑Canada?
11102 M. RAUNET : Oui,
aux négociations collectives, on essaie d'en parler pour essayer de rectifier
les choses.
11103 On est très
conscient aussi du carcan institutionnel qui est imposé à Radio‑Canada. Ces gens‑là n'ont pas de marche de
manouvre énorme, et ce qu'on vous demande, c'est de changer certaines règles du
jeu, parce qu'on se trouve dans la situation absurde où Radio‑Canada même
subventionne... après tous ces crédits d'impôt, après le FCT, et caetera, Radio‑Canada
subventionne encore les producteurs privés pour les aider... pour faire passer
des frais au compte de Radio‑Canada.
11104 Alors, il faut
savoir, c'est le privé ou ce n'est pas le privé. On privatise les pertes pour les aider à
faire des profits.
11105 Mais si on avait
accès aux livres comptables totaux, et s'il y avait des comptables qui
examinaient l'avantage pour le contribuable canadien de cette façon de faire
par rapport à une plus grande dose de production à l'interne, je ne suis pas
sûr qu'on arriverait à la conclusion qu'il est nécessaire que le * Bye‑Bye +, enfin, tout ce qu'on ne fait plus,
se fasse au privé.
11106 LE PRÉSIDENT :
Évidemment, il y a des choses que vous nous demandées ce matin qui ne sont pas
non plus du ressort ou de la capacité du CRTC, parce que ce sont des choses qui
relèvent des parlementaires et essentiellement du ministère de Patrimoine comme
point de démarrage.
11107 M. RAUNET :
Écoutez, on se retrouve dans une situation un peu paradoxale parce qu'il y a des
grands changements technologiques qui arrivent, des changements à la télévision
du 21e siècle. Vous devez prendre
position, et vous demandez à des intérêts privés de vous dire ce qu'il y a lieu
de faire, mais il est évident qu'il nous manque une politique canadienne
gouvernementale parlementaire.
11108 La plupart des
pays occidentaux ont prévu la façon dont ils vont passer à ce nouveau stade de
financement du système, le passage à la haute définition, et caetera.
11109 Au Canada, pour
des raisons qui nous sont propres, on est dans une situation de laissez‑faire
en quelque sorte, et c'est extrêmement dommageable parce que les objectifs de
la Loi de la radiodiffusion sont des objectifs extrêmement interventionnistes,
propriété canadienne, contenu canadien, et caetera.
11110 Ce n'est pas le
libre‑marché. Le libre‑marché,
ça ne nous amènerait pas à ça, et on a l'impression que les pouvoirs publics
s'en lavent un peu les mains.
11111 On a lu
d'excellents documents. Je pense au
rapport Lincoln, par exemple, qui touchait à pas mal de ces questions‑là,
et ça ramasse de la poussière sur les tablettes.
11112 Bon, il y a eu un
gouvernement minoritaire, il y en aura peut‑être un autre minoritaire, et
caetera. Tout ça, ça joue, mais la
technologie et le fait que les dollars publicitaires s'en vont vers l'internet,
ils n'attendent pas les aléas de la situation parlementaire au Canada.
11113 Peut‑être le
CRTC... je ne suis pas exactement au courant de tous vos pouvoirs, mais je
suppose que vous avez aussi la capacité de faire des recommandations. Quand madame Oda vous a mis dans cette série
d'audiences au printemps dernier, je suppose c'est parce que le gouvernement
actuel se posait aussi des questions sur ce qu'il y avait lieu de faire ou de
ne pas faire.
11114 C'est évident que
tout ne peut pas être réglé par un tribunal quasi‑judiciaire comme le
CRTC, mais vous avez peut‑être aussi la possibilité, à un certain moment,
de dire : il y a d'autres choses à un autre niveau qui devraient se passer,
puis qui ne se passent pas, s'il vous plaît, messieurs, dames les politiciens,
prenez vos responsabilités.
11115 La question du
financement du système, par exemple, c'est quelque chose qui relève du
parlement canadien, et, à notre avis, ça fait longtemps que le parlement canadien
n'a pas pris ses responsabilités.
11116 LE PRÉSIDENT :
Écoutez, je suis sûr que ce qui se dit ici sera lu aussi par divers
intervenants, y compris les intervenants au niveau du gouvernement, qui sauront
comprendre votre préoccupation et votre message. Qu'est‑ce qu'ils en feront, on va
laisser aux parlementaires le soin de faire ce qu'ils croient qui est le mieux
pour le Canada.
11117 Mais à l'intérieur
des paramètres de notre juridiction, quand même, on peut certainement discuter
d'un certain nombre de choses que vous avez mis de l'avant ce matin, notamment
l'accès à une redevance.
11118 Vous la voyez,
effectivement... si le Conseil allait dans le sens de l'application d'une
redevance, vous croyez que, contrairement à ce que certains intervenants ont fait,
qu'à la fois le secteur public et le secteur privé devraient en bénéficier, si
je vous ai bien compris?
11119 M. FONTAINE : Oui,
à la fois le secteur public et le secteur privé devraient y bénéficier. Et on estime, d'ailleurs, que c'est... bon,
cette mise à jour que le Conseil fait est très à propos sur le financement du
système.
11120 Donc, il y avait
un système qui, il y a une vingtaine d'années, pour favoriser l'émergence des
chaînes spécialisées, a été mis en place.
Maintenant, on sait que les chaînes spécialisées tirent de plus en plus
de revenus publicitaires, et le Conseil... c'est tout à fait à propos que le
Conseil se penche sur cette question‑là.
11121 Et on estime que
tant qu'à se pencher sur un système de financement, et donc, des frais d'abonnement,
le Conseil pourrait aussi recommander que les règles de financement changent
aussi pour le télédiffuseur public qu'est Radio‑Canada. C'est dans cette voie‑là qu'on estime
que le Conseil pourrait intervenir et recommander que ces règles‑là changent
pour les frais d'abonnement et qu'elles changent également pour l'accès au
Fonds canadien de télévision.
11122 LE PRÉSIDENT : Les
syndicats, de façon générale, se préoccupent aussi de l'intérêt public. De quel ordre monétaire devrait être cette
redevance?
11123 M. RAUNET : Quelle
part du gâteau...
11124 LE PRÉSIDENT :
Oui. On a eu toute sorte
d'hypothèses. CTV nous a dit 10 sous par
abonné par mois. CanWest nous a parlé de
50 sous. TQS nous a parlé d'un
dollar. Radio‑Canada nous a dit
qu'ils voulaient qu'on se prononce sur le principe et qu'ils nous reviendraient
avec une proposition au moment du renouvellement de leur licence. Et TVA, lui, disait de laisser ça aux forces
du marché.
11125 M. FONTAINE :
Nous, on va un peu dans le sens de Radio‑Canada, c'est‑à‑dire
qu'on aimerait que le Conseil se prononce sur le principe, mais qu'on aille un
peu plus loin que ce que Radio‑Canada préconise, c'est‑à‑dire
que le principe inclurait que ces frais d'abonnement qui seraient versés aux
télévisions conventionnelles soient liés à des objectifs qui seraient présentés
au Conseil lors des renouvellements de mandat, mais des objectifs de contenu
canadien, donc, de production de contenus originaux à l'interne, si possible.
11126 M. RAUNET : Pour
être clair, il ne s'agit pas de donner de l'argent à TVA pour financer le
déficit de SUN TV en Ontario ou les problèmes du Groupe Quebecor, pour parler
franchement, parce qu'il y a des propriétés croisées qui sont répandues au
Canada. Il faut être sûr que l'objectif
qui est toujours là‑dedans, c'est de favoriser la production de contenu
canadien de façon optimum. Donc, il est
aberrant dans la situation actuelle qu'un producteur de contenu canadien comme
Radio‑Canada n'ait pas accès aux mêmes règles du jeu équitables de l'ensemble
de l'industrie. Alors, on vous demande
de rectifier ça, et on est d'accord pour que les diffuseurs directs privés et
publics aient accès aux frais d'abonnement, mais il faut qu'il y ait des
conditions pour être sûr que l'argent soit utilisé à bon escient, que ça ne
serve pas simplement à satisfaire des actionnaires dans un bilan trimestriel en
mettant un peu plus d'argent dans la machine.
11127 L'autre problème,
c'est que est‑ce qu'on n'est pas en train simplement de réarranger les
chaises sur le pont du Titanic à moyen terme?
C'est‑à‑dire si les revenus publicitaires s'en vont vers
l'internet et quittent ce domaine traditionnel, en ce moment, ça cause beaucoup
de problèmes aux diffuseurs en direct, mais demain, ça va poser des problèmes
aussi au câblot puis au satellitaire. On
ne sait pas ce qui va se passer.
11128 Si les habitudes
d'écoute abandonnent les façons traditionnelles de regarder la télévision
aujourd'hui, les dollars publicitaires s'en vont déjà de façon massive vers
l'internet, peut‑être que tout ce que vous êtes en train d'échafauder ne
suffira pas à la tâche.
11129 C'est pour ça
qu'on vous dit que la question du financement global du système, c'est
maintenant aussi qu'il faut l'examiner parce que ça prend l'eau de toutes
parts.
11130 LE PRÉSIDENT: Il y a des composantes en arrière du
placement publicitaire qui certainement pas relèvent du Conseil, notamment ce
qui est soit dans l'imprimé et l'affichage et quand on regarde quand même la
vie des médias, on constate qu'il y en a peu... il y a peu de médias qui sont
disparus. Généralement, ils réussissent
à s'adapter.
11131 Avec l'arrivée de
la télévision, c'était la fin de la radio et, pourtant, la radio vivait de
publicité. Or, aujourd'hui, il y a
certainement beaucoup plus que... de stations de radio en ondes au Canada et
aux États‑Unis qu'il y en avait avec l'arrivée de la télévision dans les
années soixante et soixante‑dix et puis, même si c'est 52 la date de
démarrage‑là, je ne pense pas que l'énervement s'est fait le 1er septembre
1952 ou le 6 septembre 1952.
11132 Mais les médias,
généralement, ont trouvé leur niche et ont retrouvé leur mode de survie et,
évidemment, les choses ont... les choses se font différemment et, ça, c'est la
nature humaine même qui fait en sorte qu'on change les modes de fonctionnement.
11133 Mais vous avez
l'air... vous m'apparaissez très angoissés par rapport à la survie de la
télévision comme média d'attrait pour les auditoires et pour les annonceurs.
11134 Je ne dis pas que
le modèle actuel n'est pas appelé à changer, mais il n'est pas appelé à
disparaître non plus.
11135 M. FONTAINE: Il faut comprendre que la radio est un outil
et la télévision est un autre... est un autre média. Internet diffuse ce qu'on peut voir à la
télévision et ce qu'on peut entendre à la radio.
11136 Donc, ce n'est
pas... la comparaison, on ne peut pas vraiment se faire. Des gens vont, au lieu de syntoniser la
télévision, au lieu d'écouter la radio, vont choisir et de plus en plus ce sont
les jeunes générations, donc ça semble être une tendance, vont choisir de
s'informer, se distraire par l'internet plutôt que par la radio ou par la
télévision.
11137 Alors, peut‑être
que vous nous reprochez de tirer la sonnette d'alarme trop tôt, peut‑être,
mais éventuellement les revenus publicitaires ont commencé un exode.
11138 Bon, alors, il y a
20 ans, lorsque les chaînes spécialisées ont vu le jour, si on avait tiré la
sonnette d'alarme pour dire que les télévisions conventionnelles n'auraient
plus suffisamment de revenus publicitaires, vous auriez dit, bien, peut‑être
qu'on ne voit pas la disparition des télévisions conventionnelles, à cause des
chaînes spécialisées.
11139 Vingt ans plus
tard, cette sonnette d'alarme‑là est vraiment nécessaire.
11140 Ce qu'on dit,
c'est que dans 20 ans, il va y avoir un exode... bien, d'ici 20 ans, ça
commence, effectivement. Ce n'est pas
encore majeur peut‑être, mais ça commence et il y a un exode des revenus
publicitaires qui s'en vont vers l'internet.
11141 Et donc, ce qu'on
dit, c'est qu'aujourd'hui, ça ne crée peut‑être pas... il n'y a peut‑être
pas de média qui soit en danger aujourd'hui par cet exode qui commence, mais
éventuellement le CRTC devra se pencher parce qu'on considère que c'est
inéluctable que cet exode de revenus publicitaires vers l'internet va
s'accroître et devenir menaçant à terme pour les médias.
11142 M. RAUNET : Ce n'est pas simplement quelque chose qu'on
invente. Dans notre Mémoire, on vous
cite un texte qui a fait beaucoup de bruit dans le milieu, de IBM Business Consulting Services :
"The end of television as we know it, the future industry in perspective" et là‑dedans on nous
disait que d'ici 2009, cette étude dit bien, IBM prévoit que d'ici 2009 les
revenus publicitaires constitueront la portion congrue de leurs revenus et de
39 à 49 pour cent du total seront les types d'entreprises. Là, je cite :
"True internet revenues start
with a smaller base. Its advertising
gross rate is forecast to be almost triple that of TV advertising by
2009."
11143 Donc, en 2009, IBM considère que les
revenus publicitaires dans internet vont être... en fait, cet exode est en
train de se produire sous nos yeux.
11144 Si ça se produit
aux États‑Unis, ça va nous arriver aussi et ça commence à nous arriver
aussi parce qu'il y a... un des Mémoires qui vous a été présenté, d'une
association‑là qui a un nom anglophone ‑‑ je ne sais pas
si ça existe en français "Association of Canadian Advertisers" ‑‑ ils le signalent
aussi dans leur Mémoire qu'il y a... déjà les revenus de la pub sur internet au
Canada atteindront $600 millions cette année‑ci.
11145 Et comme notre
système est basé en grande partie sur les revenus de la publicité que reçoivent
les télévisions généralistes, et aussi les chaînes spécialisées, si ces dollars
s'en vont, il faut qu'on y pense pendant que ça se produit. Ça va être remplacé par quoi ou, alors, est‑ce
qu'on met la clé sur la porte un jour?
11146 LE PRÉSIDENT: Écoutez; l'Association canadienne des
annonceurs aura l'occasion de faire connaître sa position cet après‑midi
et c'est sûr qu'il y a du déplacement de la publicité vers l'internet. On a qu'à s'y raccorder pour voir qu'il y a
toutes sortes de types de messages, mais au même moment, on voit quand même que
de manière générale, la croissance du placement publicitaire au Canada se
maintient avec des variantes année après année.
11147 Écoutez;
personnellement, j'ai... je vais voir si mes collègues ont d'autres questions,
mais je vous remercie quant à moi de...
11148 Monsieur French.
11149 CONSEILLER
FRENCH: Pouvez‑vous nous aider à
décrire comment vous imaginez ou comment vous proposez si le Conseil devait
suivre votre argumentation générale à la faveur d'une réglementation des
contenus sur internet, comment ça marcherait?
11150 M. RAUNET: On vous dit que, d'abord, d'obtenir la
définition de ce qui constitue le service national de base auquel ont droit les
Canadiens.
11151 Donc, si vous
réglementez, une des premières choses que vous devriez faire, c'est imposer aux
fournisseurs de services canadiens qui ont tous les Sympaticos de ce monde, de
transmettre ce service national de base quand ça sera disponible avec la
technologie.
11152 Nous pensons
principalement à l'arrivée de la télévision via internet, la nouvelle
technologie qui nous arrive, nous dit‑on, dans quatre ans, cinq ans, six
ans, selon les projets de Microsoft et d'autres firmes de ce type.
11153 Alors, ça serait
la... ça serait la première... la première étape parce que quand on recevra la
haute définition via internet et le téléphone, ça va changer complètement la
donne.
11154 Et à ce moment‑là,
le contenu canadien ou le contenu de quoi que ce soit, vous pouvez réglementer
tout ce que vous voulez sur les voies hertziennes ou le câble ou le satellite,
mais si c'est sur internet que ça se passe, vous êtes absent.
11155 Donc, la première
chose à faire, c'est affirmer votre juridiction sur ces choses‑là. Évidemment, nous n'avons pas la réponse à
tout.
11156 CONSEILLER
FRENCH: C'est‑à‑dire, ces
choses‑là... excusez que je vous interrompe là. Excusez‑moi, mais il faut quand même
commencer à établir un certain nombre de nuances‑là.
11157 Mettons qu'on
peut, en principe, établir notre juridiction sur les fournitures de services
canadiens. Qu'est‑ce qui
arriverait si le public canadien a décidé de syntoniser un service de base...
un service de télévision aux États‑Unis?
11158 M. RAUNET: Oui.
Ils ont le droit, mais c'est pour ça que la gratuité de la chose est
extrêmement importante; c'est‑à‑dire, moi, j'habite à Montréal,
hein! Alors, je suis abonné à Sympatico
et Sympatico serait tenu de me fournir TVA, TQS, CBC, CTV, peut‑être le
canal communautaire Téléquébec, bon, mes stations régionales, et je pourrais me
servir de mon ordinateur personnel pour envoyer ça sur mes écrans de télévision
chez moi.
11159 Par contre, si
j'avais envie de télécharger la dernière production d'Hollywood qui fait
fureur, bien, on me demanderait ma carte de crédit. C'est là où se ferait la différence, mais
c'est évident qu'on ne va pas... on ne va pas interdire aux gens de regarder ce
qu'ils ont bien envie de regarder. Ça a
toujours été le cas.
11160 CONSEILLER
FRENCH: Alors, quel objectif Sympatico
aurait‑il à refuser de porter... de rendre accessible ces contenus‑là?
11161 M. RAUNET: C'est que ces contenus sont payants
maintenant si je veux télécharger... ABC se lance dans la production sur
internet, et caetera, ça va me coûter quelque chose, mais si vous réglementez
qu'il y a un service de base qui doit être gratuit, on en finit même avec les
problèmes qu'on a, ce dont parlait mon camarade, quant à Saguenay ou en
Gaspésie, les compagnies de satellite refusent de fournir la programmation
régionale.
11162 CONSEILLER
FRENCH: Non, mais ce que j'avais
compris, c'est que le service de base existait dans votre conception sur réseau
hertzien, sur le câble et sur la satellite déjà, gratuit. C'est ça votre proposition?
11163 M. RAUNET: Notre proposition, c'est qu'il faut qu'on
soit prêt à migrer avec l'évolution technologique. Si demain, comme on le pense, ça va se
passer, disons, dans 10 ans essentiellement via internet, bien il faut que
cette universalité, cette gratuité se traduise aussi par le biais d'internet.
Alors, c'est évident, on n'a pas la
réponse à tout.
11164 Dans notre
Mémoire, on vous dit très clairement aussi que pour combler les trous de... les
trous de la réception, la solution va peut‑être être différente en région
ou dans les grandes villes, et caetera.
11165 Nous n'avons pas
l'expertise pour répondre à vos questions, mais le principe, on vous dit :
c'est le principe qu'il faut accepter que tout citoyen canadien a le droit de
capter le service national de base, quelle que soit la technologie qui sera
offerte demain ou après‑demain.
11166 CONSEILLER
FRENCH: Et je comprends votre
recommandation et tout ce que je vous souligne, c'est qu'il m'apparaît très
improbable que si votre package de services, la télévision publique gratuite
est disponible sur d'autres médias, que Sympatico refuse de le porter
gratuitement sur son propre réseau puisqu'il n'y a pas de limite de capacité?
11167 Donc, toute
l'argumentation au sujet de l'internet par rapport à votre proposition d'un
package de services de base gratuit m'apparaît un peu confus.
11168 M. FONTAINE: Ça va être d'autant plus facile pour... si le
CRTC oblige des distributeurs d'internet à rendre accessible ce qu'ils sont
déjà prêts à rendre accessible, alors votre recommandation va être suivie à 100
pour cent.
11169 Ce que l'on dit,
c'est que ça doit être un sujet de préoccupations du Conseil et que le Conseil
doit s'assurer que ce que vous dites qui est la réalité présentement que c'est
accessible, cette accessibilité soit maintenue.
11170 CONSEILLER
FRENCH: Non. Avec tout le respect que je vous dois,
monsieur Fontaine, je n'ai pas dit que c'est disponible. J'ai dit que, dans votre hypothèse de
recommandation, ce serait disponible de cette manière‑là et, avec tout le
respect que je vous dois, et vous me dites que vous n'avez peut‑être pas
d'autre chose à dire là‑dessus, c'est que votre conception de
réglementation de l'internet, elle est conceptuellement incohérente pour le
moment puisque vous n'avez pas articulé de façon suffisamment précise pour
qu'on comprenne ce que vous voulez faire.
11171 Moi, je pensais
que vous vouliez nous dire qu'il fallait quand même, dans la mesure où les gens
avaient accès au contenu audiovisuel par l'internet, qu'il fallait le
réglementer afin de produire un flux monétaire pour les productions
canadiennes.
11172 Ce n'est pas ça
que vous dites. Vous dites tout
simplement que s'il y a un paquet gratuit qui est disponible ailleurs, il
devrait être disponible sur l'internet et je vous dis que c'est peu probable
que ce soit autrement si c'est gratuit.
11173 M. RAUNET: Il y a des pays qui font ça
actuellement. Ils ont... je prends
l'exemple de la France qui a un projet de loi en ce moment pour introduire...
pour introduire sur tout son territoire le numérique et demain, la haute
définition, et eux ils ont décidé d'approcher la question.
11174 Parce que quand on
parle de gratuité, c'est gratuité pour le téléspectateur, mais il se peut que
celui qui fournit le service dise, moi, il faut que je trouve de l'argent en
quelque part. Donc, il y a des
subventions publiques qui vont y aller.
11175 En France, ils ont
choisi de subventionner le consommateur; c'est‑à‑dire il y a un
test, un critère qui va être les revenus.
Les gens qui ont des revenus les plus pauvres vont recevoir un
remboursement de l'État français qui va leur permettre de s'abonner au câble,
et caetera, et caetera.
11176 Donc, les
possibilités de solution sont très grandes.
On peut adopter différentes formules.
On peut décider que, bon, on va payer une redevance, probablement, de
regarder la télévision, ou on va avoir une taxe spéciale à chaque fois qu'on
achète un téléviseur qui va être financé dans le système. Les possibilités sont vraiment très, très
grandes, mais on ne veut pas rentrer là‑dedans.
11177 Mais ce qu'on dit,
c'est le principe, il faut que tous les citoyens canadiens, quelle que soit la
nouvelle technologie qui arrive, aient accès à leur contenu canadien
gratuitement, comme c'était le cas avec les oreilles de Mickey sur le
téléviseur pour encore un bon quart des Montréalais, capter ça à partir des
voies hertziennes, parce que quand on écoute ce que nous dit Radio‑Canada,
ou même des diffuseurs privés, c'est évident que ça coûtera une fortune de
donner le même service en haute définition dans les endroits où il n'y a pas
beaucoup de gens par voie hertzienne.
11178 Donc, si on ne
fait rien, on s'oriente vers le 100 pour cent payant pour tout le monde, et là,
ça ne marche pas non plus, on perd le contenu canadien.
11179 M. FONTAINE : Et
on comprend, Monsieur French, que ça peut être difficile de réglementer le
contenu de la toile, hein, de l'internet.
On comprend ça.
11180 Ce qu'on dit,
c'est qu'il y a de plus en plus de contenus télévisuels et radiophoniques qui
vont être admissibles ou qui vont être accessibles par internet, et il y a de
plus en plus de revenus publicitaires qui vont aller aussi sur l'internet.
11181 Alors, il n'y a pas
de... on ne suggère pas un modèle très précis, effectivement, Monsieur French,
mais ce qu'on suggère au Conseil, c'est de se préoccuper de cette question‑là,
de dire que, oui, on ne veut plus ne plus intervenir, on veut s'y pencher, et
on veut, à tout le moins, s'il est impossible de réglementer le contenu de
l'internet, à tout le moins, donc, d'offrir un accès et de voir que les revenus
publicitaires, qui vont aller en augmentant sur l'internet, sur les sites des
chaînes de télévision qui sont diffusées sur l'internet, que ces revenus
publicitaires là servent à ajouter du contenu canadien, du contenu original sur
l'internet.
11182 CONSEILLER FRENCH
: La dernière phrase ajoute une autre dimension, Monsieur Fontaine.
11183 D'abord, je
retiens la gratuité d'un package de services publics et privés de base sur tous
les médias, et ça, je pense que c'est une conception importante et puis une
proposition, un principe important, puis on en prend bonne note.
11184 Là où le Conseil
va avoir un problème, c'est... ou le système va avoir un problème, auquel on
vous invite à contribuer, c'est qu'il devient économiquement difficile
d'imaginer comment on va financer la transition vers l'hertzienne dans
certaines régions dans le domaine numérique, et donc, il faut se pencher sur le
coût de rendre accessible ce service de base aux individus lésés par la
disparition d'un système à l'antenne numérique, et vous nous dites, ça serait
un objet légitime des pouvoirs publics, soit par financement ou par incitation
coercitive ou autre, que de s'assurer que cette auditoire‑là ne soit pas
lésée de façon complète?
11185 M. RAUNET : Oui,
parce que, comme je le disais tout à l'heure, le Canada dépense très peu de son
PIB dans son système de radiodiffusion, comparé à d'autres pays occidentaux.
11186 Donc, si on veut
avoir... si on veut être à la hauteur de nos ambitions, à savoir maintenir un
système canadien avec un contenu canadien, et caetera, oui, il va falloir qu'on
mette davantage d'argent dans le système.
C'est ça le message. L'argent ne
poussa pas sur les arbres, et il va falloir que l'état abandonne l'attitude
actuelle, qui est la politique de l'autruche, on laisse faire l'évolution.
11187 Ça fait très,
très, très longtemps qu'il n'y a pas eu de politique publique dans ce dossier‑là. On est très content que le CRTC rouvre la
porte de la question du financement, et caetera, mais ça fait longtemps qu'il
n'y a pas eu de débat là‑dessus.
Au niveau des gouvernements, il y a quelque chose qui doit se passer, ou
sinon, ce qui va nous arriver, c'est ce qui est arrivé au cinéma, aux salles de
cinéma.
11188 CONSEILLER FRENCH
: Alors, le prochain étape après qu'on s'est mis d'accord que, de un, il faut
avoir un service public gratuit universel, et de deux, il pourrait y avoir des
carences financières dans le montage actuellement disponible afin d'effectuer
la transition vers le numérique. On est
tous d'accord que... on comprend votre proposition.
11189 La troisième
phase, on semble penser que, d'une façon ou d'une autre, il faudrait que le Conseil
extensionne sa juridiction sur l'internet.
On est d'accord que, dans la mesure où les services publics et privés
gratuits sont disponibles, le package est disponible gratuitement, qu'il est
peu probable qu'il soit disponible sur l'internet.
11190 Mais là, Monsieur
Fontaine, vous êtes arrivé là où je pensais que vous vouliez arriver
éventuellement, c'est qu'il y a un déplacement des investissements
publicitaires vers le net, puis on pense que ça va aller en augmentant, et on
peut penser que peut‑être monsieur Raunet avait sonné l'alarme un peu
tôt, mais enfin, il constate une réalité, qui est qu'il y a un déplacement
d'argent publicitaire aux dépens, dans une certaine mesure, nous présumons, des
télévisions conventionnelles ou généralistes, et spécialisées, d'ailleurs,
ultimement.
11191 Alors, la question
revient : De quelle manière le Conseil pourrait‑il imaginer de
réglementer ce flux publicitaire vers l'internet? Comment est‑ce qu'il identifierait le
quantum affecté? Comment est‑ce
qu'il utiliserait la loi actuelle pour couvrir ce déplacement‑là,
toujours présumant qu'il voulait avoir accès pour les fins que vous avez
préconisées?
11192 Toujours présumant
que le Conseil voudrait vous suivre dans cette recommandation‑là, quelles
sont vos recommandations très précises sur comment on va aller mettre cet
argent‑là sous la juridiction du Conseil pour qu'on puisse demander ou
exiger, soit les publicitaires, soit les récipiendaires de ces financements‑là,
des fournisseurs de services sur l'internet, de contribuer à la production...
11193 M. RAUNET : Il y a
peut‑être des changements législatifs qui sont nécessaires, mais là,
toujours, le principe, qui est d'ailleurs le même quand on demande que Radio‑Canada
ait accès au financement du Fonds canadien de télévision, c'est que toute
entité qui produit du contenu canadien a droit de recevoir les bénéfices
financiers de ce qu'il a mis sur le marché, et si ce marché se trouve sur
internet, il faut qu'on trouve un moyen pour que, aussi bien Gia Lepage que et
caetera reçoivent les bénéfices de cet effort.
11194 Alors,
techniquement, comment ça se passe, on n'a pas la réponse. On vous l'admet, on ne l'a pas. On n'a pas l'expertise technique là‑dessus. Nous sommes des volontaires là. Nous travaillons à autre chose à longueur
d'année. Donc, déjà, pour atteindre le
niveau d'expertise nécessaire pour répondre à vos audiences, considérez‑nous
comme des citoyens ordinaires là. On ne
passe pas notre vie à baigner dans les... à lire la réglementation. Mais il faut trouver le moyen, mais on ne l'a
pas le moyen. Peut‑être que mon
camarade en sait plus, mais moi, je n'en suis pas capable.
11195 M. FONTAINE : Si
on prend radiocanada.ca, radiocanada.ca, depuis un an et demi, lorsqu'on clique
et qu'on veut voir un reportage qui a été diffusé au téléjournal de la
veille... l'an dernier, il y avait une image, une publicité fixe qui se
retrouvait en quelque part sur l'écran.
11196 Cette année, avant
la diffusion... alors, vous voulez cliquer le reportage de monsieur ou de madame
X qui a parlé de l'Afghanistan au téléjournal.
Vous cliquez là‑dessus, mais avant de voir le reportage en
question, cette année, de façon aléatoire, vous pouviez vous taper une annonce
de Pontiac pendant 30 secondes, et par la suite, vous pouviez voir le reportage
que vous souhaitiez voir.
11197 Est‑ce que
le CRTC considère que c'est une pratique qui devrait être maintenue, qui
devrait être poursuivie? Si c'est le
libre marché, ce qu'on dit... effectivement, on n'a pas de modèle précis, mais
ce qu'on dit, c'est que si c'est le libre marché, s'il n'y a pas de
réglementation, c'est sûr qu'on ne peut pas dire, bon bien, vous ne pouvez pas
mettre 12 minutes à l'heure de publicité, ça ne fonctionne pas comme ça sur
internet. On comprend ça. O.K.
11198 Mais il doit y
avoir une autre formule, et elle doit être trouvée, parce que, éventuellement,
s'il n'y a aucune formule qui est trouvée, on va cliquer radiocanada.ca, on
pourrait, à la limite là ‑‑ je vais dans le ridicule ‑‑
avoir trois minutes de publicité de Pontiac, de Firestone et de je ne sais pas
trop qui, et là, on a accès, finalement, au site de radiocanada.ca pour voir
les reportages du téléjournal de la veille au soir.
11199 Est‑ce que
c'est ça qui est souhaitable pour ceux qui sont les gens qui regardent
aujourd'hui la télévision et qui vont demain plutôt se tourner vers internet,
et qui, bon, doivent avoir 12 minutes, pas plus de 12 minutes à l'heure de
publicité à la télévision, mais sur internet doivent, lorsqu'ils cliquent
radiocanada.ca, doivent se taper trois minutes en ligne de publicité?
11200 On n'a pas de
formule, mais on se dit que le Conseil doit éventuellement intervenir.
11201 CONSEILLER FRENCH
: Je vous remercie.
11202 Je peux clore tout
simplement en vous disant que vous voyez l'internet principalement comme une
extension d'un système que vous connaissez très bien, dans lequel vous vous
baignez, comme nous nous baignons dans la politique télévisuelle et
radiophonique, mais il y a là, à mon avis, une erreur fondamentale : l'internet
n'est pas une extension du système de radiodiffusion traditionnelle.
11203 Dans la mesure où
les contenus de radiodiffusion traditionnelle paraissent sur l'internet, c'est
peu probable qu'ils vont être l'engin ou le moteur ou la locomotive de quoi que
ce soit qui se passe sur le net.
11204 Donc, il y a une
problématique assez sérieuse à savoir comment faire ce que vous voulez qu'on
fasse, c'est‑à‑dire d'extensionner notre cadre réglementaire d'un
système pour lequel il a été destiné vers un système qui n'a rien à faire avec
ce système original là.
11205 Mais ça, c'est mon
avis. Vous pouvez avoir un autre avis,
c'est tout à fait votre droit. En tout
cas, si vous voulez ajouter, faites‑le, mais je vous remercie, de toute
façon.
11206 LE PRÉSIDENT :
Alors, Madame Babin, messieurs Raunet et Fontaine, nous vous remercions.
11207 Nous prendrons une
pause de 15 minutes. Donc, de retour à
onze heures.
‑‑‑ Suspension à
1042 / Upon recessing at 1042
‑‑‑ Upon resuming
at 1104 / Reprise à 1104
11208 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Order, please. À l'ordre, s'il vous plaît.
11209 Madame la
secrétaire...?
11210 LA
SECRÉTAIRE: Merci, Monsieur
le président.
11211 We will now
proceed with the next presentation of the Canadian Film and television
Production Association, CFTPA.
11212 Mr. Guy
Mayson will be introducing his panel, after which you will have
15 minutes for your presentation.
11213 Mr. Mayson...?
*PRESENTATION / PRÉSENTATION
11214 MR. MAYSON: Thank you.
11215 Mr. Chair, Members
of the Commission, my name is Guy Mayson, and I am the President and CEO of the
Canadian Film and Television Production Association.
11216 With me today are
four prominent Canadian producers. To my
immediate right, and going down the table in order, is Ira Levy, Executive
Producer of Breakthrough Films and Television of Toronto and Chair of the
CFTPA, Executive Producer of kid's animation shows such as "Atomic
Betty", "Dudley the Dragon", as well as high impact programming
such as "Little Miracles".
11217 Julia Keatley,
President of Keatley Entertainment of Vancouver, Co‑Creator and Executive
Producer of the drama series "Cold Squad" and
"Godiva's". Julia is a past
Chair of the Association and Co‑Chair's our Broadcast Relations
Committee, with Mr. Arnie Gelbart to her right.
11218 Arnie is the
President of Galafilm of Montréal and has produced MOWs such as "Hunt For
Justice", the Louise Arbour story, and "The Valour and the
Horror" documentary. He is
currently shooting "St. Urbain's Horseman" in Montreal.
11219 Next to Arnie we
have Stephen Ellis of Toronto Ellis Vision, also a past Chair of
the CFTPA. Stephen has primarily
focused on documentary programs such as "Tank Overhaul" for
the History Channel, and the long running profiles of nature series.
11220 Our panel also
includes, to Stephen's immediate right, John Barrack, our National Executive
Vice President and counsel of the CFTPA.
11221 To my left, Mario
Mota, the Association's Senior Director of Broadcast Relations and Research.
11222 We are also joined
by our colleagues from Nordicity Group, Dustin Trudeau behind us, and Barry
Kiefl from Canadian Media Research.
11223 The producers on
our panel have extensive experience in creating hundreds of hours of high‑budget
Canadian drama and feature films as well as documentary and children's
programs. They are well acquainted with
the realities of domestic production and how it is financed. It is these independent producers and their
colleagues who create the priority programming that conventional broadcasters
exhibit.
11224 It is producers
not broadcasters who make such shows as "Da Vinci's
Inquest", "Degrassi: The Next
Generation", "Corner Gas", "The Crazy Canucks"
and "Terry".
11225 The CFTPA
represents almost 400 companies that create, finance, produce, distribute
and market feature films, television programs and multi‑media
products. Our membership has a vital
interest in the program practices and commitments of our major customers,
Canada's broadcasters.
11226 What exactly is it
that producers do? They develop the
project, structure the financing, hire the creative talent and crews, control
the exploitation of the rights and deliver the finished product. They create programming in the high‑quality
and risk genres of drama, comedy, documentary, kids and performance
programming, what you call "priority programming".
11227 As such, the
independent production sector plays a vital role in the Canadian broadcasting
system, as recognized in the broadcasting Act.
11228 What do
broadcasters do in terms of priority programming? Many of them, not all, air entertainment
magazine programs produced in‑house that are intended to create a star
system in English Canada comparable to what has been achieved with great
success in Québec.
11229 Other than that,
they pay a fraction of the production costs to rent the content independent
producers have created for a specific number of airings. They determine where in the programs to
schedule and to slot the program and how much promotional support they will
provide to attract audiences.
11230 This policy review
hearing is important to our membership, as what comes out of it will serve as
the blueprint for the next several years.
11231 We greatly
appreciate that the CRTC has solicited comments on the future environment of
television and we especially appreciate that this Panel has been listening
attentively to the various views that have been put forward.
11232 You have heard
conflicting opinions about the economic health of the conventional television
sector and whether to retain or abandon existing protections or privileges.
11233 You have heard
that the appropriate time to talk about future commitments to Canadian priority
and drama programming is a license renewal, and you have heard the Canadian
public referred to as "consumers" or as "eyeballs". We call them "viewers" and what we
do every day is to provide them with a choice of a Canadian perspective on our
country, our world and our place in it.
11234 Our written
submission focused on the largest English‑language private conventional
TV broadcasters. We have made 22
recommendations related to the central objectives that the Commission has set
out for this policy review. They deal
with Canadian programming expenditures, advertising, fee for carriage, benefits
and ownership transactions and terms of trade, all which relate to the CRTC's
first two objectives for this hearing.
11235 Ira...?
11236 MR LEVY: Thank you, Guy.
11237 Over the past
several days we have heard lots about fee for carriage, the impact of distant
signals and the transition to digital HD and how difficult it would be to meet
some of the proposals before you with regards to Canadian program
expenditures. You have heard calls for
deregulation, for more regulatory flexibility.
11238 What you haven't
heard much about is the value and importance of Canadian programming on
Canadian television networks and what conventional broadcasters can do to give
it pride of place in the program schedules.
11239 What do we mean by
"pride of place"?
11240 We mean more
opportunities for Canadian audiences to view Canadian program options, a
preponderance of Canadian entertainment programming in peak viewing hours. We mean greater expenditures on Canadian
priority programming, particularly drama.
We mean a better balance in the funding equation, a proper financing
model so that both broadcasters and producers will be in a stronger position to
create and deliver appealing Canadian content.
11241 This requires a
more equitable relationship between the independent production community and
our broadcast partners. We are convinced
that reimposing Canadian program expenditures on conventional broadcasters will
be the most effective means of achieving these goals.
11242 The priority
programming expenditure levels we propose are less than half of what the CRTC
requires of Canada's pay and specialty television services, which is, on
average, 32 percent of revenues.
11243 As you have heard
from the CCAU and others, in 2005 Canadian drama expenditures represented just
3.6 percent of conventional television revenues. Just $1.00 for every $5.00 that conventional
TV broadcasters spend on drama is allocated to domestic content. This simply isn't good enough.
11244 Thanks to
regulatory initiatives such as simultaneous substitution, Canadian television
broadcasters are focused on foreign content during peak viewing hours. This means their program schedules are
arranged around the foreign buys.
11245 However, the
digital revolution affecting our industry is the very force that could render
Canadian broadcasting obsolete if it doesn't provide more than foreign content
to Canadian audiences. The content we
create is critical to their long‑term survival.
11246 In order for
Canadian content to be compelling enough to attract and retain viewers, we must
change the existing continuum in which such programming is developed and
exhibited. Our recommendations are
designed with that in mind.
11247 Julia...?
11248 MS KEATLEY: Thank you, Ira.
11249 Our
recommendations are intended to assist the Commission in framing Smart
Regulation for the conventional television industry for the next few
years. The last thing we want is to
increase the CRTC's administrative burden.
The basis of our proposals is clarity, transparency and fairness.
11250 In addressing
Canadian programming expenditures, the CFTPA decided to focus on priority
programming with respect to two indivisible components.
11251 The first is
expenditures and the second is exhibition.
11252 We recommend that
the largest conventional television licensees allocate 12 percent of
broadcast revenues to priority programming, increasing over the course of the
next license term to 15 percent. We
specify that the largest portion of this should be dedicated to the creation of
original Canadian drama.
11253 In calculating
expenditures, broadcasters should also not be permitted to include license fee
top‑ups from the Canadian Television Fund.
11254 Parallel with this
expenditure obligation, we have recommended that the Commission increase the
priority programming exhibition obligations.
Doing so would ensure that about half of the 28 hours per week in the
heart of prime time are devoted to quality Canadian entertainment
programming. Ultimately, this means that
for every "CSI" there is a "Da Vinci's Inquest", and
for every "Seinfeld" a "Corner Gas".
11255 Some broadcasters
have suggested that there is no need to require broadcasters to do priority
programming, because the marketplace will ensure that drama, comedy, variety
and documentaries get made.
11256 Your own data
since 1999 indicates that this is not the case.
There has been a decline in the exhibition of distinctively Canadian
drama series by conventional broadcasters over the past six or seven years,
despite the drama incentives that you have put in place.
11257 High quality
domestic drama, documentary and performance programming won't appear
in the heart of prime time on Canadian conventional television unless the
CRTC requires it.
11258 Broadcasters state
that they need the revenues from their popular American entertainment
programming to support their Canadian content.
However, as entrepreneurs surely they can see the wisdom of making a
more than token investment in a key component of their program offerings.
11259 When broadcasters
have supported Canadian programming with significant license fees, with
promotional support and with attentive, consistent scheduling, they have
achieved remarkable levels of audience interest, and the related advertising
revenue for their efforts. "Corner
Gas", "Degrassi: The Next
Generation", "Da Vinci's Inquest" and movies for television such
as "The Crazy Canucks" and "Terry", prove that with
sufficient broadcaster support prime time Canadian drama can attract large
audiences.
11260 And don't just
take this from us, Ivan Fecan told you last week that CTV's Canadian
programming currently gets very good audience response.
11261 Broadcasters are
claiming credit for exhibiting Canadian dramas that have also not been in
production for several years.
11262 Respectfully, the
CFTPA would recommend the CRTC tighten the priority
programming definition. It should
only apply to original programming.
11263 We have also asked
the Commission to eliminate the application of the 150 percent and
125 percent time credits against priority programming exhibition
requirements. Time credits merely reduce
the amount of priority programming that is made and lessen the amount of
Canadian original content in prime time.
11264 Arnie.
11265 MR. GELBART: Thank you, Julia.
11266 The question
is: Can Canada, like the U.K., Germany
and France where broadcasters pay up to 70 and 80 percent of the costs of
production, sustain a reasonable level of successful homegrown programming with
content that speaks to our own culture, to our own values and interests and
tell Canadians our own story?
11267 Can we afford not
to do this, living as we do beside the world's largest and most influential
creator of television programming, programming that also exports values and
world views that are not necessarily our own?
11268 We believe that
the profitable Canadian conventional television sector can well afford to
contribute significantly more to the creation, exhibition and promotion of
Canadian priority programming, much as they did 20 years ago when they
contributed up to a third of the budgets and not 20 percent, as they do today.
11269 Our written
submission made reference to a recent study of Canadian broadcasters' financial
performance and Canadian program expenditures that we commission from Nordicity
Group. The report indicates that the
largest English‑language conventional television licensees continue to
maintain very healthy and growing profit margins, while the independent
production sector lags considerably behind.
11270 I believe there is
an appendix that you have which shows this.
11271 Both broadcasters
and producers have to be in a healthy financial position if we are to nurture
and sustain a reasonable level of high quality, competitive Canadian
entertainment programming.
11272 Our television
screens offer a multitude of programming choices, including foreign content
that costs four or five times more to produce than the Canadian offering. We are convinced that a more equitable made‑in‑Canada
financing model is the key.
11273 Yes, producers are
looking for higher licence fees from conventional broadcasters. We believe that over‑the‑air
broadcasters should be prepared to take on a larger portion than the 20 percent
of the cost of creating original Canadian content that they now contribute in
keeping with the exclusive window they command when they commission original
content.
11274 The Association of
Canadian Advertisers told you in their written comments that conventional
television broadcasting continues to be a dominant force in Canadian
broadcasting and one of the main audience access tools advertisers use for
brand building.
11275 To help
conventional broadcasters achieve the higher level of financial support that we
seek, the CFTPA recommends that the CRTC lighten the existing limit on
advertising to permit conventional broadcasters to increase commercial messages
to 14 minutes per hour in simulcast programs.
11276 Stephen.
11277 MR. ELLIS: Thank you, Arnie.
11278 There is no doubt
that the question of fee for carriage has provoked the greatest amount of
discussion in this proceeding. Having
followed the various arguments, the CFTPA opposes access to subscriber fees for
conventional television broadcasters, consistent with our intervention.
11279 The broadcasters'
proposals are unconvincing, in our view, and we are alarmed by proposals that
any additional financial contributions that BDUs might be required to make,
whether to support small market broadcasters and/or to support local
programming, should be taken from their existing mandatory contribution of 5
percent of revenues.
11280 CRTC has already
permitted up to 40 percent of the cable contribution to be directed to
local expression on the community channel, has allocated .4 percent of the DTH
contribution to support small market convention television in lieu of program
deletion.
11281 In our view, it is
time for the Commission to restore the full 5 percent contribution to
independently administered funds intended for independent production. Doing so would help alleviate the CTF's
inability to meet all the demands on its funds and would balance the additional
financial input we are asking conventional broadcasters to make to original
Canadian programming.
11282 The CFTPA has also
asked for certain changes to the benefits policy in respect of television
ownership transactions. These include
implementing a sliding scale for tangible benefits related to the various
thresholds at which the Commission tracks the ownership balance of television
undertakings.
11283 We also want you
to close the existing loophole that seems to permit incremental share transfers
and structural reorganization with benefits only payable upon actual change of
control.
11284 We do not agree
with a proposal that transactions involving changes of ownership or control
involving TV undertakings with less than $10 million in revenues should be
exempt from the benefits test.
11285 Why? Because the TV broadcasting licence involved
in any ownership transaction, regardless of the monetary value ascribed to the
property, has public value under the Broadcasting Act.
11286 Important and
significant investments in Canadian programming have occurred because of
tangible benefits. Industry
consolidation is continuing, and it is important that the Commission retain
this tool for ensuring that public benefits derive from structural changes
amongst the players.
11287 Ira.
11288 MR. LEVY: Thank you, Stephen.
11289 We also want to
talk about terms of trade. What we mean
by this is a fairer partnership between the production and broadcast
sectors. We believe this can best be
achieved by documenting best practices that are comprehensive and self‑policing.
11290 We have heard
about monetizing the value of broadcast rights.
This, too, is part of terms of trade.
11291 We consider the
terms of trade agreements are the best means of rebalancing the inequities in
our dealings with broadcasters by clearly setting out principles concerning
such matters as program licensing rights, rights remuneration, revenue sharing
on ancillary rights and the best business practices that govern individual contracts.
11292 Terms of trade
will enable the independent production sector to develop healthy, viable
companies that have the financial capacity to develop new programming projects
and to put more creativity into developing content for the new digital platforms.
11293 It is one thing to
establish agreements between business partners; it is another to ensure that
there is some degree of transparency and accountability in the relationship,
particularly when there is an enormous disparity between the parties.
11294 We aren't asking
the Commission to put in place regulations governing these relationships, nor
to monitor each project that we undertake.
We are asking for some common‑sense measures to ensure that the
guiding principles are being respected.
11295 We have
recommended that you require broadcasters, by condition of licence, to enter
into such agreements with us.
11296 We have also
recommended that the Commission put in place a dispute resolution mechanism to
be used only in regard to breaches of the key underlying principles and that
each broadcaster report annually on their dealings with independent producers.
11297 Guy.
11298 MR. MAYSON: Thanks, Ira.
11299 Many different
numbers have been bandied about at the hearing: projected advertising revenues;
PBIT by industry sector; and the likely rate of growth or decline of
conventional broadcast television.
11300 It is true that
the PBIT of the independent production sector is less than one‑tenth out
of the large conventional television broadcasters. But the numbers that are important to the
independent production community involve providing the opportunity to create
more high quality original programming for Canadian viewers.
11301 What we have been
hearing over the past several days convinces us that Canadian broadcasters are
hooked on U.S. content. We are urging
you to reorient the system so that there are viable Canadian program offerings
in prime time. We are seeking a better
program funding model and for your help in ensuring a more level playing field
in our dealings with our broadcast partners.
11302 As the Minister of
Canadian Heritage said last month at the Canadian Association of Broadcasters,
it's the content that counts.
Independent producers care about Canadian audiences. They make the priority programming you asked
broadcasters to exhibit and in so doing they take on enormous financial risk.
11303 What we would like
to see as the outcome from this proceeding?
We would like recognition from you that a rebalancing of the partnership
between producers and broadcasters would go a long way towards ensuring that
the Canadian broadcasting system in future continues to meet the goals set for
it by Parliament.
11304 We would like to
see an equal partnership with both broadcasters and producers contributing to
the creation of programming for Canadian and world audiences.
11305 The CRTC must send
a strong and clear message to conventional television broadcasters that it will
be looking for serious commitments to priority programming when they appear
before you over the next couple of years, whether for ownership transactions or
for licence renewals.
11306 We want to see
evidence that Canadian broadcasters are making Canadian programming their
number one priority. That is what we
mean by preponderance. Broadcasters must
understand that 5‑to‑1 is no longer acceptable. Canadian audiences deserve more Canadian
program choices, and Canadian programming must be central to the prime time
schedules of conventional broadcasters.
11307 In an environment
of evolving delivery systems there must be a critical mass of attractive
Canadian content available to viewers.
Without this there is no progress, and without progress there is no choice.
11308 Thank you for your
attention today. We would be pleased to
answer any questions you may have.
11309 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Thank you, Mr. Mayson.
11310 I will ask
Commissioner Cugini to initiate the first questions.
11311 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
11312 Ms Keatley and
gentlemen, welcome, and thank you for your participation in these proceedings.
11313 I think the way I
am going to do this is go through perhaps some of the detail in your oral
presentation just for some clarification, and then we will move on to larger
areas of your recommendations.
11314 Mr. Mayson, should
I direct my questions to you and you will then pass it on?
11315 MR. MAYSON: As you wish.
I will direct the questions ‑‑
11316 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Would you put your
microphone on, please.
11317 MR. MAYSON: Sorry.
As you wish. I will direct the
questions to the appropriate person perhaps for the best answer.
11318 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: As I have said to large groups
that have appeared before us over the last week and the last couple of days, if
any of you want to add anything to anything that any of your colleagues have
said, just put your microphone on. And
I'm sure my colleagues will tap me on the shoulder if I don't see it.
11319 In your oral
presentation you said that:
"Broadcasters are claiming
credit for exhibiting Canadian dramas that have not been in production for
several years. Respectfully, the CFTPA
recommends that the CRTC tighten the priority programming definition. It should only apply to original
programming."
11320 What is your
definition of "original"? We
have seen a number of different versions of what original is in some of the
submissions. Corus, I think, submitted
that what original should mean is that if it's the first time airing on any one
broadcast licence, then that should be original.
11321 What is your
definition of original in this context?
11322 MR. MAYSON: I will let everyone comment on that.
11323 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Sure.
11324 MR. MAYSON: I think the conclusion we have come to is
really an original program is a show that is made for that station initially,
with two repeats involved as well. It is
a fairly standard term.
11325 Our issue has been
the extended use of programming over and over and over again in certain cases.
11326 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: So if CTV sells "Corner
Gas" ‑‑ I'm trying to think of a specialty service that
it doesn't own.
11327 If it sells it to
TVtropolis, for example ‑‑‑
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
11328 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: That wasn't meant to be funny,
people.
11329 If it sells it to
TVtropolis and TVtropolis airs "Corner Gas", you would not consider
that show to be original when it airs on TVtropolis.
11330 MR. MAYSON: No, we wouldn't. I think the issue there ‑‑
the issue for us is usually the actual licence term and a proper payment for
the use of the product.
11331 If it's a separate
sale involved with a separate licence term, then we would in that case consider
it I think an original sale.
11332 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: In the next paragraph you ask
that the Commission eliminate the application of the 150 percent and 125
percent time credit.
11333 Is that regardless
of whether or not we accept all your other recommendations that relate to
priority programming and specifically drama?
11334 In other words, if
we keep priority programming at the current level and we don't change the
categories and we don't mandate a spending requirement and we don't mandate the
number of hours of drama within priority programming, do you still want us to
eliminate the time credit.
11335 MR. MAYSON: I would say yes. The core of our recommendations is really
about building a preponderance of Canadian programming and priority programming
in prime time. So we would see all of
our recommendations going together.
11336 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Advertising, you say that you
would agree to permitting conventional broadcasters to increasing to 14
minutes, but you added "per hour in simulcast programs".
11337 Exclusively? If there was an opportunity to sell 14
minutes of advertising in an hour of Canadian programming, you wouldn't agree
to that?
11338 It is just because
you added "in simulcast programs" in your oral presentation.
11339 MR. MAYSON: Logically, I think we would extend the 14
across the board obviously. I think the
simulcast is simply a concession to where we see it being used primarily and in
terms of the new incentive programs and American programming where it is
finding its most benefit.
11340 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: I may be getting my submissions
confused.
11341 Do you recommend
eliminating the drama incentives that are currently in place?
11342 MR. MAYSON: If we proceed with our recommendations, we
would see no need for the drama incentive program, no.
11343 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: So if we were to eliminate the
drama incentives, you agree to the 14 minutes. What if we keep the drama incentives? Would you still agree with allowing
14 minutes of advertising?
11344 MR. MAYSON: I think we would have to look at that
question. It is an interesting question.
11345 We would see I
think as perhaps ‑‑ my initial reaction would be it is an
either/or situation there, but in terms of why maintain the drama incentive
program and simply allow ‑‑ you should simply allow
14 minutes of advertising across the board for all programming.
11346 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: All right. Thank you.
11347 Your terms of
trade recommendation. You did clarify a
little bit this morning in your oral presentation how you see the Commission
involved in, first of all, encouraging broadcasters to enter into a terms of
trade, but also in the enforcement that it become a condition of license.
11348 You asked that
each broadcaster report annually on their dealings with independent producers,
but the broadcasters now are required to file an annual report outlining all
activities related to the licensing of independent production, details on
project budgets, number of hours of independently produced programming,
production locations and details regarding the location of the producer's home
base. They are made public so that
producers and interested parties can monitor progress in this area.
11349 What, in addition
to this information that the broadcasters currently submit in their annual
report, would you be looking for when you say that they are to report annually
on their dealings with independent producers?
11350 MR. MAYSON: I think I will let other members of the panel
comment on this because we are actively involved in negotiation right now with
CTV for example on terms of trade. I
think where it is perhaps difficult for the Commission to deal with this issue
is without having a draft of something in front of them what are you actually
trying to do here.
11351 I think basically
what we are attempting to do is to have a framework guided by key principles
which would guide negotiation for producers dealing with broadcasters, getting
a basic agreement in terms of license terms, exploitation of rights, a broad
range perhaps of what kinds of license fees are acceptable or normal, this type
of thing.
11352 I think it is not
a contract, but it is a framework for discussion. We like to think of it as a kind of
minimum standard being established by the broadcaster in their dealings
with independent producers.
11353 So what we would
like to see, in addition to the kind of reporting you are getting currently, is
a reporting on the state of negotiations, what is the ‑‑ you
basically have an agreement in front of you as a Commission saying, "Okay,
so how is this being reported on? Any
problems with this?" Essentially
just an expansion in terms of the terms of negotiation and contracting that
would be reported back to the Commission, and if there are any potential
problem areas, or areas where there has been difficulty, have them identified.
11354 Ira, do you want
to comment on this?
11355 Ira has been very
much involved, along with Julia and Stephen, in our negotiations, so it may be
worth listening to them actually.
11356 MR LEVY: Yes. I
think in terms of, for example, what we are doing with CTV in the negotiations
on terms of trade is, we are looking at a lot of different areas.
11357 First of all, we
are trying to codify the type of business practices that should exist across
the board. The type of business
practices we are talking about are things like:
How long does it take when you put a proposal in to a broadcaster? Can they turn it around within 30 days? Sometimes with various different broadcasters
it takes months and months and months and months to get a response on
something. That is not very healthy.
11358 So in terms of
sort of just those basic types of business practices, that is a very important
part of terms of trade.
11359 But of course the
other part really has to do with saying that there are different rights that
have different monetary value and by breaking them out and understanding what
those monetary values are, what that allows us to do, as the rightsholders of
the program, is to actually get additional revenue on a go‑forwards basis
and build up the health and the capacity of our companies.
11360 So this is not
something that is new. Our model really
comes from the U.K. and that is what has happened in the U.K. between
independent producers producing for the broadcasters over in the U.K.
11361 Stephen...?
11362 MR. ELLIS: Yes.
In fact, what we are proposing in Canada ‑‑ although it
does take a leaf out of the CFTPA equivalent in the U.K. ‑‑
PACT it is called ‑‑ out of their book. What we are proposing is not nearly as
intrusive in the marketplace as what the British situation is today.
11363 In the U.K. there
was a complete re‑regulation of the marketplace in the interest of
maintaining a healthy program supply. It
was seen as being in the public interest by the U.K. regulator Ofcom. So they actually got to the point of
prescribing very specific license fee levels and very proscriptive rules, regs
and in fact penalties for failure to follow these guidelines.
11364 What we are trying
to benefit from there is some of that experience and applying it to the unique
aspects of the Canadian model. We are
not looking at the Commission to kind of act as the policeman in this process,
but I think experience has shown ‑‑ and this goes back to your
question about the transparency of reporting on what is going on on an annual
basis, when we look back as producers, those of us who have been around, a
number of us at the table for a decade or two or more, you see the erosion of
the value of the rights that are conveyed by the producers, the broadcasters.
11365 So 20 years ago
you would have seen three telecasts being conveyed to one channel for a license
fee or a privilege of three to five years.
Today it is not usual to arrive at the table to find that you are being
asked to part with 10‑year rights and unlimited plays on an expanded
number of channels that might be within the same ownership group.
11366 So over time that
has kind of arisen on an incremental basis and it would be useful, we think,
simply to be able to monitor that and from time to time provide the ability to
course correct for the industry, but to do so on a kind of more of a self‑policing
basis simply by virtue of the transparency, knowing that the Commission is
there ultimately backing the process and if need be ‑‑ and I
think we proposed a dispute resolution mechanism.
11367 But again, it is
not one that we would anticipate the Commission would ever have to use, because
we are dealing here with a marketplace in which program deals are made in
relatively short periods of time. So the
moment you have to go to dispute resolution you know that show is not going to
see the light of day.
11368 So it is in everyone's
interest to make deals, but we think it is important to have the weight of the
Commission behind the process.
11369 MR. BARRACK: Bottom line, back to your question,
essentially is that once all of that is put in place, once you have that in
front of you, simply to provide you with a report card on that: Is it working; is it not? We are not asking you to resolve the
disputes, but if there are disputes you need to know about them.
11370 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Thank you. That does provide more clarity on the issue.
11371 Mr. Ellis, you are
right, maybe as recently as only five years ago the whole discussion of
ancillary rights and exploitation of rights and who should be exploiting those
rights probably was not part of the discussion as much as it is today.
11372 So based on your
experiences, what are the key elements in terms of the broadcaster's ask of you
for those ancillary rights and what is important for you to retain in order to
be able to exploit your product?
11373 MR. MAYSON: Do you want to carry on?
11374 MR. ELLIS: I think Ira touched on a little bit of some
of the sort of just normal process and timelines that producers depend on in
order to initially bring their ideas into the idea marketplace that precedes
production and to not be necessarily tied up with particular broadcasters. That may be the obvious first stop, but not
necessarily one where you want to park your idea for a long period of time.
11375 Some of that is
pretty straightforward.
11376 I think the key to
is, because of the trend towards the limited number of owners of a large number
of television networks, and now as you mentioned the number of additional
platforms of exploitation that are coming available, it is key that there are
separate and distinct negotiations and payment for the rights to these various
different forms of exploitation, either within a large broadcast group that has
multiple outlets, but also in terms of mobile platform, internet platform and a
number of platforms that will probably spring into being by the time the TV
Policy ink is dry.
11377 So that is one of
the major challenges, which is tough when you are sitting in a position
where that client of yours has not only every reason to acquire everything they
possibly can for the money they are putting on the table, but they are also
naturally trying to defend their brand in the marketplace.
11378 So it is an
interesting power struggle and one that we think we can help balance
out on behalf of the members of this Association. I think we mentioned there are upwards of
400 members, but an awful lot of them are small enterprises of a handful
of employees who are just coming up with great program ideas.
11379 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Does each right become a
separate negotiation?
11380 MR. MAYSON: Can I comment?
11381 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Please.
11382 MR. MAYSON: I was just going to add to Stephen's
point. That is a very, very good
question, because I think one very important aspect of terms of trade is some
recognition that different territories, different modes of exploitation are
recognized as a separate negotiation with a separate value attached to it.
11383 We recognize at
the end of the day in terms of negotiation you might end up with a single price
for that, but what is the reality now is that there is very little discussion
of those other exploitations of any of those others areas, it is basically
linked to an initial broadcast license fee.
11384 While there is
some concession to, well, maybe we will revenue‑share or something, for
us the principle of separate negotiations, separate remuneration, separate
terms, length, uses, very, very important.
11385 It is absolutely
what they have done in the U.K. As
Stephen says, we are not trying to codify it in that manner, but if there is a
recognition that these things definitely have separate values as we go forward
some of the ancillary exploitation is going to be extremely important. Nobody is quite sure where the money is there
now, but it is very important that it is recognized as being a separate discussion,
a separate contract in some cases.
11386 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Would that include merchandising
and licensing?
11387 Mr. Levy,
perhaps in with your programming, some of the children's programming that you
have done, would that include merchandising and licensing or do you retain
those rates for yourself?
11388 MR LEVY: Well, we do generally retain those rates,
certainly in the children's area. But
again, it is an area for negotiation and you certainly wouldn't want to have to
cede those rights over to a broadcaster just for getting a broadcast
licence. I think that is the key element
here.
11389 The other that I
was just sort of thinking about while Guy was talking is, you know, the reason
why you want to have healthy companies, well capitalized companies, therefore
having rights that you can sell in an orderly manner, is to have healthy
independent producers. The reality is,
with conventional and specialty channels, it is the independent producers that are
producing that priority programming for the most part.
11390 When you see
healthy broadcasters, which is a good thing for the system clearly, profitable,
you want to see healthy independent producers.
This is a way of actually achieving that and it is a fair way of
actually starting to level the playing field and seeing yourself as an
independent producer producing this content as a partner with the broadcaster,
but it is levelling the playing field.
11391 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: How about high definition?
11392 Do you all produce
in high definition currently?
11393 I'm sorry, you
have to turn on your microphone, otherwise you don't get on the record.
11394 MR. GELBART: I think it is interesting to read the other
interventions.
11395 Yes, we produce
everything in high definition. We have
for a couple of years now. I think that
it is going to become ‑‑ it has now become so obvious that,
first of all, the demand is there. You
can't sell to some major, let's say American broadcasters, unless it is high
definition. As soon as high definition kicks
in in the U.S., I think then not only will we be at a disadvantage if we don't
have high definition outlets and high definition programs, it will just be
massive high definition starting I think 2008 or 2009.
11396 So the switch over
is inevitable and I think, as you can see by just the sale this Christmas of
big television sets, et cetera, I think that the marketplace has already,
because they love gadgets or whatever the reason, chosen high definition. People who have the high definition sets
won't look at other television.
11397 So I think it is
an argument and the problem we have in Canada is that we haven't taken up that
challenge as seriously as we should have two or three years ago.
11398 But again, here is
a problem to compare it to that, that we are being asked to produce in
high definition, but we are not being paid extra money for it. So there is this tension
with broadcasters in that yes, they need it and want it and they want
to future proof it in high definition, but they are not necessarily
willing to pay the extra costs.
11399 MR. MAYSON: If you don't mind, I would like to ask Mario
Moto to comment on it. We did do a
survey of our own members on high definition, and Arnie really touched on it. I think there is clearly a huge demand for
high definition product now, and differences in budgets are basically being
picked up by the producer. The licence
fees haven't changed dramatically at all.
11400 Do you want to
comment on that?
11401 MR. MOTO: Just on the cost. There is no doubt that producers are taking
the initiative in being asked to absorb those extra costs, and some of them
are.
11402 The difficulty
with this sector, in the sense that there are so many small players, is the
financial capacity just isn't there to take on those extra costs.
11403 We did a survey of
our memberships and it's by all means not scientific in any way, because it is
a very small sample size. But generally
speaking, two‑thirds of our members were doing HD. You have to keep in mind, though, that the
sample is probably skewed to larger companies that probably have the greater
financial capacity to take those costs on themselves, but a telling stat was
largely the costs were about 20 percent more for the majority of the people
that were doing them.
11404 There isn't
national data on HD production in any form and that is part of the
problem. We really don't, as public
policy‑makers yourselves, and others, we really don't have accurate data
to assess where the money is going and what the extra costs are and such.
11405 Certainly the CTF
is a good place to go and in their annual report they started breaking out some
data on the costs of HD productions that they are helping to fund versus
SD. The stats are quite telling.
11406 Essentially,
English language drama had 40 percent higher budgets on the HD side, average
budgets, than generally the average CTF supported English language drama. And I think the documentary drama is twice
the amount.
11407 Certainly we are
seeing trends that the costs are coming down. With new technologies that always
happens. But there is still a wide gap
there.
11408 It is very
difficult for the producers to pick up that tab, given the situation they are
in.
11409 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: The respondents to the OMDC
Survey, for example, producers said that if they don't produce in high
definition they don't have a chance of selling their product internationally.
11410 Is that your
experience as well?
11411 MS KEATLEY: I was actually just going to add that
point. I think that is one of the main
reasons about two or three years ago, not only were broadcasters demanding it
in Canada, of course they are demanding it internationally.
11412 And going back to
our issues with holding onto rights, of course usually the international rights
have still been held by us and to be able to sell that internationally, we
absolutely had to be producing in HD.
11413 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Thank you.
11414 I am now going to
move on to the specifics of your recommendations in terms of requiring the over‑the‑air
broadcasters to increase their contribution in terms of spending, in terms of
exhibition.
11415 Priority
programming, you recommend that 12 percent of broadcasting revenue go to
priority programming, increasing to 15 percent by the end of the licence term.
11416 If you were here
for the CCUA, you know that I asked them on what basis did they come up with
their percentage.
11417 So I'm going to
ask you: On what basis did you come up
with 12 percent, increasing to 15 percent?
11418 MR. MAYSON: That's an excellent question, and again
people should comment.
11419 It starts with the
hours. I think the key thing here, which
perhaps we should have underlined more clearly in our original submission, was
just the move towards reclaiming prime time and having 15 ultimately of your 28
prime time hours occupied by Canadian programming. Obviously it raises the question of how do
you pay for that.
11420 To us, the hours
requirement is very important, as is the expenditure requirement. The two are related. That is the logic right there.
11421 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: If we were to say fine, thank
you, but you know what, we're going to keep the broadcasters to eight hours of
priority programming, would your spending requirement recommendation change?
11422 MR. MAYSON: As I said, they are related. We would be very disappointed in that result,
actually.
11423 I think it is
important. To us, expenditure is
extremely important. All you have to do
is look at the difference in the specialty market. And do expenditure requirements work? I think they do. I think you can make a pretty good case for
it, actually.
11424 You could
certainly haggle over the relationship between hours and expenditures, but I
think expenditures are probably at the top of the list.
11425 Having said that,
in terms of our proposal, they are very closely related because you need a
critical mass of programming as well.
11426 MR. ELLIS: If I could just add to that, I think we as
producers have to remember that we are competing for Canadian audiences against
some pretty compelling programming in terms of cost.
11427 Regardless of the
number of hours that are out there, typically the Hollywood studios are
spending four times the amount of cash that Canadian producers are to make one
hour of production. So there is no doubt
that we are more competitive if we are able to spend more on a per‑hour
basis.
11428 An interesting
stat I heard recently from a Canadian producer that provides some of the
special effects for the "Superman Returns" movie was that their total
special effects budget for that one film was $17 million, which is more than
Canadian broadcasters spend in the private sector on all Canadian drama rolled
into one.
11429 It is unimaginable
the scale differential between what the Americans are able to bring in the way
of resources to attracting audiences.
11430 To compete against
that, I think we have to keep in mind that we need to reclaim prime time. We also need to do it on a basis that will
successfully attract the audience.
11431 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Is your recommendation for
priority programming tied in any way to maintaining the current definition of
priority programming; that is, the categories that make up priority programming
today?
11432 We've heard
broadcasters say you need to let us add more categories. One broadcaster said everything but news,
sports and public affairs. Another said
just let us add Category 11 to the definition of priority programming, because
we need the flexibility to meet the viewers' tastes and needs.
11433 How is your
recommendation tied to any of those suggestions, if it is?
11434 MR. MAYSON: Certainly over the years we have had issues
with the current definition of priority programming, and we do raise I think
the issue of entertainment type programmings in our own submission. We don't in any way say those shows are
invalid. I think everyone recognizes
that those are very important shows.
11435 We just want to
make sure they are actually Canadian shows and actually doing what they were
intended to do.
11436 Our priority
recommendation is really based on the existing definition. We would certainly like to look at what
somebody ‑‑ I know that some of the broadcasters suggested
expansion in certain areas. We might not
necessarily disagree with some of that.
11437 Over the years we
have always felt the priority definition was a little too elastic in certain
areas.
11438 Having said that,
our recommendations are based on the current definition.
11439 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: So you have given yourself
homework for the reply phase, by December 20th, I see.
11440 Specifically
referring to your drama recommendation, you again recommend that revenues
increase from the current level of 3.6 percent to 10 percent, increasing
to 12 percent by the end of the licence term.
11441 Is that in
addition to the previous recommendation that we just talked about? Or is it 10 percent of the 12 percent to
be dedicated to drama?
11442 MR. MAYSON: It's included.
11443 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: You also talked in your written
submission about script and concept development.
11444 Do you think there
should be a percentage of that that is devoted exclusively to script and
concept development?
11445 MR. MAYSON: Script and concept we would see as eligible
expenditure, essentially, within a drama expenditure requirement. It's a cost that is normally ‑‑
I would like my colleagues to comment ‑‑ assumed by the
producer.
11446 In fairness,
broadcasters will often contribute to that process.
11447 Does anybody want
to comment?
11448 It certainly
should be included in terms of the ‑‑
11449 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: But you don't find it necessary
that we say of that 10 percent, 8 percent should be devoted to script and
concept development.
11450 MR. MAYSON: My own feeling would be that would sort of
micro‑managing this to a point.
11451 If I comment with
just a general comment on the expenditure requirement, to me it is ultimately
simpler to administer. You don't want
that to be micro‑managing the broadcasters in this in any way. It is a significant increase in requirement,
but at the same time there should be some latitude now in how it is
administered and broadcasters should not be micro‑managed in any way.
11452 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: What are you using as your
definition of drama? Does that include
MOWs, mini series, bio picks, as we've heard?
11453 MR. MAYSON: The current definition.
11454 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: The current definition is
sufficient.
11455 MR. MAYSON: Yes.
11456 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Thank you.
11457 Product
placement. You as producers, first of
all, how do you feel about product placement?
Is there a demand for your productions to include some product
placement?
11458 I regret not
having asked ACTRA and the actors that were here on Monday, but do you receive
any resistance from the actors who perform in your productions?
11459 For example, if
the script calls for someone to drink a cup of coffee, do they care if it says
Tim Hortons on the cup?
11460 MR. BARRACK: As the person who is fortunate enough to
negotiate across the table from ACTRA, we are currently in bargaining with
ACTRA right now and that has not come up.
You do hear anecdotally from time to time that it is a concern. But certainly in their proposals that are
currently on the table, there are no proposals vis‑à‑vis product
placement.
11461 Similarly in the
round of Writers Guild bargaining that we just concluded, product placement was
not an issue on the table in that round of bargaining.
11462 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: But would you have any
objections to us saying that product placement falls outside of the limitation
on advertising?
11463 MR. BARRACK: I will turn that back to my colleagues.
11464 MR. MAYSON: Actually, I should let Julia comment on this
because it is a complicated issue in many ways, frankly, if there is a
possibility for additional financing here.
Producers are always looking for additional financing, frankly.
11465 I think the issue
from a producer's standpoint is it's a possible control issue in terms of who
is actually running the show and what is the purpose of the show. So there are some creative issues there.
11466 You should expand
on that.
11467 MS KEATLEY: I think that product placement has actually
been part of our world for a long time.
We were talking yesterday and we were saying what was it, Reeses Pieces
and ET that goes back to probably the first time we all thought about it in
that way.
11468 I had put product
placement that isn't paid in programming for ten years.
11469 I think what Guy
just specifically brought up, it's now getting into the issue of because you
are actually having to write it into a script, I've actually not received too
much attention from actors; some from writers who don't necessarily want it.
11470 I think you get to
a certain point where you are saying are you compromising or where are you
crossing over into sponsorship versus whatever?
I think we have all seen various elements of that, whether it be in
variety programming or something like that where the Coke can is absolutely so
prominent.
11471 So it is the
control issue. I think it is the extent
to which, we have found in our own discussions, different producers have had
more control over it themselves or been able to drive that revenue and just put
it back into production.
11472 I think yet again
that comes down to sort of a rights and control issue for us; that we think we
should be in control of that, if that is necessary, and not having it be
specifically dictated to us.
11473 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: That would be something,
therefore, that you would want to see included in a terms of trade agreement.
11474 MR. LEVY: I think, as well, we also have to think of
the audience. What they are used to
seeing is the show with the commercials.
If the whole one hour becomes a large commercial or an infomercial
really, I think that would be a shame.
That's not the stories that I think audiences really want to tag into or
be involved with.
11475 When you see
commercials at the beginning of your DVDs when you rent your DVD, people tend
to skip over them. They just don't want
to be sold something all the time, especially while they are being told a
story.
11476 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Another area of
questioning ‑‑ and perhaps I may risk overstating the obvious.
11477 You would, I would
assume ‑‑ and correct me if I am wrong ‑‑
agree that we maintain the requirement that 75 percent of priority programming
be produced by independent producers?
11478 MR. MAYSON: We certainly would, yes; absolutely.
11479 In fact, we I
think in our benefits recommendation that we are talking about even raising it
in some cases. But yes, we certainly
maintain the principle.
11480 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Again, if you were here to hear
my discussion with the CCUA and the broadcasters' position that that perhaps is
the time to reduce that 75 percent. They
need a little bit more flexibility. It
shouldn't matter who produces the program as long as it's programming that
Canadians want to view. They no longer
own the big production companies. This
is a legacy rule that is no longer required.
11481 And they, too,
need to own programming so that those ancillary rights that we talked about
earlier can be exploited as an additional source of revenue for the
broadcasters.
11482 I would like to
get your reaction to the broadcasters' position.
11483 MR. MAYSON: I will comment briefly and let everyone have
their own say on it.
11484 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Were you expecting this
question?
11485 MR. MAYSON: I think it is interesting, because the entire
production world contains the independent production, location shooting, in‑house
production. We do our annual profile
every year of a comprehensive view of the industry.
11486 The only real
growth sector in the last few years in a major way has been in‑house.
11487 I think the
creation of the independent sector has been smart public policy, good public
dollar investment. You don't want to
undermine that in any way. I think
independent producers have a much harder time of it ultimately than producing
in‑house.
11488 So you don't need
to be encouraging further in‑house production, with all due respect. I think broadcasters have other sources of
revenues, independent producers have a single source of revenue, which is
essentially broadcasters and the world market.
11489 So I think
relaxing that, I don't see any real public policy purpose in that at all.
11490 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Would anybody else care to
comment?
11491 MR. ELLIS: Yes.
11492 Well, when you
look at the definition in fact as it has been applied in a number of
decision, as I understand it anyway, the 75 percent includes as
independent productions by a company that is owned up to 30 percent by a
broadcaster. So that allows for a fair
bit of cross‑ownership of content through that vehicle.
11493 In‑house
production, I think there is a certain leverage that producers bring to the
table by virtue of the fact that a broadcaster typically puts a quarter ‑‑
anywhere from 20 to 30 percent on the table for a production, so the
notion of doing more in‑house production brings with it tripling at
least, if not quadrupling, the cost of a given production.
11494 I think the Indies
are protected to some extent by that marketplace reality, but at the same time
I believe the Act says that the Indie sector should be providing a significant
contribution and we think that the level that has been set is an appropriate
one.
11495 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Why do you say that
bringing it in‑house would triple or quadruple the cost?
11496 MR. ELLIS: Well, one assumes that if a broadcaster is
writing the cheques for a production they are exposed to the full cost of
production. If they acquire from an
independent, they would pay a license fee, usually on an average basis in the
range of 20 percent, so the producer would have to go out and find the
other 80 percent. So that
broadcaster is effectively saving 80 percent of the cost of production by
working with an Indie.
11497 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: All right.
11498 MR. GELBART: In fact, just to perhaps correct an
impression that was given to Monsieur Arpin earlier on that Radio‑Canada
and CBC don't have access to the CTF, et cetera, that is totally ‑‑
although they work through independent production, the CTF ‑‑
37 percent of the envelope of the CTF goes directly to CBC and Radio‑Canada.
11499 So while I can
understand people working within those institutions have seen the amount of
work that is being asked of them migrate to the independent sector, the reality
is for the network itself it has, by fiat now, they have 37 percent of the
CTF envelope.
11500 Therefore, when
you gave the example of Virginie which migrated from Radio‑Canada ‑‑
this I think speaks to Stephen's example ‑‑ it just costs
Radio‑Canada less out of their own budget to produce it through the
producer, who is also the writer as it happens, than to produce it in‑house.
11501 So in terms of the
CBC and Radio‑Canada, it was more advantageous for them to have it
produced because it only cost them, you know, 20 percent instead of
100 percent of the cost of a program.
11502 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: I think the broadcasters to some
extent may agree with you and may therefore say: Thank you.
You are reinforcing our argument that having it there as an
absolute requirement isn't necessary because we are not going to abandon
the independent production community, because we can't produce everything we
want to produce in‑house, because it might be either too expensive
or because their facilities just wouldn't allow for that kind of production,
that there will always be a reliance to some extent on the independent production
community.
11503 MR. GELBART: Of course.
11504 Our issue is not
with the broadcasters as partners. Of
course they need us ‑‑ we hope they need us and we need
them. The question is really a
balance: Given that they are a gateway
to the audience, what is a fair share of their contribution to the cost of
making a program.
11505 When we are asking
for more money, it isn't money that is coming to us, it is money that we are
investing in making programs that cost more because they are in HD or because
union rates have gone up, or whatever else.
11506 So what we are
saying within the system is: Should we
be paid more ‑‑ or should the broadcasters contribute a larger
proportion of that cost, something higher than 17.5 percent in the case
of drama, to the cost of the making of the program. Just where is the money within the system and
what is a fair kind of balance between what they contribute to the
making of that program to the overall cost of that program.
11507 The thing about
the other reason I think broadcasters would like to work with us, and I think
CTV is a very good example of it, they are getting the best ideas from around
the country at the best price.
11508 That has been the
reason, I think that is why it is sort of decentralized from just having CBC or
Radio‑Canada be the producers of all content, is that it opened up a
whole world of new ideas from around the country, new talent, whether it is
"Corner Gas" or "Robson Arms" or stuff that is made in
Halifax. I think that has been a great
thing about the system.
11509 So I think what we
are really saying is, can we have a better balance within that system so
that broadcasters pay a larger share.
The government contributes, now I think it is the turn of the
broadcasters.
11510 COMMISSIONER CUGINI: Thank you.
11511 Now, one of the
advantages of appearing before us on the last day of any hearing is you got to
hear what everybody has asked of us in terms of mandating everything from
program categories to spending, to number of hours.
11512 Now that we have a
clearer picture of what you recommendations are in terms of prime time in
particular, what I would like is to ask you to help us in balancing all of
those requests.
11513 We have heard this
week people say:
11514 "Ah, local
news and information programming, it is decreasing. They must be mandated to do a certain amount
of local new and public affairs programming."
11515 "Documentary,
it is going by the wayside". Some
of you produce documentary programming.
We had a recommendation that two hours of documentary programming be
included in prime time as mandated.
11516 We have been asked
that children's programming be included in the definition of priority
programming. There have been a lot of
asks.
11517 If we take your
recommendations, what is the cost of implementing yours?
11518 Could we be losing
regional programming for example? Could
the broadcasters say "If we have to do all this drama and spend all this
money on priority programming, something has to give. We may have to close more local newsrooms or,
you know what, we just won't be able to afford regional production any more
because there have just been too many asks.
11519 So help us in our
deliberations, when we go back into that little room to balance all of these
requests that we have received, in order to improve what people think we should
improve on behalf of over‑the‑air broadcasters?
11520 MR. MAYSON: I will comment first. I'm sure everybody has an opinion on that.
11521 That is a big
question. I think is probably a hugely
important one which you are going to be wrestling with I realize.
11522 I think, from our
perspective, the critical battle now is really a battle for
prime time going forward and it creating a critical mass of attractive
Canadian programming from all parts of the country. The Canadian producers you see here produce
regionally, the funding system in many ways encourages that.
11523 I realize as
independent producers we are biased in that respect, but to us the challenge
clearly is in prime time. Canadian
viewers watch Canadian news. The area
where Canadian viewers are not watching, to the extent that they could be, is
in prime time. It is a battle with
foreign program. It has been a
traditional problem, but it is not getting dramatically better.
11524 So I think as
delivery systems change, as people ‑‑ my kids watch television
a very different way than I do and they still like to see Canadian shows,
though they see it in a very different way.
So it is all about content ultimately and creating an attractive body of
content.
11525 I think for
conventional broadcasters the key is going to be let's re‑establish the
partnership, let's strengthen that partnership, but it is going to mean a new
investment I think on their part. On our
part, too. I think the funding model is
all about they put up some money and we find the rest of it.
11526 So I realize it's
a major challenge, but we are at a crossroads I think and certainly in the
conventional world it is not disappearing, it is doing extremely well in all the
other markets, all the other ways people are seeing programming, in many way
triggering still off the conventional window, and also the specialty window
too.
11527 Television to me
is still very, very important and the battle, the real challenge for you
is what do we do with prime time and priority programming. That really is why people are watching
television ultimately.
11528 I think with all
due respect to news, it is a hugely important thing, but people are watching it
already.
11529 Anybody else? Go ahead.
11530 MS KEATLEY: I think that with the recent announcement
over the last week or so that CBC is actually going back into local news should
actually sort of put an emphasis on that it is succeeding. I believe, from reading the previous submissions
as well, both CTV and Global were talking about they are usually the highest
rated within their local networks. Just
in terms of that, you move on to something like regional programming.
11531 I think that
priority programming can be made obviously in the regions and then that
reflects regional reflection. I think
there are different ways. That is one of
the strengths of, frankly, the independent production sector's ability.
11532 Most of the
programming has come from across this country, whether it be "This
Hour Has 22 Minutes" out of Halifax or "Corner Gas" out of
Regina. That is one of the great things
that has actually happened.
11533 Yet again, to
emphasize your previous question, I think that is really one of the things
that we have brought to it by having more choices, more creativity outside of
independent downtown Toronto, frankly.
11534 In terms of the
balance of the kinds of programming that should be included within
priority programming, documentaries are part of that, comedy programs are part
of priority programming, all of those things.
11535 The only thing we
probably haven't touched on specifically is children's programming being
included in terms of things that our members specifically produce, but I think
we have felt that there has been a strong enough support on some of the
specialty channels specifically.
11536 MR. ELLIS: Sorry.
11537 MR. MAYSON: Go ahead.
11538 MR. ELLIS: Just to look at it from an international
perspective, because a lot of us have been developing and cultivating
international markets for our programming, and the kinds of programming which
ironically are under‑represented on Canadian television, like drama,
documentary, children's, that have certainly been identified by the government
as worthy of funding through tax credits and other direct funding measures, is
generally exportable programming.
11539 I think a lot of
us, certainly in the CFTPA membership and beyond, have developed a
great skill‑set in making programming that can attract funding
from abroad as well as meeting the requirements of the Canadian content
definitions that you have set up.
11540 So the benefit of
increased spending in those areas is quite dramatic, because a dollar of
increased spending leverages additional dollars out of the system from other
sources and from abroad, whereas arguably news isn't quite as exportable,
certainly sports and other genres of programming don't provide you with that
additional lift by creating that additional incentive, you produce many more
hours of production and you produce many more hours of production and you
produce many more dollars of budgetary expenditure.
11541 So we see it as
just a great additional value in a system where these genres are under‑represented.
11542 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Last chance before I hand you
over to my colleagues.
11543 MR LEVY: I will just comment very briefly on kid's
programming.
11544 It is an
interesting situation with kid's programming because Canadian kids watch kid's
programming and they watch Canadian kid's programming, so in fact there is a
very good audience for Canadian kid's programming, plus it is the sort of
programming that sells well internationally, that provides very, very good jobs
for young people, especially in the animation area, there is a lot of new technology
sorts of jobs.
11545 It's interesting,
because part of the dilemma is, as we have the ability to continually produce
great kid's programs that kids in Canada watch, that are used for multi‑platform,
that whole universe sort of taps into that type of programming, that sells well
on an international basis, that provides jobs.
11546 The dilemma that
we have with regards to conventional broadcasters is that there literally is no
shelf space that they are making available for that type of programming.
11547 Interestingly
enough, the specialty channels do very, very well, YTVs, the TELETOONs the
Treehouses, Family Channel, et cetera.
So there certainly is an audience out there. Although it is not one of our
recommendations, certainly one of our hopes on a go‑forward basis is that
there be an openness with conventional broadcasters to bring back Canadian kids
programming, at least in the time when kids would be watching that type of
programming.
11548 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: I thank you very much. As always, your contribution to these
proceedings was very useful, very informative and very entertaining.
11549 Thank you.
11550 Mr. Chairman,
those are all my comments.
11551 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Thank you,
Mrs. Cugini.
11552 Mrs. Keatley, Mr.
Mayson, gentlemen, thank you very much for your presentation. We will hear the next intervenor immediately.
11553 LA
SECRÉTAIRE: Merci, monsieur le
président.
11554 We will now proceed with the ‑‑
11555 Nous allons procéder avec la
prochaine présentation de l'Observatoire du documentaire.
‑‑‑ Pause
11556 LA
SECRÉTAIRE: Madame Lucette Lupien
comparaît pour l'Observatoire. Madame
Lupien, vous avez dix minutes pour votre présentation.
11557 Merci.
*PRÉSENTATION / PRESENTATION
11558 Mme LUPIEN: Merci beaucoup. Alors, ça diminue la quantité de
représentants et, d'ailleurs, je profite de dire que ce groupe est membre de
l'Observatoire du documentaire et comme ils ont des centaines de membres et que
l'Observatoire regroupe des organismes, nous avons 13 membres. Donc, proportionnellement, je pense que ça va
aller quand même aujourd'hui.
11559 Alors, monsieur le
président, mesdames et messieurs les conseillers, je m'appelle Lucette
Lupien. Est‑ce que vous m'entendez
bien? Oui, ça va? Et je suis la directrice générale de l'Observatoire
du documentaire. D'ailleurs, la dernière
page de notre document rappelle les objectifs et la composition de notre
Conseil d'administration, de L'Observatoire du documentaire du Canada, le Documentary Network of Canada.
11560 Je souhaite ici vous rappeler les
préoccupations de l'Observatoire face à l'avenir du documentaire à la
télévision en direct, pour les raisons suivantes :
11561 D'une part, la
présence du documentaire à la télévision en direct dont on dit... Dominique
Volton disait :
*Un des liens sociaux les plus forts
est une question fondamentale d'identité culturelle, de défense de la
démocratie, de tolérance et d'ouverture sur le monde.
11562 D'autre part,
la télévision en direct, donc par onde hertzienne, est le seul réseau
télévisuel qui puisse rejoindre l'ensemble de la population canadienne.
11563 Deux extraits
de la Loi sur la radiodiffusion ont guidé notre intervention, les voici :
11564 Le système
canadien de radiodiffusion offre, par sa programmation, un service public
essentiel pour le maintien et la valorisation de l'identité nationale et de la
souveraineté culturelle et le système canadien de radiodiffusion devrait servir
à sauvegarder, enrichir et renforcer la structure culturelle, politique,
sociale et économique du Canada."
11565 Le documentaire,
je crois que vous le savez tous, est le genre cinématographique qui a fait la
réputation du Canada à l'étranger depuis l'avènement du cinéma direct au début
des années soixante.
11566 Aujourd'hui, des
films comme "The
Corporation" et "Shake hands with the devil", "The journey
of Roméo Dallaire" s'inscrivent
dans cette grande tradition. Ils ont été
primés, d'ailleurs, au prestigieux festival de Sundance.
11567 D'autres ont connu
de grands succès à la télévision et en salle comme à *Hauteur d'homme+ et *Les voleurs d'enfance+.
11568 Les nombreux
Oscars et autres prix gagnés à travers le monde par des films produits par
l'Office national du film du Canada et par les cinéastes et producteurs
indépendants confirment la reconnaissance internationale du documentaire
canadien.
11569 Chez nous aussi le
documentaire canadien à la télévision ‑‑ j'espère que je vais
devenir plus intéressante ‑‑ le documentaire canadien à la
télévision est reconnu et respecté. Nous
vivons dans une époque marquée par des turbulences extrêmes.
Nous avons tous et toutes besoin
d'une réflexion documentée sur la réalité complexe qui nous entoure.
11570 Les cinéastes
documentaristes nous apportent le fruit d'une réflexion distanciée. Ils sont une source de richesse incomparable
pour la connaissance de ce monde, pour la qualité de notre réflexion critique
et pour notre tolérance à la différence de l'autre.
11571 Les
documentaristes créent un espace de liberté essentielle à la vie démocratique.
11572 Le CRTC a déjà reconnu
l'importance du documentaire en désignant les documentaires de longue durée,
émissions prioritaires, et en les incluant dans les émissions canadiennes sous‑représentées
aux heures de grande écoute.
L'Observatoire souhaite vivement que cette désignation soit maintenue.
11573 Selon l'enquête de
"Canadian Media
Research" du mois
d'août 2006 qui est publié sur votre site, bien que l'auditoire qui dépend de
la réception de la télévision en direct soit en nette diminution, il y a encore
un pourcentage important de spectateurs qui y a recours. Et les réseaux publics qui accordent beaucoup
d'importance au documentaire ont un fort pourcentage d'auditoire qui dépend de
la réception en direct.
11574 Exemple : CBC 16,
2 pour cent; SRC, 20 pour cent; Téléquébec, 33.3 et TV‑Ontario, 25 pour
cent. C'est donc un auditoire non
négligeable.
11575 Les chaînes de
télévision en direct, en particulier les chaînes publiques, à notre avis, sont
les vaisseaux amiraux de la télévision.
Le choix d'émission qu'elles font est un message à la population qui
indique ce qui est important la population, selon elles, et ce qui ne l'est
pas.
11576 Ce message des
télédiffuseurs publics devrait indiquer clairement que le documentaire d'auteur
est essentiel à leur public.
11577 Le Comité
permanent de Patrimoine Canadien a bien reconnu cela et a recommandé dans son
rapport intérimaire sur l'Industrie canadienne de la cinématographie cet été
que CBC Radio‑Canada élabore un plan à long terme pour accroître
progressivement le nombre d'heures de diffusion de films et de longs
documentaires canadiens sur les réseaux de langues anglaise et française.
11578 En outre, comme le
documentaire d'auteur arrive difficilement à concurrencer les émissions de
divertissements, les télédiffuseurs doivent créer une environnement favorable
au documentaire afin d'attirer davantage le public.
11579 Par exemple: nous
sommes reconnaissants à Téléquébec de diffuser les documentaires sans pause
publicitaire dans leur version pleine longueur et accompagnés souvent de débats
et d'entrevues.
11580 Nous sommes aussi
reconnaissants à la Société Radio‑Canada d'avoir redonné à leur
documentaire un minutage de format international de 52 minutes, alors qu'il
était tout récemment de 44,30. C'est
presque dix minutes de contenu de plus pour les spectateurs.
11581 Cependant, en ce
qui concerne la CBC, nous nous inquiétons d'une récent déclaration de monsieur
Richard Stursberg, vice‑président de CBC, dans une lettre qu'il nous
adressait le 21 septembre, qui indique clairement qu'il a l'intention de
concentrer les séries de prestige à la chaîne principale et le documentaire
d'auteur ou le Point of
view Documentary à News World.
11582 L'Observatoire ne
partage pas cette vision qui prive le public de la télévision en direct de ce
genre essentiel à la démocratie.
11583 Aux fonds
canadiens de télévision, la télévision publique nationale, CRC‑CBC,
bénéficient d'une enveloppe protégée depuis cette année, ce qui rassure tous
ceux et celles qui croient que les documentaires d'auteur peuvent rarement
satisfaire aux mêmes critères de performance en matière d'auditoire que les
autres types d'émission.
11584 L'Observatoire
souhaite que les enveloppes des télévisions éducatives puissent bénéficier
d'une protection semblable à celle des chaînes publiques, d'une part parce
qu'elles accordent une place de choix au documentaire d'auteur et, d'autre
part, parce que leur mandat se concilie difficilement avec le critère de
performance.
11585 De plus, leurs
budgets actuels leur permettent difficilement d'octroyer des licences
importantes, ce qui les désavantage dans la grille d'analyse du Fonds canadien
de télévision.
11586 Nous désirons
profiter de l'occasion qui nous est accordée ici pour aborder rapidement avec
vous quelques autres points qui nous préoccupent beaucoup.
11587 Les nouvelles
plate‑formes. Les gens qui ne
reçoivent pas les émissions de télévision par câble ou par satellite les
reçoivent, d'une part, on l'a vu, par la télévision en direct et, d'autre part,
à l'autre extrémité du spectre par le truchement d'internet et des appareils
mobiles.
11588 Parmi les usagers
d'internet dans le groupe des 15‑29 ans, 16 pour cent des usagers a
téléchargé une émission de télévision d'internet en juillet 2006 contre 9,5 en
juillet 2005.
11589 Cet auditoire est
donc en croissance rapide. Il est donc
crucial que le CRTC se penche sur cette question pour s'assurer que cette part
importante de la population qui s'informe par internet ait accès du contenu
canadien de qualité et s'assure, par ailleurs, que les ayants droit de ce
contenu canadien soient protégés et rétribués équitablement.
11590 L'implantation de
la production et de la distribution numérique haute définition ‑‑
je pense qu'on n'est pas les seuls à le dire ‑‑ cette mise à
niveau occasionne des frais très importants pour les télédiffuseurs,
l'Observatoire s'inquiète que cette transformation technologique se fasse au
détriment des budgets réservés à la production et qu'elle se manifeste par une
diminution du nombre d'émissions commandées ainsi que par une diminution du
montant des licences accordées.
11591 Nous souhaitons
que le CRTC soit très vigilant sur cette question afin que la qualité et le
nombre d'émissions documentaires ne soit pas pénalisé par la mise à niveau
technologique.
11592 L'acquisition de "Doc Channel" par la CBC, la CBC se porte
acquéreur des parts que CORUS détenait dans le "Documentary Channel" et, de ce fait, devient partenaire
majoritaire. La CBC a présenté sa
demande au CRTC et nous apprenons que le CRTC tiendra des audiences publiques
en janvier 2007 et que, d'ailleurs, nous avons jusqu'au 7 janvier pour remettre
un avis écrit là‑dessus ‑‑ période difficile.
11593 Donc, les
audiences se tiendront en janvier sur cette question très importante pour le
milieu documentaire...
11594 LE PRÉSIDENT: Madame Lupien... madame Lupien, j'ai un
problème de procédure avec ce paragraphe.
11595 Mme LUPIEN: Oui?
11596 LE PRÉSIDENT: Est‑ce que je peux vous demander de le
sauter, parce qu'il y a un processus public indépendant de cette audience‑ci
et c'est à ce processus‑là que vous devrez faire votre intervention.
11597 Mme LUPIEN: Oui, si vous insistez, parce que je trouve
que c'est important qu'on...
11598 LE PRÉSIDENT: Bien, c'est parce que...
11599 Mme LUPIEN: ... parce que c'est relié au fait de...
11600 LE PRÉSIDENT: Mais c'est que je dois vous dire. C,est que, premièrement, ça ne sera pas
nécessairement les mêmes membres qui vont siéger sur cette audience de janvier
2007 et, les règles de procédures font en sorte qu'on doit... on a un devoir de
réserve quand le dossier est dans l'instance publique et je me vois... je me
dois de vous demander qu'on passe au point suivant.
11601 Je comprends
votre...
11602 Mme LUPIEN: Vous comprenez que c'est relié au transfert
des documentaires d'auteur de CBC à New World?
11603 LE PRÉSIDENT: Mais vous aurez l'opportunité de faire votre
commentaire...
11604 Mme LUPIEN: On reviendra là‑dessus.
11605 LE PRÉSIDENT: ... pour le 7 janvier, comme vous l'avez dit.
11606 Mme LUPIEN: D'accord.
Dernier point alors, le long métrage documentaire à Téléfilm
Canada. Cette automne, la Ministre Oda a
répondu aux recommandations du Comité permanent de Patrimoine canadien en ces
termes :
*La politique canadienne du long
métrage a été mise en oeuvre pour appuyer les films de longue durée destinés
aux auditoires des salles de cinéma sans se limiter explicitement à un genre
particulier.+
11607 La Ministre
reconnaît alors que le documentaire aurait dû être pris en considération dans
le plan quinquennal de la politique canadienne du long métrage.
11608 Le gouvernement
précisera ‑‑ je continue ‑‑ que le Fonds du
long métrage du Canada appuie les documentaires longue durée dans le cadre des
programmes d'aide actuels et Téléfilm Canada effectuera les révisions
nécessaires pour tenir compte des particularités de ce genre.
11609 Le milieu
documentaire réclame que Téléfilm Canada se dote d'une politique d'aide au long
métrage documentaire et y octroie un budget de cinq millions par année, c'est‑à‑dire
1.65 millions pour les productions francophones et 3,35 pour les productions
anglophones, ce qui correspond à environ six pour cent de l'enveloppe de
production long métrage actuel.
11610 Nous nous
réjouissons donc de la décision de la Ministre de préciser que Téléfilm Canada
a l'obligation d'appuyer les longs métrages documentaires, comme il le fait
pour les longs métrages de fiction.
Malheureusement, il semble que la Ministre n'ait pas retenu la
recommandation du Comité permanent de créer une enveloppe spécifique à cet
effet.
11611 Nous recommandons
donc qu'un Fonds de cinq millions soit créé et géré par Téléfilm Canada pour
financer un programme d'aide au long métrage documentaire.
11612 Voilà u nom de
l'Observatoire du documentaire, je remercie les membres du CRTC de votre bienveillante
attention aux préoccupations de notre organisme et je suis disposé à répondre à
vos questions.
11613 Merci.
11614 LE PRÉSIDENT: Merci, madame Lupien.
11615 Au sujet de votre
commentaire concernant le long métrage documentaire à Téléfilm Canada, vous
comprenez que ce n'est pas de notre juridiction. Je comprends que vous avez inscrit votre
observation dans le cadre de cette audience publique, mais que le Conseil
ici... en tout cas, peut certainement avoir des... faire des observations sur
l'importance du documentaire, mais c'est... on n'est pas dans une situation ou
ce n'est pas notre rôle de suggérer au gouvernement d'augmenter le financement
de Téléfilm pour un secteur ou un autre.
11616 Il vous faut faire
vos représentations directement auprès du Ministère du Patrimoine pour obtenir
leur attention sur cette question.
11617 Mme LUPIEN: Oui, c'est vrai que ça ne relève pas de votre
mandat si on peut dire. Cependant, tout
l'audiovisuel se tient, hein!, d'une certaine façon et un des problèmes qu'on
a, c'est que quand la télévision détermine les choix d'émissions, ils formatent
aussi.
11618 Les
télédiffuseurs, quand ils commandent une émission ou un documentaire, ils
disent quelle longueur, quel genre, quelle attitude ils aimeraient voir dans
ces films‑là et le long métrage... un long métrage documentaire qui n'a
pas à aller chercher un télédiffuseur automatiquement dans sa structure
financière peut avoir une sorte de liberté qui fasse en sorte qu'on puisse
développer des nouvelles façons de voir le documentaire et des nouvelles
attitudes, et souvent ce sont ces documentaires‑là qui sont achetés par
la suite par la télévision en disant : ah! voilà, qui renouvellent le genre.
11619 On nous demande
toujours de renouveler le genre, mais les contraintes qui sont imposées rendent
la chose difficile. De là, l'importance
que le long métrage documentaire soit financé par Téléfilm, pour développer de
nouvelles visions et de nouvelles formes.
11620 LE PRÉSIDENT : On
comprend votre observation, et puis on la partage, mais ça ne fait pas partie,
quand même, de l'étude qui est actuellement en cours dans le cadre de ce
processus public.
11621 MME LUPIEN : Si
vous me permettez, juste une chose, aussi, c'est qu'il y a eu un projet à
Téléfilm, un projet‑pilote d'aide au long métrage documentaire, l'année
dernière, et du côté anglophone, le 1 million qui avait été alloué à cette
enveloppe a reçu, en supplément, 500 000 provenant de CBC, qui participait à ce
programme‑là, de façon aussi à donner plus de fonds pour la production,
mais déjà, les télédiffuseurs y contribuaient à ce Fonds de Téléfilm. Donc, la télévision a un rôle aussi à jouer
dans ce Fonds de Téléfilm.
11622 LE PRÉSIDENT :
Dans votre présentation écrite... vous en faites un petit peu allusion dans la
présentation orale, mais dans la présentation écrite, vous l'élaborez
davantage, où vous dites que les télévisions éducatives devraient pouvoir
bénéficier d'une protection semblable aux chaînes publiques, c'est‑à‑dire,
donc, avoir une enveloppe de financement qui leur est spécifiquement assignée
par le Fonds canadien de la télévision.
11623 Pourquoi, selon
vous... Radio‑Canada reçoit... une partie de son financement lui vient
par le Fonds canadien de la télévision, puisque Patrimoine canadien participe
de manière significative au financement du Fonds canadien de la
télévision. À ma connaissances, les
institutions des gouvernements des provinces ne participent pas au financement
du Fonds canadien de la télévision, que ce soit par leurs ministères ou leurs
institutions d'aide financière.
11624 Pourquoi, selon
vous, les entreprises de télévision éducatives canadiennes devraient avoir une
enveloppe spécifique qui est déterminée par le Fonds canadien de télévision?
11625 MME LUPIEN : Bon,
d'une part, on fait des pressions, nous, auprès des gouvernements du Québec et
de l'Ontario déjà pour que les enveloppes soient augmentées, parce que, bien
sûr, moins l'enveloppe est élevée, moins ils peuvent dégager des fonds au Fonds
canadien de télévision.
11626 Vous savez aussi bien
que moi, ça dépend beaucoup de l'argent qu'ils mettent dans les documentaires
pour qu'ils puissent obtenir des enveloppes du Fonds canadien de télévision.
11627 C'est des
enveloppes importantes pour tout ce qui est émission éducative. Les mandats éducatifs sont des mandats qu'on
ne retrouve pas véritablement sur les chaînes pancanadiennes, si on peut dire,
pas de la même façon que Téléfilm et surtout TVOntario, je dirais, mais les
autres chaînes, aussi, de télévision éducative, et c'est souvent là que se fait
de la recherche pour des émissions plus pointues, plus novatrices, et c'est
souvent là qu'on présente des émissions sans publicité et où on se préoccupe
davantage de l'aspect culturel et éducatif.
11628 Donc, pour nous,
c'est important que ces télédiffuseurs là puissent être protégés, puisqu'ils ne
répondent pas aux mêmes règles de commerce, si on peut dire, que les
télédiffuseurs privés, et on pense que c'est aussi des larges portions du
Canada, des audiences canadiennes qui s'alimentent à ces télédiffuseurs là, pas
nécessairement juste provinciale comme territoire.
11629 LE PRÉSIDENT :
D'accord.
11630 Dans votre
mémoire, vous avez exprimé vos réserves quant à la transition à la diffusion
numérique, en insistant pour qu'il y ait un réseau de transmission numérique
terrestre.
11631 Est‑ce que
vous préconisez un remplacement total des infrastructures, ou avez‑vous
des commentaires à faire par rapport à une proposition qui émane, notamment, de
Radio‑Canada et de Global, à l'effet que ça soit un système qu'ils
appellent, eux, hybride, et où ça serait uniquement dans les grands marchés où
il y aurait de la transmission hertzienne, et pour le reste de la couverture du
pays, ça serait par les entreprises de distribution existantes, qu'elles soient
terrestres ou satellitaires?
11632 MME LUPIEN : On ne
s'est pas prononcé là‑dessus comme organisme à l'Observatoire, mais il
est clair pour nous que l'objectif, c'est d'assurer un service général à
l'ensemble de la population. S'il y a
des moyens que ça se fasse sans que ça soit des coûts astronomiques, on est
tout à fait d'accord avec une hypothèse de service hybride.
11633 LE PRÉSIDENT :
Vous ne vous êtes pas prononcé, mais dans votre présentation orale et dans
votre mémoire, vous dites quand même qu'il y a de forts pourcentages de
consommateurs de documentaires qui consomment les principaux réseaux que vous
représentez par la réception en direct.
C'est pour ça que je vous pose la question.
11634 MME LUPIEN :
Oui. En fait, on ne s'est pas prononcé
sur la... ce qu'on veut, ce qu'on voulait faire valoir auprès de vous, c'est
que ce sont des auditoires importants et qu'ils doivent continuer à recevoir le
service. Sous quelle forme, on ne s'est
pas prononcé là‑dessus.
11635 LE PRÉSIDENT : On
a parlé avec les principaux intervenants que vous représentez, d'ailleurs, et
qui ont déjà comparu devant nous. On a
parlé de la production en HD.
11636 Je présume que les
membres que vous représentez sont acquis à la production HD. Du moins, les représentants du CFPTA nous ont
dit clairement que c'était, pour eux, la seule norme s'ils voulaient avoir des
opportunités de diffusion internationale, mais les autres membres que vous
représentez, est‑ce qu'ils ont des opinions sur cette question?
11637 MME LUPIEN : Bien,
écoutez, il y a des opinions assez diverses.
En général, les gens sont favorables à la HD. De plus en plus, d'ailleurs, les appareils de
tournage et de montage sont moins chers.
Donc, c'est plus facile de tourner en HD.
11638 Cependant, il y a
des gens qui... je connais des réalisateurs qui disent : je ne veux pas toucher
à la HD parce que je n'aime pas le grain, le manque de grain de l'image, qu'on
retrouvait dans le cinéma. Alors, il y a
des opinions assez variées, mais je crois que la tendance est tout à fait vers
le HD.
11639 LE PRÉSIDENT : La
tendance est lourde?
11640 MME LUPIEN : Oui,
elle est très lourde.
11641 LE PRÉSIDENT : Je
pense que vos recommandations étaient claires, mais de toute façon, vos membres
aussi ont eu l'opportunité...
11642 MME LUPIEN : Oui.
11643 LE PRÉSIDENT :
...de faire entendre leurs vues. Donc,
je vous remercie beaucoup, Madame Lupien, pour votre présentation et votre
mémoire.
11644 Nous interrompons
notre...
11645 MME LUPIEN : Votre
avant‑midi.
11646 LE PRÉSIDENT :
...cette audience, oui, pour une heure et cinq minutes. Donc, nous serons de retour à 15 h 45.
11647 MME LUPIEN : C'est
moi qui vous remercie, et je vous souhaite bon appétit.
11648 LE PRÉSIDENT :
Merci beaucoup.
11649 We will break for
lunch and we will be back at 1:45 p.m.
Thank you.
‑‑‑ Upon recessing
at 1239 / Suspension à 1239
‑‑‑ Upon resuming
at 1348 / Reprise à 1348
11650 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Order, please.
11651 Madam Secretary.
11652 THE
SECRETARY: Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
11653 We will now
proceed with the next presentation.
11654 Given that the
Association of Canadian Film Distributors and Exporters is not appearing, we
will now hear from the Canadian Association of the Deaf.
11655 Appearing for the
association is Mr. James Roots.
11656 Mr. Roots, you
have ten minutes for your presentation.
*PRESENTATION / PRÉSENTATION
11657 MR. ROOTS: Thank you.
I will try to use my voice, but I am not used to using it. I will do my best.
11658 I represent the
Canadian Association of the Deaf, which has been representing deaf Canadians
since 1940.
11659 We are the oldest
national disabled consumers organization in the country. We directly represent 310,000 Canadians who
are profoundly deaf and who prefer language signing.
11660 We also indirectly
represent and share many of the same interests and concerns as an estimated 2.8
million Canadians who are late‑deafened or hard of hearing.
11661 Although deaf and
hard of hearing people are obviously the prime beneficiaries of closed
captioning, more than one‑third of the total populous can benefit ‑‑
children learning to read, persons who are trying to upgrade their literacy
skills, senior citizens, immigrants learning English or French, unilingual
Canadians trying to improve their knowledge of Canada's other language, patrons
in bars, patrons in fitness clubs, and so on.
11662 We introduced
captioning to this country 30 years ago through our captioning program in the
1970s, and since that time we have been working for the achievement of 100
percent access to television programming through captioning or other means,
such as sign language interpreting.
11663 Over those 30
years the licensees have used the excuses of cost, technology and human
resources to avoid living up to the captioning requirements of both Human
Rights legislation and the CRTC's conditions of licence.
11664 And for those 30
years, the Commission has accepted all of those excuses, and has never once
penalized any transgression.
11665 Beginning in 2002,
we adopted a more coercive approach. Led
by one of our long‑time leaders, Henry Vlug of Vancouver, we have used
Human Rights complaints to get what the Commission will not give us.
11666 Through Mr. Vlug's
actions, we have won implementation of 100 percent captioned programming from
the CBC, CTV and CanWest Global.
11667 And we supported
Senator Gauthier and his successful complaint against three French‑language
licensees.
11668 Let me put this
into perspective.
11669 In four years, the
consumers have forced six major networks to do what they spent 30 years telling
the CRTC they couldn't do, and, in the process, we blew to hell every one of
the arguments they have been using to pull the wool over your eyes.
11670 The Commission
meekly accepted their claims that captioning is too expensive, but not one of
those licensees was able to prove this claim before a Human Rights Tribunal or
a mediator.
11671 The Commission
nodded quietly when the broadcasters pleaded that they didn't have the human
resources to provide full captioning.
11672 In Human Rights
mediation, the French‑language stations demonstrated the challenge they
face in this regard, but the English‑language stations admitted that they
had the human resources necessary, they just didn't want to invest them in
captioning.
11673 The Commission
agreed unquestioningly when the licensees claimed that there were technological
reasons that made captioning impossible.
11674 Challenged by the
Human Rights cases, they could only talk about how voice recognition is
achieving a 98 percent accuracy rate.
11675 In short, we have
established beyond dispute that full captioning does not impose undue hardship,
and that it is technologically and humanly possible. We have proven that not once, not twice, but
six times in four years.
11676 Moreover, this
proof applies to all television licensees.
There is no reason why specialty, pay TV, pay‑per‑view,
satellite and digital channels should be exempt from this requirement; none
whatsoever.
11677 In light of the
above, it is clear that it would be entirely appropriate for the Commission to
adopt a requirement for the captioning of 100 percent of all television
programming. The adoption of such a
requirement would simply bring the Commission's policies into line with
established legal precedents and existing Human Rights legislation.
11678 Furthermore, 100
percent captioning can be obtained within months, if not weeks.
11679 The Commission's
tradition of allowing incremental increases over a period of years is obsolete
and unwarranted.
11680 No licensee should
be exempt from the requirement to implement 100 percent captioning within a
maximum period of one year.
11681 With respect to
third language captioning, programming in any spoken language is inaccessible
unless it is captioned. If an English‑language
program must have English captioning, why shouldn't a Spanish‑language
program have Spanish captioning?
11682 Regarding the
quality of captioning, on many occasions we have been told that captioning is a
zero‑sum game, that an increase in quantity means a decrease in quality.
11683 Like all of the
other arguments, this, too, is specious.
11684 The technology
being used to produce captioning today averages a 98 percent rate of
accuracy. That is only 1 percent below
the ideal rate.
11685 What we are seeing
is not a problem with the technology, but with the way it is being used. Decisions are being made to invest the least
amount of money, human input, and plain old care in the provision of
captioning.
11686 Let me give you
several examples.
11687 During the 2006
hockey playoffs, the Ottawa Senators were scheduled to play at least four games
against the Tampa Bay Lightning, and at least four games against the Buffalo
Sabres, which was four more than Montreal got to play. But I question whether the roster of Ottawa
players' names was pre‑loaded into the captioning software, because names
like Volchenkov and Schafer were repeatedly misspelled.
11688 That shows that
nobody cared enough to prepare the captioning properly.
11689 But the announcers
and the commentators took enough care to make sure they learned the correct
pronunciation of the players' names.
Even Don Cherry pronounced all of the names right.
11690 Why didn't
captioning get the same level of care?
11691 Another
example: The last, pointless, self‑promotion
gimmick on the CBC is to cover the bottom one‑third of the screen with
the announcement that you are watching the programs you are watching ‑‑
three times in 22 minutes. Apparently,
no one at CBC has ever bothered to watch programming with the captioning
on. Otherwise, they would have noticed
that this completely unnecessary announcement wipes out the captioning every
time it appears.
11692 Who cares? Not the CBC.
Not the CRTC, which obviously hasn't been watching captioned programming
either.
11693 One more
example: We consumers certainly get the
strong impression that no one is watching the placement of the captioning. In some cases, this is because the captioning
has been outsourced right out of the country.
The captioners on a beach in Hawaii can't see what they are doing on the
screen in Toronto.
11694 New digital
captioning technology allows the captioning to be placed almost anywhere on the
screen, but no one is watching to see where it actually ends up, except the
consumers, who are being forced to read captioning that completely blocks out
the faces of the news reader, or which is being printed over the middle of the
action on the screen.
11695 The infamous
simultaneous substitution rule has long been a bugbear for captioning
consumers. If the Canadian broadcaster
doesn't get the American captions with a taped program in time, they will go
right ahead and show the program without captioning.
11696 I know that this
happens at least once a month with the "Tonight Show", here in
Ottawa, on A‑Channel. If A‑Channel
doesn't provide the captioning, I can't turn to NBC for the American captioned
broadcast because A‑Channel has bumped their signal.
11697 Too bad for me and
all of the other captioning consumers.
We don't count. We are not
important. We are only one‑third
of the Canadian populous.
11698 We have been told
by station personnel that the trend toward outsourcing captioning is also the
major reason for the increase in out‑of‑sync captioning. It is now the norm for captioning to lag
behind the soundtrack by at least three, and often five seconds.
11699 Please, heed that
point. It is the norm, it is not the
exception.
11700 Three to five
seconds may not seem particularly disconcerting, but it renders every comedy
and every suspense show unwatchable.
11701 How long would you
hearing people be able to tolerate watching Canadian Idol if the soundtrack was
five seconds out of sync for the whole length of the program?
11702 How long would you
watch a newscast with Peter Mansbridge or Lloyd Robertson clearly talking five
seconds ahead of the audio transmission?
11703 This leads us to
one of the key complaints of captioning consumers over the past 30 years. Nobody on the Commission or the licensees is
a captioning consumer. There are people in
broadcasting who are involved in providing captioning, but none of them are
watching programs with captioning.
11704 The Commission
appears to be finally taking captioning seriously, but who among you watches it
every single time you turn on the TV?
How many of you have the sound on your TV turned off permanently,
forcing you to depend totally on captioning, like deaf and hard‑of‑hearing
people do?
11705 Would any licensee
even think of going ahead and running a program that doesn't have an audio
track? Of course not. But they have no problem going ahead and
running a program that doesn't have captioning.
11706 If there is an
audio glitch, do you imagine that nobody at the station is paying attention to
it? Of course, they would be on it in a
second. Yet they pay no attention if
captioning gets a glitch.
11707 If the audio track
gets screwed up and a viewer calls in on a voice phone to complain, does he get
put on an answering machine that prompts it to return his call within a few
days? Of course not.
11708 Even if he reaches
an after‑hours answering machine, his complaint gets immediate attention,
and that audio track is fixed before the next commercial, or else a printed
apology is run across the bottom of the screen while the problem is being
traced.
11709 If the captioning
consumer calls in on the TTY to complain, he will always get that answering
machine, even in the middle of the workday, and he won't get a call back for a
week, if at all.
11710 With nobody in
authority monitoring the captioning, the onus is entirely on the viewer to
monitor and file complaints.
11711 While online
complaint forms have made the latter task easier, there is still the fact that
people watch TV for relaxation.
Consequently, they aren't that much inclined to rouse themselves and
reach for the TTY, or to move over to the computer desk to go through the time‑consuming
process of registering a complaint.
11712 What response do
we get when we do file a formal complaint with the Commission? The CRTC asks the broadcaster to respond to
us. The licensee tells us that the
problem has been fixed, and it will never happen again.
11713 How can they make
that promise if they aren't monitoring the captioning in‑house?
11714 Nonetheless, the
CRTC tells us that they are satisfied with the licensee's response.
11715 Satisfied? What kind of rule enforcement is that? What kind of enforcement is that of the
conditions of licensing?
11716 If your child
keeps failing in school, how long are you going to be satisfied with a promise
that it won't happen again ‑‑ 30 years?
11717 The Commission
needs to put teeth into its complaint process.
Escalating fines is the only way to compel broadcasters to take
seriously the issue of captioning.
11718 We understand
fully that this proceeding is limited to over‑the‑air broadcasters,
but the CRTC cannot ignore the challenges being imposed by such technological
innovations as wireless TV applications on cellphones, blackberrys, and other
hand‑held devices, laptop TVs, digital TVs, and so on.
11719 Whatever the
medium, this is still TV programming, and you have a responsibility to make
sure it is accessible.
11720 Already we have
seen some licensees whining that cellphone screens are too small for captioning
to be readable. Who are they to decide?
11721 We have polled
dozens of deaf Canadians, and not one of them has felt the captioning is too
small.
11722 The consumers have
spoken, and the CRTC must listen to us, before you cover your head and, once
again, meekly swallow the phony, already discredited claims of the licensees.
11723 In closing, I want
to issue a personal challenge to each and every one of you in this room,
whether you are a commissioner, a licensee, a reporter or an observer. I challenge each of you: go home, hit the "mute" button on
your TV set, and leave it on for one solid week. Watch all of your normal programs with the
captioning on. Watch the news, watch the
hockey games ‑‑ not Montreal games, but other games ‑‑
watch "Corner Gas", watch the game shows, watch the movies, watch the
comedies, "CSI", George Strombopulous. Watch every channel on your set. Watch at breakfast, at lunch, at supper, and
don't forget the evening talk shows.
11724 You will be
stunned, first, at how little there actually is that you can watch, because
there is so little that is captioned; and second, at how frustrated you end up,
when all you wanted to do was relax and put your brain on hold for an hour or
two.
11725 Then, think about
putting up with that situation for 30 years.
11726 Thank you.
11727 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Welcome, Mr. Roots.
11728 I would ask
Commissioner Cugini to ask you questions.
11729 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Mr. Roots, good afternoon, and
thank you for your contribution to these proceedings, which, I am sure, all of
us would agree is quite invaluable.
11730 You have given us
some homework. Although we are aware of
the difficulties that the deaf and hard‑of‑hearing have with
captioning, both, as you say in your oral submission, with the quantity and the
quality, you have given us a very interesting challenge to take up.
11731 I, for one, will
admit that I have never done such an extensive quality control of captioning,
but I can assure you that it is a challenge I certainly will take up.
11732 Like I said, we
are aware of it. Some of us may have
seen it in the fitness clubs that you mentioned, and some of us many have seen
it in the bars that you mentioned, so it is not a completely unknown phenomenon
to us.
11733 You know that the
CAB, the Canadian Association of Broadcasters, has established closed
captioning standards. Were you consulted
during that process?
11734 MR. ROOTS: Yes, I was involved in that.
11735 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Could you outline for us the
kind of exchange of information that occurred between you and the other
participants in that process, and do you feel satisfied that your views were
accurately reflected in the standards that were developed by the CAB as a
result?
11736 MR. ROOTS: If I remember correctly, they had written a
draft that they showed to us, and we were invited to provide our feedback on
that.
11737 I think we had two
meetings with them.
11738 We felt that what
they came up with at that time was adequate; not completely satisfactory, but
it was adequate.
11739 I have three
problems with those guidelines as they stand now.
11740 I am losing my
voice, so I am going to have to switch to signing.
11741 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Please do.
11742 MR. ROOTS: I am not used to talking this much.
11743 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: That is not a problem.
11744 MR. ROOTS
(Interpreted): The three problems are as
follows.
11745 Those guidelines
were actually voluntary. That is the
first issue. There was no enforcement
for anyone to follow those guidelines.
11746 Some of the
broadcasters weren't involved ‑‑ for example, CBC ‑‑
which meant that those guidelines did not apply across the board.
11747 Now that
technology has been so far advanced, the technology has far surpassed the
written guidelines, so they are obsolete and outdated.
11748 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Would it be your preference that
the broadcasters and associations like yours work together to develop
universal standards that would be applicable to all broadcasters?
11749 MR. ROOTS
(Interpreted): It is my personal
preference that I would like to see a third discussion ‑‑ set
of standards set up, and that would be a group to monitor the captioning,
because there is absolutely no power behind it.
11750 I would prefer to
see the CRTC set up some type of internal sector to hire an actual captionist
supervisor, so to speak; somebody who would monitor the process. They could be a Director for
Accessibility. That person would be an
internal representative, so they would have some definite influence over the
process.
11751 If it is an
external monitoring body, it won't have any teeth to it. And if there are complaints, they may not be
listened to or brought forth to the CRTC.
11752 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: So you don't accept that
broadcasters could monitor their own captioning in‑house ‑‑
11753 Let's play out a
couple of scenarios here.
11754 ‑‑ and
that the CRTC would be responsible for perhaps enforcing universally accepted
quality of standards?
11755 MR. ROOTS
(Interpreted): No, I would prefer not to
see the broadcasters monitoring themselves.
I would prefer to see a body in link with the CRTC that has the power
and strength behind it to enforce those guidelines.
11756 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: In your oral presentation today
you acknowledged that, through the Human Rights complaints that you lodged
against the broadcasters, the CBC, CTV and CanWest are indeed required now to
caption 100 percent of programming.
11757 You are now,
however, suggesting that this be applied to all broadcasters, regardless of
their size, and the size of the market they serve?
11758 MR. ROOTS
(Interpreted): That is correct.
11759 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Do you include promotional spots
and advertising?
11760 Do you feel that
it is important that those spots also be closed captioned ‑‑
or open captioned?
11761 MR. ROOTS
(Interpreted): Really, it is irrelevant
if it is open or closed captioning. What
is important is to have the captioning available.
11762 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: So, also, for the promotional
spots and advertising?
11763 MR. ROOTS
(Interpreted): Yes, that is correct.
11764 COMMISSIONER
CUGINI: Mr. Roots, as I said, your oral
presentation and your written submission are both quite clear.
11765 I will undertake
your challenge.
11766 I don't have any
further questions for you, but my colleagues may.
11767 Thank you very
much.
11768 Thank you, Mr.
Chairman.
‑‑‑ Pause
11769 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Thank you very much, Mr.
Roots, for your presentation.
11770 We will now move
to the next intervenor.
11771 Thank you for
coming.
11772 MR. ROOTS
(Interpreted): Thank you.
11773 THE
SECRETARY: We will now proceed with the
next participant, the Alberta Motion Picture Industries Association.
11774 I would ask you to
come forward for your presentation.
11775 THE
SECRETARY: Mr. Alan Brooks is appearing
on behalf of the association.
11776 Mr. Brooks, once
you have introduced your colleague, you will have ten minutes for your
presentation.
*PRESENTATION / PRÉSENTATION
11777 MR. BROOKS: Thank you.
11778 Mr. Chairman,
Commissioners, first we would like to thank you sincerely for the opportunity
to talk with you today.
11779 My name is Alan
Brooks. I am the Executive Director of
the Alberta Motion Picture Industries Association. We are also known as AMPIA.
11780 With me today is
Alberta producer and director Connie Edwards, one of our Board members and the
Chair of our Broadcast Relations Committee.
11781 AMPIA has proudly
represented Alberta's independent producers and members involved in all aspects
of the film and television industry for the past 33 years. The mandate of our association is to ensure
the growth and development of the indigenous industry at the producer,
technical, talent and craft levels.
11782 Central to the
mandate is maintaining an environment in which Alberta producers can initiate,
develop and produce programs over which they have creative and financial
control.
11783 AMPIA plays an
important role in representing Alberta's film and television professionals,
disseminating and sending key information, promoting production projects,
organizing marketing opportunities, creating professional development seminars,
and advocating for more high‑quality Alberta indigenous production.
11784 Currently, AMPIA
has a total of 250 member companies, representing a wide cross‑section of
more than 2,500 industry professionals, including producers, directors,
performers, writers, crafts people, distributors, suppliers and exhibitors.
11785 We applaud the
Commission's support of Canada's independent production community. It is the independent producers from regions
like Alberta who provide true diversity to the Canadian broadcasting system,
creating and producing a wide range of programming that serves the needs and
interests of all Canadians.
11786 Because of the
essential and crucial role played by the independent producers, we are here
today to strongly recommend to the Commission that you consider conditions of
licence that stipulate 100 percent of all non‑news and sports programming
to be done by independent producers from all across the country.
11787 MS EDWARDS: Since the last review of the Television
Policy in 1999, in Alberta we have moved from a broadcast system that was
primarily owned by individuals such as Dr. Allard and Dr. Rice, to one in which
the vast majority of television stations are owned and controlled by large,
publicly traded companies.
11788 At one time we had
local and regional stations that made local or regional decisions, and had
local relationships with local producers.
These past years have seen a consolidation of broadcasters, and, thus,
decision‑making in Toronto.
11789 We fully
appreciate the economics behind these corporate moves and are acutely aware of
the evolving broadcast environment, yet our independent producers have little
ability to have decisions made about programs reflecting Alberta viewpoints and
sensibilities from someone familiar with them and with their community.
11790 Many other
presenters before us have presented various points of view on what Canadian
television policy should be. We would
like to acknowledge that we support the position that the CFPTA has presented. Today we will limit our comments to the
scenario in Alberta, which we believe is somewhat similar to those in other
regions.
11791 MR. BROOKS: AMPIA believes that it's a privilege to be
granted a television broadcast licence. It's a privilege to use the airwaves
owned by Canadians from every region of the country. In Alberta the only programming now being
produced by the local television stations is news.
11792 Non‑news in‑house
program producers are gone and in most cases so is the person with the
knowledge to work with the independent producer. We understand that broadcasting is a
business. It needs to deliver positive
results to its shareholders. Producers
also run a business, most of them small and medium‑sized, and need to
deliver profits to their companies at the end of each year in order to continue
into their next production cycle.
11793 AMPIA provides
itself on positive relationships with Canada's broadcasters and consistently
strives to work in partnership. We
believe that we can all achieve our respective goals by moving forward
together.
11794 MS EDWARDS: We also believe that one of the biggest
challenges facing our industry today as a result of consolidation is ensuring
that regionally diverse voices from across the country continue to be heard.
11795 To this end, we
applaud the Commission on instituting annual reporting requirements for
broadcasters in some of your recent decisions.
This allows an easy snapshot of broadcaster hours of programming, as
well as regional snapshots as to where licences are expended.
11796 The production
landscape is clearly shifting and times are turbulent. Unfortunately, consolidation has resulted in
what we feared in the regions. There are
almost no development personnel left in Alberta and almost no decision‑makers
left within more than a thousand miles.
11797 There is a
critical lack of meaningful development dollars in our region, dollars that are
needed not only to develop programming but to develop our creative people of
the future. Now development of stories
from the regions cannot be accessed unless the concept is acceptable to
programming executives in Toronto.
11798 Another challenge
that has hit independent producers hard.
When the Canadian Television Fund was created, there were incentives for
regional production, providing broadcasters with a unique financial advantage
for licensing programs produced outside the major centres. Indeed, production in Alberta increased.
11799 Two years ago the
regional incentives were eliminated, and not surprisingly the licensing of
programming and the regional access to the fund declined. At the same time, licence fees peaked at
around 30 percent with exhibition rights extended to all of the broadcasters'
outlets, including conventional and specialties.
11800 Where the producer
could once count on additional revenue from sales beyond the conventional
licence fee, we are now finding ourselves in exclusive licences for years of
multiple plays on all of the broadcasters' services. So less money to the producer for more plays
on more channels with longer exclusivity.
11801 Lower licence fees
in many cases means independent producers cannot survive. Smaller licence fees mean smaller producer
fees. Smaller producer fees mean
producers can't build infrastructure or maintain a company, which means they
cannot continue to afford to make programs.
11802 It also becomes a
self‑fulfilling prophecy as to why Canadians perhaps don't tune into
Canadian programs. Lower licence fees
mean lower production budgets, lower production value, which when given all the
choices means Canadian viewers will tuner out.
11803 The diversity of
voices will be lost forever if a system of incentives is not created to
encourage broadcasters to work with the regional independent producers and
invest the necessary licence fees for quality programming.
11804 MR. BROOKS: We have also seen the decline of production
of Canadian drama. Without a Canadian
expenditure condition of licence, it has become easier and cheaper to license
and produce less expensive programming than to invest in quality Canadian
drama.
11805 We have been led
down the garden path by the assumption that increasing the number of Canadian
production hours that broadcasters air on prime time would led to increased
licence fees. Clearly this has not been
the case.
11806 Although priority
programming requirements have created more prime time opportunities for
Canadian productions, the lack of an expenditure requirement has actually
contributed to lower licence fees in order for broadcasters to achieve the
minimum number of hours of Canadian programming.
11807 AMPIA believes
that expenditures on Canadian programming should be considered an investment
and that a condition of licence requiring all broadcasters to invest a
percentage of their revenues into Canadian programming would actually be an
encouragement to properly support the programs from development to production
to marketing.
11808 The CTV series
"Corner Gas", a regional production with an independent producer, is
a perfect example of how a significant financial investment can lead to
financial success.
11809 In addition to
CTV's commitment to high production values, a talented cast and excellent
writing, the network has invested a great deal of resources into marketing and
promotion of "Corner Gas". The
combination of all these commitments, plus the prime time scheduling, has
resulted in a program series that has proven itself to be one of Canada's most
successful programs.
11810 MS EDWARDS: If we may, Mr. Chairman, let us re‑emphasize
the challenges we are facing in Alberta.
There are no significant development dollars in our region. There are virtually no decision‑makers
in our region to ensure that Alberta's stories are told.
11811 The lack of
Canadian expenditure requirements has had a profound impact on our producers,
most notably our dramatic producers. The
loss of the regional incentive from the Canadian Television Fund has caused a
major downturn in the licensing of programs in Alberta.
11812 As we look to the
future, there is no doubt that for Canadian producers and broadcasters to
survive and compete in this multi‑channel universe, more high quality
Canadian programs will be needed, requiring the collective creative minds of
broadcasters, independent producers and the CRTC working together to design
policies to meet these challenges.
11813 MR. BROOKS: Our recommendations to the Commission today
are as follows:
11814 (1) reinstate the
Canadian expenditure requirements;
11815 (2) create a
system for regional incentives for broadcasters;
11816 (3) encourage a
renewal of the CTF, which is a critical funding structure that will ensure the
continuation of high quality Canadian production and include benefits for
regional production;
11817 (4) eliminate CTF
contributions from being included as part of the broadcaster's Canadian
expenditures; and
11818 (5) develop
incentives or broadcasters to cover the increased costs of producing in high
definition.
11819 Mr. Chairman,
Commissioners, we thank you sincerely for this opportunity to provide input to
this very timely hearing, and we would be pleased to answer any questions you
may have.
11820 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Thank you, Mr. Brooks.
11821 I will ask
Commissioner Williams to ask you the first questions.
11822 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Welcome, Ms Edwards and
Mr. Brooks.
11823 How would you
describe the financial and creative health of the independent production sector
today as compared with ten years ago, particularly in Alberta, and what has
changed in that ten‑year timeframe?
11824 You have given us
some ideas for how to fix it, so we don't have to go there.
11825 How has it
changed? Is it better now than it was
ten years ago?
11826 MS EDWARDS: Thank you.
11827 Yes, it is better,
there is no question. Our producers have
matured and AMPIA certainly does many things, such as workshops, professional
development seminars, and so on, so that our members can keep up to the latest
in technology developments, as well the latest in industry trends.
11828 We have several
marketing programs so that our producers can get to market so that we can
explore all of the exploitation avenues open.
11829 Ten years is a
very broad spectrum. So yes, we have
made headway. Currently we are facing
challenges.
11830 We understand the
need for consolidation. We understand
that from a business and practical viewpoint.
The reality is that it is very difficult for people such as myself. I am a very small producer. It's hard for me to get the money to go on a
plane to whichever part of the country I need to go to and seek development
dollars. Those development dollars are
not necessarily large, but there is no one really in our province that is left
to have that cup of coffee, that has the personal relationship, that knows most
of us, and is able to champion to the levels that it needs to go.
11831 Again, we really
do understand the need for that consolidation and the need to make business
decisions in a timely and cost effective way.
11832 We don't want our
stories to be lost as we go through all of the fiscal things that are
correct. We believe in the broadcasting
system in Canada. We have stories to
tell. Sometimes they are not very big
stories. They are little stories. But they will engage the viewer, if they are
allowed to be told. We don't even have
room regionally to tell our stories.
11833 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Thank you.
11834 Has AMPIA noticed
a decline in the amount of licensee's licensing fees paid from the
broadcasters? If you add in the effects
of inflation over the past few years, has there been a decline in the amounts
of licences paid?
11835 If so, how will
this affect the production of high quality, high definition programming?
11836 MS EDWARDS: In relation to HD, we very much support our
colleagues at the CFTPA. On average for
let's say a documentary, it is about 20 percent over and above what we would
have to pay now for a production. That
money has to be found and it comes out of our pocket.
11837 To reiterate, we
get a licence fee anywhere from 20 to 30.
Sometimes it's larger, depending on who the people are, but on average
20 to 30 percent. It is then upon our
shoulders to go out and find the other 70 or 80 percent of that budget.
11838 Once you move into
HD, you add another 20 percent onto those numbers.
11839 So it's a
challenge. It's a challenge.
11840 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Actually, I'm going to skip
ahead to the challenge question.
11841 What are the
challenges of producing a regional production?
Maybe describe from your company's perspective, describing all of the
various barriers and challenges that are involved in taking an ID from concept
and financing the licensing, financing distribution, at some point hopefully a
return on investment.
11842 Can you detail,
using your company as an example, some of the challenges a producer must
overcome?
11843 MS EDWARDS: Sure.
And I want to be very clear, because dramatic production is very
different and I'm not qualified to speak on behalf of our dramatic producers
who have their own very unique challenges.
11844 From a small
documentary producer's perspective ‑‑
11845 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Maybe Mr. Brooks can
speak after you on the dramatic area. He
will have time to prepare while you are answering.
11846 MS EDWARDS: Sure.
11847 Of course one
needs to get to the market. One needs to
build a relationship with the broadcasters, and that is all a very positive
thing because broadcasters are looking for the best ideas and the best kind of
programmings to put on the airwaves.
11848 As a small
broadcaster or as a small independent producer you are limited by the funds
that you have to get to these markets.
Then you have to develop the program, usually with not a lot of
dollars. There are limited dollars in Alberta,
so you do have to go outside of Alberta seeking those dollars. And you are in strong competition, which is
healthy.
11849 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Where would you go to seek
these dollars? What are your typical
sources of funding other than the 20, 30 percent licence fee?
11850 MS EDWARDS: I'm sorry?
11851 COMMISSIONER WILLIAMS: Other than the 20 or 30 percent licensing fee
you referred to, where do you find the other 70 percent?
11852 MS EDWARDS: There are some funds available, but
everything begins with the broadcaster.
So if there is a broadcaster that is interested in your project and they
indicate that by giving you some development money, then you can go and tap
other funds to develop your project.
11853 Depending on how
large that development budget is that you have, you may strictly decide just to
go with the broadcaster development dollars.
11854 Then you deliver
all of your deliverables. Everything is
wonderful when they green light you, and then you have the challenge of now you
need to raise let's say 80 percent of your budget.
11855 So there is the
CTF, the Canadian Television Fund, which has the licence fee top‑up,
which is now at 20 percent. And it also
has an equity program.
11856 There are various
other funds available for documentary production.
11857 One of the things
I have to do as an independent, I have to include my federal tax credit in
order to make my shows because there just aren't enough funds in the regions
any more. We used to have a fund that
would kick in equity. We don't have that
any more. So I'm having to put in my tax
credit, which originally was devised as a method for producers to grow their
companies in between the development of their programs. Now I have to include that.
11858 Then what happens,
Mr. Williams, is I traditionally wait a year ‑‑ and
this happened on a recent project, I waited a year to receive my producer
fee as I interim financed everything else that I could waiting for my tax
credit, because I am so small the banks don't care ‑‑ if
I don't do a million dollar production, they don't care ‑‑ so
we cobble it together.
11859 I have to tell
you, I am not here to complain about that at all. I love what I do. I love telling Canadian stories, I love
telling Alberta stories. I have chosen
to do this. But I also feel I want to
make sure that my voice and the voices of my colleagues get on the airwaves and
that we connect with Canadians. I am
passionately Canadian, and I want to make sure we don't lose those stories.
11860 I am delighted
with the success of "Corner Gas" out of Saskatchewan. I think that is fantastic. I think we could do more of those.
11861 Alan, if you would
like to talk to drama?
11862 MR. BROOKS: Just on the other side of drama, it is not
unlike what Connie is talking about in her world as well, it is a matter
of interesting the broadcasters in your project. For Alberta it means you can't walk across
the street and have a cup of coffee with someone, you actually have to get on
an airplane, stay in a hotel, try to meet as many people as you can to sell
your idea and hope that you can get some commitment before you get on the plane
and go back to Alberta.
11863 We have to
remember, there has been a lot of talk at this hearing about "Corner
Gas" and its success. We have to
remember that that program was started because there was a regional incentive in
Saskatchewan. That's why it's in
Saskatchewan.
11864 "This Hour
Has 22 Minutes" is being done in the Maritimes and it started because
there was an incentive to go to the regions.
Those incentives have disappeared, so it is that much harder for the producers
in Alberta to convince a broadcaster to take on his project because there is no
advantage for the broadcaster. That is
probably the major challenge that we face in Alberta.
11865 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Thank you.
11866 Coming back a bit
to HD, you talked about the costs of producing HD programming being about
20 per cent more.
11867 Is that fair?
11868 I was wondering if
you could provide your thoughts on how the sector can remain competitive
regionally, nationally and internationally ‑‑ that is your
sector ‑‑ given that these costs are higher but you are still
getting paid the same amount of money.
11869 Is this
sustainable in the future going forward?
11870 MS EDWARDS: It might be for larger players. As our associates at the CFTPA said, a lot of
them are larger companies. For someone
like myself, I could not sustain that. I
can barely sustain getting my payments to myself a year down the road. It is a crazy way to run a business. My friends look at me and say, you know,
"Couldn't you sell shoes?"
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
11871 MS EDWARDS: It's craziness, but I'm passionate about what
I do so I choose to do this.
11872 But no,
economically it is not sustainable, and so we need to address it.
11873 I believe a recent
broadcast license acknowledged that HD is more costly to produce and made
arrangements with producers to cover some of those costs, so perhaps that is
something to think about as licences are being renewed, that people are
encouraged to help share.
11874 I want the best
quality out there. I want my name on
something that looks fantastic and that is absolutely first class in the
world. I need to have the resources to
do that. As the funding dries up and as
regional incentives have dried up it is becoming more difficult.
11875 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: You indicated your support
earlier today in your presentation for the CRTC imposing priority expenditure
requirements on the larger over‑the‑air broadcasters.
11876 Should some of
this money be earmarked or allocated to, say, the specific regional areas that
these broadcasters serve? Should there
be an obligation to put some of the money back into the areas where the money
is coming out of?
11877 MS EDWARDS: You know, we have thought long and hard about
that very question. Perhaps the most
reasonable way ‑‑ and again I would leave it to the expertise
of the Commission, perhaps it makes the most sense as licences come up for
renewal that there be a requirement for incentives at that level rather than at
the television policy.
11878 I really could not
tell you your business in that regard, but it would be my suggestion to do it
as the licences come up. I think that
makes some sense.
11879 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: No, that is helpful
information. That is helpful.
11880 Should we publish
actual priority expenditures of the over‑the‑air broadcasters on a
regional basis, so you know where the expenditures are being made, and should
they be specific to each broadcaster?
11881 MS EDWARDS: I think that would be fascinating information
to receive.
11882 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Do you support the notion
requiring a higher proportion of benefits and transactions involving broadcast
television undertakings be directed towards the regional Canadian programming
expenditure, specifically directed to the region where the transaction is
taking place in addition to national benefits, that we consider both?
11883 MS EDWARDS: That is a very self‑serving question.
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
11884 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Yes, but it's ‑‑
11885 MS EDWARDS: And we are self‑serving.
11886 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: It is your mission, yes.
11887 MS EDWARDS: Of course.
I think what we have seen is that there has been a trend for
broadcasters to call AMPIA and engage us in conversation prior to licence
applications or renewals. We think this
is a very positive trend. We feel that
we are able to provide input and we feel that we are hurt to some degree. We would certainly ask the Commission to look
at what the regional benefits are for that particular centre.
11888 Really it is your
discretion but, of course very self‑serving, it would be very nice.
11889 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: We note your support for the
positions of the CFTPA so there may be a little overlap on some of the next few
questions. We are not going to spend a
whole bunch of time there because we note you have strong support for what has
already been presented.
11890 What are your
views on terms of trade? Maybe talk
about the dispute mechanism, the ancillary rights and how it would affect a
company like yours and why is this necessary?
11891 MS EDWARDS: I sit on a number of committees on the CFTPA
and I do not sit on that committee, so I can only answer in the most vague
terms what I am aware of of the work they are doing would be very valuable to a
company like mine and we support that process.
11892 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: So when you sign a licence
agreement now, what do you sign away?
11893 MS EDWARDS: It depends.
Everything is negotiable, so there is no ‑‑ it really
depends.
11894 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: So there is no typical ‑‑
11895 MS EDWARDS: No.
No.
11896 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: All right.
11897 On the topic of
preponderance, the CFTPA suggests a five‑to‑one ratio of foreign to
Canadian programming is unacceptable.
11898 What percentage of
Canadian programming should be regional in nature, created for and broadcast in
the licensee's regions? Should there be
a percentage of Canadian programming that is regional in nature?
11899 MR. BROOKS: I don't think that would be necessarily
healthy for the system. The regional
projects, you know it really depends on the projects that each region has to
pitch to the broadcaster. If they had a
certain percentage I'm not sure that you would then get the highest quality
that is on the air.
11900 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Yes.
11901 MR. BROOKS: If they had to achieve a certain percentage
of money spent, they may just spend it and not worry about the quality.
11902 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: I guess what I'm asking
is if there are many broadcasters in, say Alberta, should there be some Alberta
programming on television?
11903 MS EDWARDS: Yes.
We used to have windows locally and regionally for our productions and
we don't have that any more.
11904 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: The same production windows,
did that program also have the opportunity to be used nationally if it
was ‑‑
11905 MS EDWARDS: If it was deemed appropriate.
11906 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Yes, deemed appropriate.
11907 MS EDWARDS: Yes.
Yes.
11908 Again, I agree
very much with what Alan is saying, I think it is important to not micro‑manage.
11909 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Keep it competitive.
11910 MS EDWARDS: I think the best programs should be made,
they really should be. Having said that,
we really do need to remember the regional voices, the diverse voices. The concern is that as we get bigger and
bigger ‑‑ and it is all about economics ‑‑
that the voices are lost.
11911 We want to make
sure we are heard. We are
important. We have things to say in
Alberta.
11912 MR. BROOKS: I think, too, we are also not just looking
for an Alberta shelf space. I mean, if
we produce programs in Alberta, we would like to think they are being produced
for the world. They may run first
nationally on CTV or CBC, but they are good enough to play in Australia or New
Zealand or wherever.
11913 So we are
thinking, we produce programming that is great for the world and we wanted to
showcase it that way. The problem is
that the broadcasters need an incentive, a financial incentive or a financial
advantage to actually produce in the regions, otherwise they will just continue
to produce with someone they can have coffee with with a drive down the Don
Valley Parkway.
11914 MS EDWARDS: We have Emmy‑winning producers in
Alberta, we are very proud of them, and other producers who have won multiple
international awards, national awards.
We have very, very good people.
We are world‑class, and our crews, our writers, performers are
world‑class. We can
compete, we just need a little bit of incentive to get out there.
11915 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: In your written presentation
you have made the point that:
"The Canadian broadcasting
system is best served by a strong and vibrant national production community
that reflects all of Canada to Canadian viewers, a system that truly embraces
regional production, including Alberta."
(As read)
11916 I have had a few
questions in this area, but through the course of this presentation I think you
have made some good points so I'm not going to go through those questions one‑by‑one.
11917 But I do have one
remaining question ‑‑ perhaps one. I should never say "one" because
sometimes your answer brings forward another one.
11918 AMPIA clearly
believes the Canadian broadcast production community is not really doing enough
in the area of regional production.
11919 Other than your
recommendations to the Commission that we have here, is there anything you can
add as to how best we can fix this problem, particularly from an Alberta
perspective since that is the area you are from?
11920 MR. BROOKS: Certainly one idea that we have talked to the
broadcasters about is having a person in the prairies or in our region that we
can talk with, that if we have a project we could sit and talk and that person
could then almost be a filter, if you will, and say "This is a good
idea" and take it forward to the network.
That would be a great assist.
11921 MS EDWARDS: You will notice in some of the interventions
that we have done on some of the licensing renewals and applications, those are
things that we have asked for and in some cases we have received. It is a huge difference for us to be able to
go across town and actually meet real people and that they really need us and
understand our capabilities.
11922 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: I can't remember which hearing
it was, but some time ago one of our broadcasters suggested that was a ‑‑
he termed it a thousand dollar cup of coffee, having to get on the airplane and
fly to Toronto.
11923 MR. BROOKS: That is very true.
11924 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Anyway, thank you very much,
both, for your answers to my questions.
11925 MR. BROOKS: Thank you.
11926 MS EDWARDS: Thank you.
11927 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: That concludes my questioning,
Mr. Chair.
11928 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Mr. French?
11929 COMMISSIONER
FRENCH: The hearing was the Pay TV
hearing and I think Mr. Brooks was here ‑‑
11930 MR. BROOKS: That's right.
11931 COMMISSIONER
FRENCH: My only question is: We did our best on that hearing for you and
there doesn't seem to be any results yet.
11932 Is that the case
or is it looking better?
11933 MR. BROOKS: It's looking better.
11934 Allarco got the
licence for the new Pay TV channel and we understand they are going to launch
September of next year. So they are in
the midst of hiring.
11935 MS EDWARDS: Also, CHUM has a development person in our
province and that was very helpful.
11936 COMMISSIONER
FRENCH: Thank you.
11937 THE
CHAIRPERSON: I only have one
question: When CFTPA appeared and ACTRA,
and other representatives of the producers or the guilds, they all said that
the Commission should eliminate its time credit policy.
11938 If there were to
be time credits granted for regional production, would it be a way to make sure
that there is more regional production?
11939 MS EDWARDS: I think that is a very interesting idea and
it is one that has been discussed. I
think it is a very interesting idea.
11940 MR. BROOKS: That would provide an incentive for the
broadcaster to work with the regions, absolutely.
11941 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Those were our questions.
11942 Thank you,
Mrs. Edwards; thank you, Mr. Brooks.
11943 MR. BROOKS: Thank you very much.
11944 THE
CHAIRPERSON: We will move to the next
intervenor.
11945 THE
SECRETARY: Thank you.
11946 The next
presentation is by the Canadian Broadcast Museum Foundation, if you would come
forward.
‑‑‑ Pause
11947 THE
SECRETARY: Ms Lorraine Thomson‑Nash
will be introducing her panel, after which you will have 10 minutes for
your presentation.
*PRESENTATION / PRÉSENTATION
11948 MS THOMSON‑NASH: Thank you very much.
11949 Actually, Kealy
Wilkinson is going to do it, but I will do it if you want me to.
11950 THE
SECRETARY: Go, Kealy.
11951 MS THOMSON‑NASH: It doesn't matter.
11952 MS WILKINSON: Good afternoon, Mr. Chairman, Members of
the Commission, my name is Kealy Wilkinson, I am the Executive Director of
the CBMF.
11953 Our Chairman,
Peter Herrndorf, is unable to be here with us today because unfortunately there
is a conflict with a CBC board meeting in Montreal, so in his stead we have
brought two of the Foundation's Founding Directors, Fil Fraser on my right, and
Lorraine Thomson here on my right; and the Chairman of the Foundation's Action
Committee, David Taylor on my left.
11954 MR. TAYLOR: Good day.
11955 MS WILKINSON: Lorraine...?
11956 MS THOMSON‑NASH: Yes, they know who I am. You know I am
Lorraine Thomson, and I am a Nash as well, and I am a television pioneer.
11957 I was the first
dancer hired by CBC television in 1952 and I went ‑‑
11958 MR. FRASER: And you still dance.
11959 MS THOMSON‑NASH: And I can still dance.
11960 I went on to have
a varied career as ‑‑ it will be a duo here, if you don't
mind ‑‑ a varied career as a freelance producer, host,
writer. I also co‑founded the
ACTRA Awards, which are now the Geminis, and they were to recognize and honour
excellence in both radio and television.
11961 Now I am a founder
of the Museum of Canadian Broadcasting.
11962 My husband,
Knowlton Nash, is a broadcast historian who has written nine books, including
"The Microphone Wars", the history of public broadcasting; and
"The Swashbucklers", a history of private broadcasting, in addition
to his 50‑year career as a foreign correspondent, news anchor and
broadcast executive.
11963 As you may know,
Knowlton has Parkinson. He is doing very
well, but his handicap is his voice disappears on public occasions like this,
so I am his substitute in this way to read his words to you, because his
writing is still strong.
11964 Here are his
words: No country owes more to
broadcasting than Canada does for developing our sense of nationhood, but no
country has done less to preserve its broadcast history than Canada has.
11965 Radio and
television have reflected the vast panorama our 20th and now 21st century
history, beginning with Canada's first station, XWA in Montréal in 1919 when
the Marconi Wireless Company sold radio wireless receiving sets for $15, and
when a year later a special program from Montreal was heard in Ottawa's Chateau
Laurier Ballroom at a gathering of the Governor General, the Prime Minister and
the elite of the nation and they heard sound emanating from the strange
mechanism and before their very eyes a veritable miracle was evoked, said the
Ottawa Citizen.
11966 A year and a half
later election results were reported on‑air for the first time by stations
in Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver and Saint John, New Brunswick.
11967 1922 brought the
first French‑language station, CKAC in Montreal.
11968 The first
nationwide program on a hastily assembled network of 12 stations marked
Canada's Diamond Jubilee celebration in front of the Parliament buildings on a
hot July 1, 1927. Prime Minister
Mackenzie King was astounded by the electrifying national unity the radio
program produced. All of Canada, he
said, became a single assemblage swayed by a common emotion. I can just hear him saying it too.
11969 The broadcast
buccaneers and missionaries were making history, reflecting our sense of
nationhood in telling our stories, listening to our music and smiling at our
comedy.
11970 Our identification
as Canadians is wrapped in our memories of "The Happy Gang",
"Hockey Night In Canada", "The Plouffe Family",
"Littlest Hobo", "Moi et l'autre"; "Pig 'n
Whistle", "Wayne and Schuster", "W5", APont de Mer", "This Hour
Has Seven Days" and many other wonderful programs and technological
advances.
11971 Indeed, the very
existence of Canada is a triumph of communication. The public and private sector pioneers and
their radio and television successors down through the generations of the
depression, wartime, boom time brought us a portrait of ourselves. They triumphed over the challenges of our
geography and complexities, of our bilingualism and our multiculturalism.
11972 How they did that
is an exciting, enriching, but as yet untold story, a story that the Museum of
Canadian Broadcasting intends to tell.
11973 Kealy...?
11974 MS WILKINSON: It is a platitude that the railway made
Canada possible. In fact, it
is just as true that in the last century Canada owned its continuing
cohesion and vitality to the development of its domestic radio and
television stations and networks.
11975 Bob Wayne, a
veteran of one of this country's iconic stations, CHUM in Toronto, as this
to say:
11976 When Reginald
Fessenden discovered radio, he could never have dreamed what would happen: privately owned radio became the voice of
each and every community it served.
People used radio to learn, to understand, to be entertained, and to
welcome new friends into their homes, the announcers or, as we later called
them, the disc jockeys. Radio was real. It touched lives.
11977 Radio is as much a
part of the Canadian fibre as anything we can name. It is local, it is live and it is Canada.
11978 However, this
great heritage, Bob says, with its magnificent memories and the old technology
is being lost to us because we broadcasters never realized the importance of
the role we played as we were playing it.
As a result, air checks of Canada's great on‑air personalities are
lost, actually and most likely gone all together. The memorabilia of Canada's great radio
stations are lost, thrown out by people who didn't realize the importance of
what they were doing.
11979 Today's
broadcasters learn of our past only through the storytellers who lived radio in
the '40s, '50s, '60s and onward, and we are losing them to ago, so soon the
storytellers too will be lost to us and so will their stories.
11980 At CHUM, Bob says,
he has taken on the pleasant task of rescuing all the memorabilia and on‑air
tapes that they can find.
11981 We are telling our
story on our website he says, on‑the‑air and by visiting collectors
who kept more of our stuff than we did.
11982 As an example, in
1957 CHUM‑AM became the first Canadian radio station to publish a Hit
Parade Chart. For 18 years we
printed 100,000 charts each and every week.
At the new CHUM museum we are struggling to assemble a full set of these
charts and we are still some 56 charts short because every week we just threw
out the extras.
11983 One of Canada's
most popular morning show hosts was CHUM's Al Boliska. He worked from 6:00 to 9:00 every
morning for over six years and we don't have any tape of that morning
show. Al was on‑the‑air at
CHUM for over 4,500 hours and we don't have even one minute. No one ever got Al's story on tape because he
died a young man.
11984 We at CHUM are
encouraged in our detective work by the efforts of the Canadian Broadcast
Museum Foundation and its dedication to the preservation of this Canadian
heritage. CHUM Limited is a financial
backer of this project and he says "I am delighted to help by serving on
the Board. We must retrieve this part of
our history."
11985 Fil...?
11986 M. FRASER: Merci, et bonjour, mesdames et messieurs.
11987 Il est
encourageant de constater, d=après les commentaires de Bob, qui
vient de parler, que les radiodiffuseurs réalisent par eux‑mêmes l=importance tout à fait singulaire de
leur travail.
11988 Oui, la
radiodiffusion est une entreprise, et une bonne entreprise, à part ça, mais
elle implique aussi l=information et le divertissement,
qui s=avèrent le reflet et même l=évolution des attitudes de vie de
Cornerbrook à Inuvik, en passant par Edmonton et Port Hardy. La radiodiffusion, ce n=est pas seulement une autre job.
11989 Dans ses documents de soumission, la
fondation a donné un aperçu de ses plans pour la collection, la préservation et
la célébration du patrimoine canadien en matière de radio et de télévision.
11990 Il s=agit d=une approche à trois volets, qui
comprennent, en anglais, finding and preserving as much of the decades of
lost material as possible; ensuring that from next year forward, 2007
onward, there are cost‑effective mechanisms in place that allow
broadcasters to preserve significant local, regional and national programming
and the artifacts that tell their stories; and finally, to create innovative
opportunities for Canadians to celebrate their broadcasting accomplishments.
11991 C=est, donc, dire qu=il faudrait exploiter l=énergie et employer à bien les
talents de nos radiodiffuseurs, mais aussi ceux des experts spécialisés dans le
domaine de Patrimoine canadien ‑‑ I have to spend more time in
Quebec obviously ‑‑
‑‑‑ Laughter / Rires
11992 M. FRASER : ...et même s=il ne s=agit pas de réinventer la roue, nous
aurons besoin des ressources pour défrayer les coûts permanents de l=assemblage, la préservation, l=entreposage et l=exposition de la collection de la
radiodiffusion nationale.
11993 David...?
11994 MR. TAYLOR: In the period 2007 to 2012 we have budgeted
the cost of building the national broadcast collection at $2.5 million,
with operating costs adding an additional $2 million over this period.
11995 In the analog era,
Canada became internationally renown for the quality of its engineers
and technologists and, as you know, took the lead in the development of
microwave relay transmission, cable television and
communication satellites.
11996 In this new
century, Canadians are proving to be masters of digital innovation and its
creative use.
11997 These skills will
enable us to harness leading‑edge technology to celebrate our broadcast
heritage as we created web‑based galleries and distance learning
capabilities. We estimate the
development of all the necessary digital architecture, educational program
design and maintenance will add another $5.5 million in costs, bringing
the anticipated funds required to a total of $10 million over the next
five years.
11998 An opportunity may
arise to expand the museum of Canadian Broadcasting from the digital concept to
a bricks and mortar presence, by co‑siting a dedicated exhibition
facility within an existing federal heritage institution, preferably here in
the National Capital Region. This would
create a one‑time capital requirement in the range of $30 million.
11999 To help fund all
these initiatives, we have suggested the Commission encourage broadcasters to
earmark a small percentage, perhaps 3 percent of the public benefit funds,
to the Foundation's Broadcast Heritage Fund.
12000 MS WILKINSON: Knowlton was correct in stating that no
country has done less than Canada to preserve its broadcast history.
12001 Just to put things
in a bit of perspective here, this past Sunday The Netherlands opened its new
Museum of Radio and Television to preserve and make accessible some
700,000 hours of culturally significant programming.
12002 In 2003‑04,
Screen Sound Australia had a budget of $28 million and 200 staff dedicated
to preserving Australia's electronic media.
That is in a nation of 17 million people.
12003 This year, the 938
staff at L'Institut national de l'audiovisuelle will spend the Canadian equivalent
of $170 million on the collection and preservation of France's Radio,
Television, Cable and Satellite programming, an assignment they have been
working on since 1975.
12004 But that is France
and this is Canada. We have done very
little over the past 80 years and we have a lot to make up for and very
few resources to do it with, which is why we are suggesting that as a practical
and economical place to start, because our broadcasting history is really the
story of Canada, its idols and its icons in the 20th Century ‑‑
that's the one just past ‑‑ and going forward.
12005 On March 25, 2003,
Chairman Dalfen indicated to us that the Commission will encourage the
continuing partnership between the Foundation and Canada's radio, television,
cable and satellite industries in their efforts to preserve our broadcast
heritage. We hope the Commission will
continue to do so and we will be very pleased to answer any questions you may
have.
12006 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Thank you very much,
Ms Wilkinson.
12007 Mrs. Duncan
has the first question.
12008 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Good afternoon. Thank you very much.
12009 Your brief was
very helpful and you have already answered, in your oral remarks today, some of
the questions that I had.
12010 So you are looking
to a quantum of about $10 million over a five‑year period. That is excluding if you were to have a
building, but $10 million to get started.
12011 I'm just
wondering, because we have no way of knowing what, if any, ownership
transactions will come before us in any year ‑‑ and I'm sure
you are aware of that ‑‑ how would you propose to finance or
fund any shortfalls?
12012 MS WILKINSON: Commissioner, this is by no means the only
way in which we generate revenue. We in
fact have broadcast partnerships with a number of ‑‑ well, all
the major Canadian broadcasters and we are developing partnerships now with
other sectors of the industry.
12013 This is the kind
of incremental money we know is going to be required over the next few years in
order to augment what we are already doing.
In the past five years we have begun the establishment of the national
broadcast collection, and we find ourselves, checking last week, already the
possessors of over 1,300 artifacts that are unique to the country. They appear almost daily through the door, by
mail, whatever.
12014 Once this activity
becomes public, we are aware that the volume is going to increase exponentially
and we are going to have to be able to cope with the result.
12015 MS THOMSON‑NASH: So much of it, too, comes from private
individuals that they have in their basement, their garage, or somewhere. And as they are dying off from age, as you
can imagine, these things are disappearing.
They are being tossed out. The
family doesn't know what they are. They
don't know why they would want to keep them.
12016 It is part of our
history and it is extremely important to be kept.
12017 MR. FRASER: If I can wade in, as an old artifact
myself ‑‑
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
12018 MR. FRASER: In answer to your question, I would suggest
another possibility, which is not an official position of CBMF. It's Fraser doing his thing.
12019 And that is to
build into the structure of this industry a solid unassailable means of making
sure that the preservation of the history of this industry is maintained into
the future.
12020 There are lots of
precedents for it. The Commission has
the power and has in the past mandated that certain things were to happen. The CTF is one of its most successful initiatives. We wouldn't have the television industry we
have in this country without that mandated fund, which was clearly a creature
of the CRTC.
12021 Pierre Juneau is
sitting in the room. He was the first
Chair of this organization. Without him
early on saying "thou shalt play 35 percent Canadian music on radio"
we would not have the world‑renowned music industry that we have in this
country today.
12022 I would plead with
the Commission to create as part of the licensing process for both BDUs and
broadcasters and carriers some portion of their income to be dedicated to the
preservation of broadcasting history on an ongoing basis. It's a very small amount relative to the
kinds of moneys that you deal with, and it would ensure that the kind of work
that Kealy and Lorraine and others are doing and put it on a national basis in
both languages to make sure that this history is ‑‑ I mean,
there is no tape left of my play‑by‑play hockey broadcasts of the
Barrie Flyers in 1957.
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
12023 MS THOMSON‑NASH: And nobody can find Foster Hewitt's tapes
either. If you know of any anywhere,
please let us know. People are searching
far and wide, including the Hockey Hall of Fame, if I understand correctly,
David.
12024 MR. TAYLOR: Yes.
12025 MR. FRASER: I'm a little bit out of line here but,
because I'm a bit of a maverick, I would make that plea to the Commission to
consider that. It's important.
12026 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Actually, in a way it's right on
line with my next question. What I was
wondering was what about after 2012. So
you are thinking down the road.
12027 What you are
suggesting actually could even start concurrently, perhaps.
12028 MS WILKINSON: Yes.
12029 MS THOMSON‑NASH: The other thing that happens too, of course,
is not only past history important, but recent history.
12030 I was talking to a
television director yesterday and asking him what was happening to all the
information that came across in the Liberal Convention, for instance. He said we're tossing it out, except for the
news footage, of course, the footage that goes to a news library. Everything else is being tossed out. I said toss some to us.
12031 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: We don't think about these
things.
12032 MS WILKINSON: No, we don't.
12033 MS THOMSON‑NASH: But yesterday is history, as well as 1952 when
I first started to dance.
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
12034 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: I am wondering then, following
on from your comments to this point, of the funds that you already have
committed, what portion of the $10 million is already covered for that five‑year
period?
12035 MS WILKINSON: the $10 million that we are addressing in the
submission is incremental.
12036 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Oh, it is; thank you.
12037 The tangible
benefit commitment associated with some ownership transactions, as you know,
can be quite sizeable. We have one that
we are hearing about off in the wings. I
am wondering if you think it would be reasonable to set a maximum limit.
12038 If you use a
percentage and it's an enormous transaction, is that really over the top?
12039 Do you think it
would be reasonable to set a maximum?
12040 MS THOMSON‑NASH: I guess because of the situation we are in, I
would be more concerned about setting a minimum, to be perfectly honest,
Commissioner. The opportunity for those
extra‑large windfalls comes along so very, very rarely and of course they
will decrease in frequency as more and more occur.
12041 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Thank you.
12042 I don't know about
accountability because I can't see that in your organization but I see you
people here in front of me. I don't know
if it's even worth asking the question.
12043 Do you think that
if the Commission is going to do this, the museum should be accountable to file
an annual audited statement, for example, with the Commission or an annual
report on your progress?
12044 MS WILKINSON: Yes, as well as our partners, of course.
12045 MS THOMSON‑NASH: Absolutely.
12046 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Thank you very much. That is very helpful.
12047 I have no more
questions.
12048 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Thank you.
12049 Commissioner
Williams.
12050 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Good afternoon, panellists.
12051 Mr. Fraser, how
long have you been in the broadcasting industry?
12052 MR. FRASER: I started a year before Lorraine.
12053 MS THOMSON‑NASH: He is older than I am.
12054 MR. FRASER: 1951.
12055 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: 1951. At what point in your seniority did you get
to refer to yourself as an artifact?
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
12056 MS THOMSON‑NASH: I said I was a pioneer. He had to use something else.
12057 MR. FRASER: I have to be older than my friend here.
12058 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Where was the first radio
station and first television station in Canada?
12059 MR. FRASER: It was CFCF in Montreal, originally XWA. CFCF was Canada's First, Canada's Finest. And I worked there in 1958‑59.
12060 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Was it a private or public
radio station?
12061 MR. FRASER: It was private.
12062 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Television was in Montreal
as well on September 6, 1952 and the day after in Toronto.
12063 MR. FRASER: That's right.
12064 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: The day after in Toronto.
12065 Given that the
industry's birth was in Toronto and Montreal, why have you chosen Ottawa as the
location for your museum?
12066 MS WILKINSON: The fact is that we think it's extremely
important for there to be a presence in the National Capital. It will not be the only presence, because the
plan we're working to makes allowance for the development of exhibition
facilities in Toronto and Montreal and in Vancouver.
12067 But the idea of
having a major national presence in both languages in the National Capital
Region is something that our board endorsed several years ago.
12068 MR. FRASER: For example, if I can add on, we conceive
this material scattered all over the country.
There is stuff in the Alberta Archives that I know about and the
National Archive here in Gatineau. So we
will be a point of access for that material.
We won't move it all into one place.
It will be scattered across the country.
Someone will know, we will know where it is and what it is and how you
can get at it.
12069 MS THOMSON‑NASH: One of the things that we hope to do when we
have a physical place to be, whether it is in Ottawa or not ‑‑
but we think it will be ‑‑ is that the opportunity to put on
displays of what has happened in television and radio over the years will be
phenomenal.
12070 Yes, there will be
a website, for instance, that you can go to, a virtual museum that you can go
to. But to come in and sit in Lloyd
Robertson's or Knowlton Nash's chair and pretend you are doing a newscast or to
be involved in watching something be edited, or watching it be deleted, as many
of the things are happening today; that when you are working with computers and
so on, programming that used to be on tape or currently on disks in many
instances, now gets deleted because they just press a button and it's gone.
12071 I can remember,
for instance, saving 65 of my own interview shows when somebody said at the
CBC ‑‑ I was working at the CBC at the time ‑‑
"we need this tape". And I
said, "what are you going to do with it?" He said, "We're going to erase
it." And I said, "Over my dead
body you are going to erase it."
12072 I physically saved
them and they went on to play on Bravo! for very many years later, time and
time again, because it was material that was saved. But it was saved because I happened to be
there.
12073 The point of
having a place to go is to touch, to feel, to see, to smell if you like, what
it was like in the pioneer days and in yesterday.
12074 COMMISSIONER
WILLIAMS: Thank you very much.
12075 Mr. Chair, that
concludes my questions for this panel.
12076 THE
CHAIRPERSON: I have a few questions
myself.
12077 There are other
organizations doing ‑‑ personally, I've been a jury on the AV
Preservation Trust whose main goal is somehow a bit similar to yours, but they
don't have a museum. They only recognize
and work towards the preservation of some of the artifacts and sound recording
and film.
12078 There is also the
Canadian Communications Foundation which is building the history of Canadian
broadcasting and which is currently running a fairly impressive website.
12079 Obviously there is
also the National Library, which has a lot of material.
12080 Are you working
all together or are they individual activities and nobody talks to each other?
12081 MS WILKINSON: Mr. Chairman, no. In fact, we are working with all of those
organizations.
12082 In fact, we have
joint directors on each other's boards so that we don't get out of sync and so
that we always know exactly what is going on inside each organization. We are working with them to try and pull
together some fairly unique representations of Canada, both on the web and in a
physical presence.
12083 In fact, we have
representatives of the Canadian Communications Foundation on our Collection
Committee. We have representatives of
the Library and Archives of Canada, both on our board and on the Collection
Committee.
12084 That sort of
arrangement we have been pursuing from the very beginning, because we didn't
see any point in re‑inventing the wheel.
12085 THE
CHAIRPERSON: What are you doing
regarding French Canada? Anything?
12086 MS WILKINSON: Oh, yes, absolutely.
12087 In fact, we
piloted the exploration phase of this activity and figured if we were going to
make some major mistakes, we would kind of constrain the impact. But we have been working with broadcasters in
French Canada.
12088 Daniel Gourd has
recently accepted the challenge of developing the Quebec and Francophone Canada
component of the activity.
12089 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Tell him to contact
me. I know where some of the archives
are.
12090 MS WILKINSON: I will.
12091 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Radio archives. In the basement of an employee of a radio
station.
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
12092 MS WILKINSON: Thank you so much.
12093 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Ladies, gentlemen, thank
you very much for your presentation.
12094 MS THOMSON‑NASH: Thank you for your time.
12095 THE
CHAIRPERSON: We will take a 15‑minute
break and we will resume at 3:30.
‑‑‑ Upon recessing
at 1512 / Suspension à 1512
‑‑‑ Upon resuming
at 1530 / Reprise à 1530
12096 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Order, please. À l'ordre, s'il vous plaît. Madame la secrétaire; Ms Secretary.
12097 LE PRÉSIDENT: Merci, monsieur le président.
12098 Nous procéderons
maintenant à la présentation de Nos Ondes Publiques.
12099 We will now proceed with Our Public
Airwaves' Presentation, Mr Arthur Lewis will ‑‑ you will have
ten minutes for your presentation, Mr. Lewis.
*PRÉSENTATION / PRESENTATION
12100 MR. LEWIS: Thank you.
Good afternoon, Mr. Chairman, Commissioners. My name is Arthur Lewis and I'm here to speak
on behalf of Our Public Airwaves. We are
a public interest advocacy organization dedicated to revitalization of public
broadcasting in Canada.
12101 OPA was launched
in 2003 at the initiative of concerned Canadians, both organizations and
individuals, who believe a strong Public Broadcasting System is essential to
provide a broad range of innovative programming in the public interest, independent
of commercial considerations.
12102 Because we are a
relatively young organization, this is our first appearance before the
Commission and I would like to express appreciation for the opportunity to be
heard today.
12103 As advocates for
public broadcasting we believe that Canada's Broadcasting System has become
seriously unbalanced in terms of the relative positions of its public and
private components. Any review of the
regulatory framework should, therefore, seek out ways in which that balance can be restored.
12104 Today's CBC is no
match financially for Canada's well‑founded commercial networks. A point best illustrated by the ease with
which Bell Globe Medias, CTV outbids CBC for broadcast rights to the 2010‑2012
Olympic games. If media speculation is
to be believed, this could well happen again when rights to NHL hockey come up
for bid.
12105 And so, we come
before you to ask that the Commission in considering its television policy keep
firmly in mind the role of public broadcasting as a vital component of the
system.
12106 There are several
specific issues that I want to focus on today, but of them the one that is
clearly the most important is programming.
12107 In your opening
remarks last week, Mr. Chairman, you listed the first objective of this
proceeding is ensuring that licensees contribute in the most effective manner
possible to production acquisition of broadcast of high quality programming,
Canadian programming.
12108 We would submit
that CBC and Radio‑Canada has the only major OTA networks that are
willing and able to focus all of their efforts toward achieving that goal. It would, therefore, seem appropriate for the
Commission to do everything possible within its powers to assist... to assist
CBC toward that end.
12109 And how might you
go about doing that? Well, more money
would certainly help, but I'll get to that issue in a minute.
12110 First, let me
suggest that CBC needs to bulk up a bit, develop a bit more marketplace
muscle. We believe that an important
first step toward levelling the playing field for public broadcasting would be
to require compulsory carriage as part of the basic package by all BDUS of all
CBC‑Radio‑Canada TV channels, including those now classified ass
"specialty" or "digital".
12111 This would ensure that
all public channels are available to the largest possible number of Canadian
households. That, in turn, would enhance
the ability of CBC to finance production and acquisition or programming by
providing it with widely available second window channels.
12112 I need only point
to the recent fiasco that resulted from the CBC's airing of secondary curling
matches on Country Canada to illustrate this point, and if any of the
Commissioners don't understand what I am getting at there, I'll be happy to
explain later.
12113 It would, of
course, be necessary to require that BDUs continue to collect payment of
subscription fees for those channels to which they now apply.
12114 While we
appreciate that CBC itself has not made this request for universal carriage, we
believe the Commission should consider the public interest, even when that may
not be what CBC's current management has chosen to ask for.
12115 As its second
objective, the Commission has focused on regulations relating to costs and
revenue. This is where we get to the
money.
12116 Our Public
Airwaves believes the Commission should require BDUs to pay a compulsory
subscription fee for transmission of those CBC‑SRC services that are now
categorized as OTA.
12117 Because Canadians
have long struggled with the question of how best to appropriately finance our
national public broadcaster, CBC now finds itself in a very difficult financial
situation when it has led to over‑commercialization and an obsession with
ratings at the expense of its public service mandate.
12118 A monthly fee of
only $2.00 would provide our national public networks with approximately $240
million dollars in additional annual funding.
That money, in turn, would allow CBC and Radio‑Canada to offer a
much larger slate of quality Canadian programming and, in particular, drama.
12119 It would be
tempting to propose that subscription fees be limited to CBC and perhaps the
provincial educational networks. At the
very least, we suggest that our national public broadcaster should be given preference
in the application of such a fee.
12120 Whatever their
fears for the future, the private networks remain profitable and for CBC, the
need is now. I should note the response
of Ted Rogers to this Commission last week, when he said that if a subscription
fee is to be levied, it should only be for CBC and not its profit‑making
competitors.
12121 Then, there is the
question of advertising. We believe that
for a public broadcaster, CBC‑Radio‑Canada has become far too
commercial. That's best illustrated by
the fact that current management now calls it a "publicly subsidized
commercial TV broadcaster".
12122 For the moment at
least, it's impractical for CBC to wean itself from this essential source of
funding, but we believe it's time for the Commission to impose restrictions on
the manner in which a public broadcaster can commercialize itself.
12123 For example; in
our view, it is totally inappropriate for a public broadcaster to carry
programming for which fees have been paid for product placement. Equally unacceptable is digital alteration of
images for the purpose of inserting advertising, except perhaps in professional
sports programming.
We, therefore, ask that the
Commission forbid such practices by public broadcasters.
12124 In the same
spirit, we further suggest that the Commission mandate the allocation of one
third of all new subscription revenue toward reduction of commercial minutes in
CBC programming. This should begin with
a substantial reduction of commercials with the news, current affairs and
documentary programming.
12125 One final point
with regard to the third objective of these hearings, examining options for
effective delivery of Canadian digital HD signals.
12126 We believe that
Canadian broadcasting, public broadcasting signals in particular, must be
universally available. The very concept
of public broadcasting demands it. But
the world is not always as we might wish and pragmatic considerations of costs
may dictate otherwise.
12127 The Commission may
well decide in its wisdom to allow OTA networks to limit coverage of their
digital transmitters to larger markets while relying on satellite and cable
systems to cover the rest of the country.
And, of course, we've had a lot of discussion of that in the last week
and a half.
12128 In that case, to
accommodate the needs of low income Canadians as well as those for whom TV is a
low priority, we believe the Commission should require all BDUS to provide a
price‑regulated minimum cost basic digital service to include all public
broadcasting channels as well as the other Canadian OTA networks.
12129 When we look at
the television services of CBC‑Radio‑Canada, we see far more than
the over‑commercialized under‑funded networks that Canadians love
to criticize. We see the greatness that
once was and the enormous potential for public service that still exists.
12130 In any
reformulation of television policy, we respectfully ask that the Commission use
its regulatory powers to the fullest extent possible, to enhance the ability of
our national public broadcaster to satisfy the programming needs of Canadians.
12131 Thank you again
for this opportunity to express our views.
I welcome your questions in a particular ‑‑ I welcome
the opportunity to respond to Vice‑Chairman French on the question of
second guessing the government with respect to CBC funding.
12132 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Thank you, Mr. Lewis.
12133 My first question
to you will be ‑‑ since as you've said, it is the first time
that Our Public Airwaves has a chance to appear before the Commission, could
you, in some ‑‑ in a few words, tell us who you are and who
you represent, Our Public Airwaves, as an organization and how is your
membership structure?
12134 MR. LEWIS: Well, we grew out of a conference that was
held here in Ottawa five years ago, called "Finding Focus". It was a conference on public ‑‑
a three‑day conference on public broadcasting attended by a broad cross‑section
of people from the production community, from broadcasting networks, from the
public at the Chateau Laurier.
12135 And there was a
feeling coming out of that conference that there was no one advocating for
public broadcasting in this country.
12136 Certainly, at the
time nobody was playing that role and after a lot of tuning and throwing over a
period of time, funds were raised, a lot of it ‑‑ we got
funding from the Canadian Media Guild who appeared earlier, a number of
teachers unions, the Canadian Teachers Federation and Steelworkers Public
Service Alliance and all the Alberta Teachers Federation, the British Columbia
Teachers Federation and some of the Ontario Teachers Federation kicked in
money.
12137 That's how we got
started and we are slowly as we become better known, doing some public fund
raising from ordinary Canadians. We have
a mailing list of about 40,000 Canadians who receive our occasional e‑mail
newsletter and participate in some of our campaigns in support of public
broadcasting.
12138 I don't know if
that answers your question. I don't want
to go in it too long.
12139 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Yes. Yes, it does.
Obviously, I'm sure that you know Friends of Canadian Broadcasting?
12140 MR. LEWIS: Oh!
Very well.
12141 THE
CHAIRPERSON: As an organization, but
obviously which is mainly made up of individuals while your organization is
made up of structured organizations such as unions or guilds and other
interested ‑‑
12142 MR. LEWIS: Well, no, not exactly. That was where some of the initial funding
came from. Our Coordinating Committee
consists of a cross‑section of individuals with varying broadcasting
backgrounds or not We have a former vice‑president
of the Public Service Alliance, a former president of the Canadian Teachers
Federation, a former director of Strategic Planning for the CBC, a documentary
film producer, myself, and the president of Canadian Media Guild, but in we, in
our perspective, attempt to represent consumers, viewers, and our funding is
moving more and more towards donations from ordinary Canadians.
12143 You mentioned
Friends and I suppose I should say and I guess there is to some degree a
certain amount of friendly, you know, not always friendly competition between
the two organizations, but Friends, you will note, does not advocate for public
broadcasting.
12144 They advocate for
Canadian content in the audio‑visual system and there is a substantial
difference in that respect.
12145 THE
CHAIRPERSON: That I could recognize that
you have different goals, but sometimes they could go parallel, in parallel.
12146 MR. LEWIS: Oh! Absolutely.
12147 THE
CHAIRPERSON: You have in your oral
presentation today alluded to the compulsory carriage of all the CBC over‑the‑air
channels as well as the specialty services and you mentioned Country
Canada. I suppose that you will mention
documentary as well and ‑‑
12148 MR. LEWIS: Well, that's not really there as yet, but
that's for you to decide.
12149 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Yes, but the thing is that
in all the others in which they ‑‑ are you meaning that ‑‑
I know that in some instances they are partners with others in the ownership of
some of the specialty services, and in some other instances, like Newsworld,
obviously, it is totally CBC‑owned and
operated.
12150 Are you advocating
that all those specialty services in which the CBC has an involvement should be
on basic?
12151 MR. LEWIS: Well, I am thinking primarily of those where
the CBC is the principal controlling shareholder, certainly, Country Canada,
Newsworld, RDI, the Documentary Channel should that transaction be approved,
and any others that might at some point come along in the future. Who knows what the digital world will bring?
12152 THE
CHAIRPERSON: And you are making that
recommendation because of the curling experience that you had to go through on
Country Canada, which was obviously on a tier, you may not have been a subscriber
to that tier at the time?
12153 MR. LEWIS: I am not even a curling fan, sir, but I think
it was widely seen across the country that it was a fiasco for CBC and led to
CBC losing subsequently its carriage of curling because the curling community
was so outraged, and the problem being that CBC, unlike some of the other
broadcasters, and CTV comes immediately to mind, does not have this large
supply of secondary channels on which it can lay off programming.
12154 So when it
attempted, because it can't on its main channel run all of the curling matches,
to put them on Country Canada, there was an enormous outcry from the curling
community because the vast majority of those who wanted to watch the matches
don't have access to Country Canada.
12155 We believe that as
a public broadcasting channel, Country Canada and any other public channel
should be available to the public. I
think it is as simple as that.
12156 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Taking curling as an
example, which is certainly a sport by itself, is it really the mandate of
Country Canada to carry curling?
12157 MR. LEWIS: Oh, I couldn't speak to that, sir.
12158 THE
CHAIRPERSON: As you probably are aware,
the CRTC has been licensing the specialty services on the basis of thematics,
which is one per genre, and obviously, sports is a genre by itself in which
there is some competitions because you have a national network and regional
services, some owned by CTV, some others owned by Rogers, but all the other
services, mainly, they are always licensed through genres.
12159 I wonder if really
the country specialty service was the place to carry curling in the first
place.
12160 MR. LEWIS: Well, that is a very good question and it is
one I would encourage you to address to the CBC. I just don't have any opinion on it. I was speaking to the broader question of the
CBC's lack of secondary channels.
12161 You raised, for
instance, in the genre of sports ‑‑ and I should note that the
Commission seems to have been fairly generous in allowing a number of licensees
to migrate from genre to genre. We could
talk about Spike, I think it was, and a couple of others that have transformed
but let us not go there.
12162 Let us talk about
sports. Well, we already have the
situation with the CBC losing the Olympics.
There is a possibility that they may well lose hockey in the future and
it is something, I think, that terrifies them considerably.
12163 CTV has a
considerable advantage in this area by having ‑‑ by owning
sports channels on which it can lay off the cost and the airing of secondary
games and the same applies to the Olympics.
It really does put the CBC at a very substantial disadvantage.
12164 And you may recall
that the CBC has in the past come before this Commission ‑‑
and I can't cite chapter and verse, you would know it better than I ‑‑
seeking licences for other channels for which it has been denied.
12165 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Well, for sometime the
Commission asked itself, is the CBC fulfilling its mandate on its main channel
before granting them the authority to start segmenting their over‑the‑air
service, because one of the concerns that was raised by intervenors like you
over the years was that they were fearing that the CBC could use the
opportunity of having specialty services to move some content from the free
over‑the‑air network towards a specialty service for which they
will be receiving a fee for carriage.
12166 MR. LEWIS: Well again, that is a concern that the
Commission may well have but the reality of the television game today is
multiple windows, multiple platforms.
12167 Let us keep going
back to CTV. When CTV puts money into
"Corner Gas", they air it on CTV, they air it on the Comedy
Channel. This makes the economics of
producing a program like "Corner Gas" far more appealing to CTV than,
for instance, the CBC, that does not have a vast array of secondary channels.
12168 So having multiple
windows, having shelf space, however you want to describe it, is certainly a
large ‑‑ or not having it in the case of the CBC is certainly
a substantial problem and we think that you could assist the CBC in at least
making sure that those channels that it does have are widely available to all
Canadians.
12169 And after all,
they are channels owned by Canadians. So
we think that any public channel should be available to the public. I mean that seems to me kind of a given.
12170 THE
CHAIRPERSON: While I understand what you
say, the reality is that there were policy decisions made years ago allowing
the introduction of specialty services as long as the market forces are
interested in getting them and the CBC has elected to play in that game and
apply for various specialty services such as Country, such as Documentary, such
as Arts TV in French, and to be carried by the distributors in the same manner
as the other commercial operations, because they are self‑sustaining,
they are living from a carriage fee and from advertising.
12171 And yearly, we are
getting the annual report of each of these services and we can see that at best
they are breaking even and most of the time they are making a profit.
12172 MR. LEWIS: Well, without being disrespectful, sir, that
was then and this is now. The Commission
in its wisdom, for instance, licensed CTV's Newsnet to be a headline service. You then allowed it to become a more direct
competitor of Newsworld. The Commission
licensed Spike as something else ‑‑ I can't even remember, it
was, you tell me ‑‑ and then allowed it to become something
else.
12173 So my point is
things change, the world moves on, and I am dealing with what is here now and
not what might have been when policies were made however many years ago.
12174 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Spike is not a Canadian
service, it is an American service. The
other alternative was to remove it from the distribution and the Commission,
after assessing the content of the new service, came to the conclusion that
there was no similar service offered in Canada.
So that is another story.
12175 If we move towards
the other items that you have in your brief.
Subscription fees, what you are arguing is that CBC shall get a
fee ‑‑ if the Commission was to make the decision that a fee
is an acceptable policy, then you are saying that the CBC shall be granted one
and you are suggesting $2.00 per subscriber per month.
12176 Have you thought
of what kind of fee should be contemplated for carriage of the CBC service in
the francophone market and vice versa?
12177 MR. LEWIS: Well, I was picking a number ‑‑
we were picking a number arbitrarily, as any amount such as this would be, but
you are talking primarily of two national networks and we think both those
networks should be available to all Canadians.
So in effect, you are talking about $1.00 for CBC, $1.00 for Radio‑Canada.
12178 THE
CHAIRPERSON: And do you have any views
about fee for carriage for commercially operated over‑the‑air or
you share in Mr. Rogers' conclusion?
12179 MR. LEWIS: Well, we try not to spend too much of our
effort occupying ourselves with what the private broadcasters do. That is something that Friends interests
itself in more and obviously the Commission is but we are focused more on
public broadcasting. So whether you do
or don't grant fees for carriage to commercial broadcasters is not something
that we have a strong opinion on.
12180 All we are saying
is that CBC should be first in line and has the greatest need and beyond that
the Commission will do in its wisdom what it thinks best.
12181 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Now, if the Commission was
to grant a fee for carriage for CBC, then what you are saying is that CBC shall
reduce their advertising content by a third?
12182 MR. LEWIS: That is a proposal that we are putting
forward.
12183 There is, as you
may appreciate ‑‑ I am sure you are more than aware of the
unhappiness that arises from time to time, as, for example, in the recent
Senate report on media, the suggestions that come forward regularly that CBC
Television get out of the advertising business.
This Commission, of course, many years ago now, told the CBC to get out
of advertising in the radio business.
12184 And the CBC is
overly dependent in the view of many Canadians on advertising. The Senate Committee suggested that it get
out of advertising totally. In some
respects that might be desirable but it seems impractical.
12185 We are trying to
offer a way to move forward without saying okay, pull all the ads, because
there is no way that revenue will be replaced, and frankly, it is a struggle
because if I had $100 million or $200 million to give to the CBC, the last
thing I would ask them to do is to use all of that money to take advertising
off the air because I think there are much greater needs in terms of developing
programming.
12186 So we are making a
suggestion for a modest advancement here, two‑thirds of any subscription
fee towards programming, one‑third towards a pullback from what we see as
overcommercialization. It is a judgment
call. It could be 20 percent or 40
percent. We are saying about a
third. Again, I wouldn't be distressed
if you said 20 or 40, whatever the Commission might feel appropriate.
12187 I would be
distressed if you said 100 percent because then there is no new funding for
programming.
12188 THE
CHAIRPERSON: And $240 million will not
be enough to replace ‑‑
12189 MR. LEWIS: No, exactly.
12190 THE CHAIRPERSON:
‑‑ on top of that? Finally, regarding over‑the‑air
transmission, as you know there are various options that have been tabled over
the last couple of days and hybrid, the system, and old BDU delivery of
television in this country. What you
said, you don't seem to have a strong opinion on that, but you are saying that
if it was to go towards a BDU delivery, then the BDUs should make sure that
they provide, at the minimum cost, a decoder into all households who are not
currently receiving distribution services in order that they get the current
over‑the‑air service.
12191 MR. LEWIS: Well this, again, is one of those difficult
questions of balancing, as you well know.
And as I suggested in my earlier remarks, in an ideal world the CBC
would provide an over‑the‑air signal in digital as it now does in
analogue to all Canadians because public broadcasting should be available to
the Canadian public. And in theory, that
means I suppose that if there is, you know, one guy who has, you know, a trapline
in the Northwest Territories who can't get an over‑the‑air signal,
you know, there is something wrong.
12192 The reality is
that even today with analogue there are small pockets here and there where you
can't get ‑‑ I mean, we don't 100 per cent, we have I don't
know, you tell me, probably 95 per cent, 99 per cent, whatever the coverage is,
it is not 100 per cent. What we are
saying that the practical realities may well dictate that a complete coverage
is not possible.
12193 We think that it
is incumbent up on the Commission, not upon BDUs, on the Commission to ensure
that there is, as much as with telephone service, a basic package that is
available at minimal cost for those who don't want all the bells and whistles,
that there should be a very basic cost at a minimum regulated fee and the
Commission may well want to look at other aspects of the delivery of this. You may want to look at what the British are
doing in terms of their rather complex multiplex system, which was referred to
I think on Friday. You still have to go
out and buy a digital box out of your own pocket, but then the digital channels
are provided. But we are talking here of
a country with obviously a much different geography. So what is practical in this country?
12194 I would like to
make a suggestion. You know, the problem
for many Canadians is five, seven, eight years, however many years it takes,
whatever the cut‑off date, is that many years away. And as the Commission is aware, this problem
has arrived already for the people of Kamloops, British Columbia and will
arrive in the coming years, I suspect, in other communities where we have a
situation where the CBC affiliate in Kamloops has moved over to Global, there
is no longer an over‑the‑air broadcast signal from CBC
available. If you want to get it on cable,
if you want to get it on satellite, it is there, but if you live in Kamloops
and you have rabbit ears, you are out of luck.
12195 I would suggest
that this provides an opportunity for the Commission should you decide that you
are going down, let us say, a hybrid road.
I frankly, think that the Commission and the government should be trying
to find a solution for the people of Kamloops, but that may not be practical.
12196 But I would like
to suggest that if we head down the road toward some sort of a hybrid system
you might well want to look at Kamloops as a place where you can experiment
with solutions, because they have a problem now. So whatever you are thinking you might roll
out for everybody who doesn't get reception through the hybrid system that the
CBC is proposing, test it out in Kamloops because they have the problem today,
see how it works. Maybe there are a
couple of different solutions. Here is a
lab, here is a testing site to see what will work for those Canadians who,
should the time come, do not have over‑the‑air reception.
12197 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Well, Mr. Lewis, those were
my questions.
12198 Mr. French.
12199 COMMISSIONER
FRENCH: Mr. Lewis, I can hardly fail to
take you up on your request and I am glad to discover someone who actually
wants to answer this question and since I have asked it on a number of
occasions and never got an answer.
12200 I mean, just let
me tell you what I have heard from the previous people who have answered me, if
I may paraphrase it. My motives are
pure. I speak for what Canadians want or
what they would want if they knew what was good for them. The public objective that I am searching to
achieve is of such transcendent importance that the essentially academic
concerns of the Commission about things like political accountability and
democratic responsibility are really not important. The Government of Canada and the Parliament
of Canada who have got the financing of the CBC wrong and it is the CRTC's job,
in part, to see to that.
12201 So that is the kind
of answer I have generally gotten which, you know, is a non‑answer. And if you want to address the real question
which I think is important, but I am prepared to modify my view, then the real
question is this, our constitution says that the financing of public objectives
is to be the responsibility of the political executive and of Parliament, and
that is how the CBC is financed. It has
constitutive legislation and there is an annual budgetary process. I know it has many flaws in its impact on
public broadcasting, but so does every member of Parliament and that is the
output.
12202 So the issue for
us or for me, and I can't speak for my colleagues, and I would be very pleased
to hear your views on it is, you know, can we reasonably say to the Government
of Canada, you know, we think we know a whole lot better. So what we are going to do is go out and ask
every television subscriber, every cable or satellite subscriber to contribute
X amount of money to finance CBC.
12203 MR. LEWIS: Well, I think that is a very reasonable
question. I have heard a couple of other
people ‑‑ and the reason I volunteered to answer it was
because I have heard some others attempt an answer and stumble, and I think
that is partly because this was a bit of an ambush on your part, if you will
for give me, in that I think it perhaps might have been more appropriate if the
Commission wanted an answer to that question to have put it in the list of
questions it wanted answered.
12204 I don't suggest
that you are deliberately setting to ambush, but I am saying that that was the
result because people came here not prepared for that question and it is not an
easy question. But I thought about it a
little bit since I heard you ask it first last Friday and I am going to try and
answer it.
12205 I guess the first
thing I would draw your attention to is a recent vote of Parliament, of the
House of Commons, which called on the government to increase funding to the
CBC. So, you know, we have a minority
government, so there actually is a vote on record of Parliament saying that the
CBC should have more money.
12206 However, I think
far more important, the CBC's funding is not provided solely by act Parliament,
by parliamentary appropriation. As you
well know, the CBC's funding comes from a variety of sources, which include
advertising, which include subscription fees.
CBC is now receiving subscription fee revenue for some of its
channels. There is nothing in any act of
Parliament that I am aware of or in the Broadcasting Act, and please correct me
if I am wrong, that precludes a subscription fee for the CBC.
12207 You, in your
wisdom, allow CBC Television to sell advertising, you allow CBC to collect
subscription fees for some of its channels.
Let me ask you, why do you have difficulty, why is their difficulty in
your mind in allowing them to collect a subscription fee for one of its OTA
channels and why would the it be permissible, for instance, for a private
broadcaster to have a subscription fee as opposed to the CBC? I mean, I am just not sure why you single out
the CBC in this since it is not solely financed through parliamentary
appropriation.
12208 COMMISSIONER
FRENCH: No, that is right. So I don't think that the fact that they have
specialty channels like everyone else and they get financed in a different way
is really a particularly strong argument, if I may say so respectfully.
12209 So your view would
be to say to me that given that advertising is a second source of financing and
given that if we were to make a decision of principle that fee for carriage
would apply to the range or the category of all conventional broadcasters it
then might be perfectly reasonable that we would include the CBC and Radio‑Canada
as conventional broadcasters in that group?
12210 MR. LEWIS: Well, I think that is a reasonable
approach. But, at the same time, you
know, I don't see any reason why you couldn't, for instance, decide that the
CBC needs the money more than the others.
You know, you make judgments ‑‑ again, correct me if I
am wrong ‑‑ but you make judgments that TSN needs a certain
amount of money for a subscription fee, you make decisions that Newsworld needs
a different amount, that somebody else needs a smaller amount. You know, you don't have one subscription fee
fits all. You look at the circumstances
in which they are being applied.
12211 The CBC is a very
substantial provider, because the Commission has expressed concern about
providing Canadian programming. The CBC,
of course, is a major provider and, in primetime, the only network that is
really willing to provide wall to wall Canadian content and the only vehicles,
particularly in English‑Canada, where it is possible because the
economics of the private broadcasters don't allow that. So I think there is some public purpose behind
assisting the CBC through this other means of financing.
12212 You know, the
CBC's financing is not just ‑‑ I mean, the CBC gets money from
the satellite radio licenses that you granted its partnership and, you know,
there are all sorts of little pockets of ways that the CBC gets funding. The CBC has some commercial enterprises.
12213 So all I am saying
is it is a much broader question than parliamentary appropriation and shouldn't
be looked at as well because the Government of Canada gave them X dollars that
is all they should have. You have it in
your hands to provide them with more, why not?
12214 COMMISSIONER
FRENCH: Yes, I guess what I would say to
you about commercial revenue is that is what it is. It is commercial revenue, it is earned in a market. What you are asking us to do is apply
something that looks a bit like a tax.
And what you have basically said is you already do it, you are already
playing God, you might as well play God for everybody, which is I think a, you
know, legitimate position.
12215 But I don't think,
to be frank, the fact that they make money in commercial markets is in anyway a
rationale that would permit us to say to Parliament, by the way we have decided
to add a second tax for the CBC. I mean,
that I don't see I must say.
12216 MR. LEWIS: Well, I don't understand, sir, why you phrase
it as you are saying to Parliament. I am
not quite sure why that conversation would take place. You have a domain of responsibility, I don't
know ‑‑
12217 COMMISSIONER
FRENCH: Well, I will tell you why it
should take place, because the members of Parliament are democratically
accountable and have to come up for election.
We are appointed on a periodic basis to do essentially technical tasks
associated with the regulation of the communications system of the
country. Those are very different
functions. We are not politically
accountable. And therefore I, for one,
still think ‑‑ and I appreciate the thoughtful discussion we
are having because it is helping me to understand and it is bringing me a
better idea of where you are coming from ‑‑ but I still think
there is a fundamental philosophical issue there.
12218 Do we second‑guess
the duly elected parliamentarians of the Government of Canada and its political
executive, all the process of a democratic process, all the product of a
democratic process about the level of funding the CBC should attain? I think it is a real issue. I repeat, I appreciate the thoughtful way
that you are approaching it and the issues you are raising.
12219 MR. LEWIS: Well, I guess I just want to challenge, if I
may, the use of the term second‑guess.
You know, nowhere did the Parliament of Canada express itself on a
maximum amount of money that the CBC should have and you are somehow
superseding that. They just said: here
is how much we're giving them, they have not expressed, to my knowledge, any
objection to the CBC going out and getting money in other ways. I don't think there is any expression by our
democratically elected representatives to the effect that the CBC should not
have a subscription fee or should not be able to partake of whatever
opportunities are available to it, to acquire funds with which to do its work.
12220 COMMISSIONER
FRENCH: Yes. And with the greatest respect, you're
persistently confusing the CBC's behaviour in certain marketplaces where they
sell goods and raise money, such as advertising time or DVDs or other
commercialized products.
12221 And the use of the
power of the State in this case vested in us under the Broadcasting Act and so
to add another obligatory contribution on the part of all television viewers or
all television viewers who are subscribing to cable on satellite to the CBC's
financing and, you know, I appreciate your point of view, but it's not quite as
clear in my mind as it is in your mind.
12222 As for ambush, I
don't think that it's reasonable to ask the CRTC to exercise its power in a
certain way and then feel that somehow it's legitimate to be asked what other
should be rationalized, you know, and then the particular group to which you
refer went out of their way to tell us that this was an industry process which
was not accessible to the public apparently, which should, in fact, create a
public process as opposed to a public debate, as opposed to the one we're
trying to have here and washed its hands of the precise and specific
recommendations that we require, you know, to actually write a report.
12223 They gave us a
series of counsels of perfection and then said fundamentally, we haven't
thought too much about that, that's someone else's problem.
12224 Well, they got a
response, you know, as a function of the usefulness of their approach to us and
you've been much more helpful because you have been willing to enter into
details and enter in the script of it and the detail and not sort of washed
away and said that's someone else's problem.
12225 MR. LEWIS: And all I'm saying is and, please forgive me
if I used too strong a word, but in terms of ambush, but all I'm saying is it's
a difficult question because I'm sure you appreciate and, you know, others who
have been asked really haven't had an opportunity to reply to it and I sat here
on Friday and thought, that question really hasn't been properly answered and
it should be and so, I gave it some thought.
12226 COMMISSIONER
FRENCH: And I appreciate the spirit and
the contribution you made I think was valuable.
12227 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Thank you,
Mr. Lewis. We will move to the next
intervener. Thank you very much.
12228 MR. LEWIS: Thank you.
12229 THE SECRETARY: We now call on the Canadian Media Research
Consortium to come forward.
‑‑‑ Pause
12230 THE
SECRETARY: Mr. Sauvageau, if you could
introduce your panel and then you will have ten minutes for your presentation.
*PRÉSENTATION / PRESENTATION
12231 M. SAUVAGEAU: Merci, madame. Monsieur le président, mesdames, messieurs,
mon collègue Fred Fletcher, le président du Consortium, va d'abord vous dire
qui nous sommes et ce que nous faisons dans la vie.
12232 MR. FLETCHER: Thank you.
Mr. Chairman and Commissioners, we are very grateful to be invited
here to make our modest proposal.
12233 I will introduce
myself briefly. I'm a professor at York
University as well as the Chairman of the Canadian Media Research
Consortium. My colleagues actually need
no introduction in this place, but in the interest of protocol, I will
introduce them anyway.
12234 To my far left is
Pierre Juneau who is the Chair of our Advisory Counsel and represents here
other distinguished group to whom I'll refer in a moment and Florian Sauvageau
is a professor at Laval University and vice‑chair of the Consortium.
12235 The fourth member
of our Board, Donna Logan, the founding director of the School of Journalism at
the University of British Columbia, cannot be here today.
12236 As I've said, Mr.
Juneau represents our distinguished Advisory Counsel, I'll name only a few who
help us establish our research priorities.
Renaud Gilbert, the ombudsman of the CBC French service, Peter Grant,
the Media lawyer, Tim McQueen who's C.V. is so long I'm not sure which parts of
it to mention. Kurt Lapointe, a
distinguished Canadian journalist is now managing editor of the Vancouver Sun,
Linda Hughes, the publisher of the Edmonton Journal and a number of other distinguished
people.
12237 Before we put forward
our proposal, I would like to say a little bit about the Consortium. The Consortium is a partnership of three
journalism and media institutions, Le Centre d'études sur les médias at Laval,
the joint graduate program in communication and culture at York and Ryerson
Universities and the School of journalism at the University of British
Columbia.
12238 We are governed by
a board of directors representing these institutions and the Advisory Counsel
which is made up of members of the Media and Academic Communities and Civil
Society as well.
12239 Since its
foundation in 2000 the Consortium has conducted many independent research
projects and I'll list only a very few topics to give you an idea of what we
have been doing over the last five and a half years.
12240 We have a major
project on internet use in Canada and its implications for traditional
media. We have a project on public
attitude towards the news media which resulted in our report on the Canadian
News Media.
12241 We have done an
important study on youth and the media, we have done considerable work on
conversions and the economic implications thereof and on media governments and
regulatory issues, which is just a few examples.
12242 The Consortium
draws on the partner institutions, but also on many other universities and
research centres for the scholars and experts to conduct our research.
12243 I made a quick
count and I believe we've had researchers from at least a dozen other
institutions, in addition to the partner institutions.
12244 You will all be
aware that the Consortium came into existence in 2000 as a result of the
Commission's Benefits Policy when B.C.E. acquired CTV and Bell Globe Media came
into being.
12245 As it has evolved,
the Consortium has become, we think, the only bilingual national organization
conducting academically rigorous applied media research in Canada and this is a
research that is independent of specific media interests and is in the public
domain which tries to respond to current important issues that affect the media
industries and we think that would be desirable to build on the precedent that
has been established by this public benefit with the approval of the
Commission.
12246 Mr. Sauvageau will
present our proposal.
12247 M. SAUVAGEAU: Alors, notre intervention se situe dans le
cadre précis des avantages tangibles et de la recherche. Dans ce contexte des avantages tangibles, ce
que je vais faire, je vais reprendre quelques‑uns des éléments de la
lettre que nous avons soumise au Conseil le 22 septembre.
12248 Insister, dans un
premier temps, sur l'importance de la recherche pour assurer la qualité du
système de radiodiffusion et, de façon plus générale, la qualité des médias et
sur la nécessité, compte tenu de son importance, de garantir le financement et
l'indépendance de la recherche.
12249 Alors, dans un
premier temps, les besoins de recherche, la demande pour la recherche aussi, la
recherche n'intéresse surtout pas que les seuls universitaires, mais la
recherche est aussi importante, je pense, et d'autres le pensent aussi, pour
ceux qui élaborent les politiques, ceux qui élaborent les politiques de
radiodiffusion. Et la recherche est
aussi importante pour les entreprises.
12250 Tous les groupes
qui, depuis 20 ans, se sont penchés à un moment ou à un autre à la demande du
gouvernement ou le Comité parlementaire ou le Comité sénatorial, qui se sont
intéressés à l'évaluation du système de radiodiffusion, à l'évaluation des
politiques de radiodiffusion et à l'évaluation des résultats par rapport aux
objectifs qui ont été fixés, tous les groupes depuis le Comité de révision des
mandats de monsieur Juneau, que présidait monsieur Juneau en 1996, dix ans
auparavant, le groupe de travail sur la radiodiffusion qui, faute de recherche
adéquate a dû commander une trentaine de rapports de recherche jusqu'au Comité
du Sénat que nous citons dans la lettre que nous vous avons transmise, en
passant par le Rapport Lincoln, tous ces groupes‑là ont reconnu l'absence
et, en même temps, l'importance de la recherche.
12251 Je voudrais
simplement citer le Rapport Lincoln qui est très explicite à ce sujet, une
phrase simplement du Rapport Lincoln :
*Un problème de la radiodiffusion
canadienne est l'absence d'outils appropriés pour déterminer si les besoins
objectifs que nous nous sommes donnés sont atteints.+
12252 L'importance donc
est claire du côté de ceux qui ont à faire l'évaluation des politiques. L'importance de la recherche aussi, on nous
l'a manifesté l'été dernier dans le cadre d'une recherche que nous avons faite
sur les priorités de recherche au Canada.
Quelles sont les déficiences, quelles sont les lacunes et qu'est‑ce
qu'on devrait faire, surtout en terme de recherche appliquée parce que ce dont
nous parlons, c'est de la recherche appliquée, non pas de la recherche théorique.
12253 Il a un bout de
chemin à faire d'ailleurs de la part des universitaires pour délaisser la
recherche... enfin, délaisser... pour, sans la négliger, considérer que la
recherche appliquée est aussi importante que la recherche théorique.
12254 Alors, qu'est‑ce
qu'on nous a dit dans le cadre de la trentaine d'interviews que nous avons
faits auprès de représentants des médias; Tony Burman de Radio‑Canada,
Robert Richard du Toronto Star, Pierre Roy d'Astral; de chercheurs aussi en
opinions publiques comme Michael Adams, Dan Veronecks ou de gens du monde de la
publicité comme Pierre Delagrave.
12255 Ce qu'on nous a
dit, c'est qu'il y avait des lacunes importantes au plan de l'usage des
nouveaux médias, au plan de la propriété, de la diversité des médias et qu'il y
avait aussi des lacunes structurelles, l'absence de données canadiennes.
12256 Je pourrais citer
plusieurs des gens que nous avons rencontrés qui déplorent le fait qu'on ait à
s'appuyer sur la recherche américaine alors que les problèmes sont complètement
différents.
12257 C'est toute notre
histoire de la radiodiffusion de dire que nous voulons nous distinguer des
Américains, c'est un peu étonnant qu'on ait à s'appuyer et à utiliser la
recherche américaine qui est très intéressante, mais qui est faite dans un
contexte, dans un cadre différent, avec des problèmes différents, donc avec des
solutions différentes de celles que nous devrions souvent adopter au Canada,
absence de données canadiennes, absence d'étude à long terme.
12258 Alors, Fred a
souligné un certain nombre des choses qu'on a faites, mais le Consortium va se
terminer à la fin de 2007, donc les données à long terme, si on veut retracer à
partir des dernières années jusqu'à beaucoup plus tard dans le temps, bien si
la recherche se termine, il y a comme un problème.
L'absence d'analyses comparatives
avec l'étranger, et caetera.
12259 Alors, cela
constaté, dans un premier temps, importance de la recherche, nécessité de la
recherche, nécessité donc, pensons‑nous, d'en garantir le financement et
le cadre des avantages tangibles nous apparaît le lieu le plus pertinent pour
garantir le financement de la recherche.
12260 Le Conseil a déjà
dit dans la décision CanWest Wick, qu'il considérait que la recherche était
importante. Par contre, nous avons
analysé les six dernières transactions les plus importantes depuis l'année 2000
pour constater que des 390 millions que constitue l'ensemble pour ces
transactions, des avantages directs et indirects, 6,5 millions ont été
consacrés à la recherche, dont la plus grande part dans le cadre de la
transaction BCE‑CTV, ce qui fait 1,7 pour cent des avantages consacrés à
la recherche.
12261 Alors, ce que nous
vous suggérons, et c'est là‑dessus que je termine, c'est qu'un
pourcentage précis, nous proposons cinq pour cent, soit consacré des avantages
tangibles soient consacrés à la recherche, qui nous apparaît suffisamment
importante pour que le Conseil prenne la décision de l'institutionnaliser.
12262 Monsieur Juneau,
vous avez sûrement des choses à rajouter.
12263 MR. JUNEAU: I think I will give a break to the
translators who translate from French.
12264 There is just one
thought that my colleagues thought I might talk to you about quite briefly, the
fact that because of the activities of the CRTC and the willingness of the
licensees to cooperate, an important effort has been started in the field of
research in the media, including the broadcasting media and the cable media,
etc.
12265 It is not a
negligible thing that happened as a result of the decision of the CRTC and the
cooperation of some of the licensees.
However, as Florian has just pointed out, it is a project that in our
case ‑‑ and I don't think that there are many other benefits
in the field of research that have occurred ‑‑ it would end in
a couple of years. It would seem to me
that the CRTC over the years has given an impetus that had a great deal of
importance on the whole development of broadcasting in this country.
12266 To just give the
instance of CTV, those who know the history of CTV would remember that the CRTC
was very active in insisting on the rapid development on what used to be called
second service in television broadcasting in this country and the CRTC was very
active and, of course, a lot of people in the CTV network, members cooperated
in that development also. A number of
examples has been given as to what the Consortium has been doing in the last
five years or so, it seems to me that apart from the individual projects that
have been carried and other projects that will be carried out in the next
couple of years, if it were possible to ensure that there will, after this
first experience has happened, if at some point we were sure that there will be
a permanent media research organization in the country.
12267 I don't know how
the CRTC could do that, but if somehow or other it were possible to ensure that
this will not be a seven‑year adventure but will result in the
establishment of a permanent media research organization in Canada.
12268 Thank you very
much.
12269 LE PRÉSIDENT :
Monsieur Sauvageau n'est pas sans savoir la fragilité du financement de la
recherche. Le Centre d'étude sur les
médias est porté par lui, et, d'année en année, il réussit à aller chercher des
sources de financement significatives dans toutes les directions, dans tous les
azimuts C'est une vocation. Je connais bien monsieur Sauvageau.
12270 Je sais que c'est
une vocation, uniquement le financement du centre, et je comprends très bien ce
que vous me dites, Monsieur Juneau, puis Monsieur Sauvageau et Monsieur
Fletcher. On peut essayer de faire
quelque chose, mais de créer... premièrement, la pérennité d'un organisme, ce
n'est peut‑être pas le mandat du Conseil si on peut réussir à faire
avancer un peu le projet que vous avez mis en marche déjà depuis cinq ans.
12271 Je pense que je
vais laisser madame Duncan poser les premières questions, puis après ça, on
reviendra avec des questions subsidiaires.
12272 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Thank you.
12273 You have already
answered my first question and that was what kind of a percentage are you
looking for and you indicated 5 per cent.
12274 I am just
wondering, and I think Mr. Juneau touched on it, and that is how the funds
would be managed and allocated. So I
gather that you are thinking that your Consortium is sort of a transition to a
permanent body being put in place. So I
was wondering if you would see an independent committee being set up in that
body to evaluate the proposals? Would the
Commission be involved in it? What type
of criteria would be used to assess proposals?
12275 MR. FLETCHER: Well, that is one option is the expansion and
reformulation of the Consortium. We are
actually not here simply to argue on behalf of the Consortium, but to argue in
favour of the support for independent academically sound applied research. But at the moment, we consult experts in the
field when we commission a project and try to find the best people. We draw on that advice from a wide variety of
sources. That is one model and that
could be institutionalized further.
12276 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Actually, what I was thinking of
is how do you decide which projects to take on?
12277 MR. FLETCHER: Well, that is slightly a different question,
sorry.
12278 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Sorry, I didn't make it
clear. I am sorry, that is what I meant.
12279 MR. FLETCHER: We have gone about this in three different
ways. We have our advisory board, which
is a very experienced board with a very good knowledge of the important issues before
the media community in this country. We
have also had seminars and conferences, quite a number of them, where we ask
people to come and listen to us, report on our research and advise us on future
possibilities. And then in this past
summer we engaged in a self‑evaluation project where we commissioned
Philip Savage of McMaster University to interview 34 people who are very well
informed to advise us on what our research priorities should be and that helps
us then decide what topics to research.
12280 MR.
SAUVAGEAU: If I may, I would like to
emphasize the fact, as Fred has just said, that this is not really the work of
just three institutions. What we are
trying to do each time we have a project which seems interesting to our
advisory committee and to us we try to find the best people to realize the
research.
12281 For instance we
had, in my opinion, very interesting research on the youth in the media. We published two books, one in French and one
in English. There is an institute in
Quebec within l'Université du Québec and National Institute for Scientific
Research where they call that l'Observatoire des Jeunes, so they deal only with
youth problems. So we found there
someone who already did research on the media in young people and we gave them
the mandate to do this research for us and we did that frequently.
12282 For instance, now
we have a new project that Fred will supervise for the Consortium on fairness
in the media. This project will be done
by people at Carleton University. I think
it is important, as Fred said, to say that we are not here to make the
promotion of the Consortium itself, but the promotion of research and the
importance of research for a quality broadcasting system. The Commission, at first, wants Canadian
quality programming. For us, research
goes along and together with quality programming due to the necessity of the
evaluation.
12283 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: I think I did come away with
that from your brief, that you were really concerned as well with protecting
research integrity and so you wanted to have this independence and this
assurance of definite funding.
12284 That leads me then
to my next point, because we are not always assured there are going to be
ownership transactions that would result in a percentage to fund your
organization or the research, how would you see funding research in those
periods of time or maybe you think it is unlikely?
12285 MR. FLETCHER: Yes, I mean, that is obviously a serious
question for us. I should say that it
may not have been evident from our presentation, but we actually enter into
partnership with other organizations.
For example, the Canadian Internet Project is about 40 per cent financed
by us, it is also financed by private industry and by Canadian Heritage and
provincial government subventions as well.
There are two or three projects like that where we have entered into
partnerships.
12286 We have noted in
our brief the historic difficulty of getting the kinds of foundation support
that our American counterparts have. But
we have given some thought to some additional fundraising strategies as well,
but that is for the next phase of our work.
12287 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: I gather that also ties into
your concern about the appearance of integrity too, if you didn't have to rely
on these funds you would rather not have to, that is the funds that you get by
entering into these other partnerships?
12288 MR. FLETCHER: Yes,
in most cases, I think that would be the case.
The Canadian Internet Project's, you know, just an example because we
think that the balance between us, government and some private sector money
actually does preserve our independence.
But obviously, an endowment the way the World Internet Project, which I
remember has an endowment, the Pew Centre for the People & the Press has an
endowment, the Knight Foundation supports the project for excellence in
journalism in the United States and that would be obviously the best model to
project the independence of the research.
12289 MR.
SAUVAGEAU: If I can give the example,
Monsieur Arpin referred in his comments le Centre d'etudes sur le media which
has been in existence for 15 years. This
is a very difficult task, to keep something like that in existence for such a
long period. Le Centre was started
because the Government of Quebec recognized the importance of research.
12290 So at the very
beginning we got money from the Government of Quebec, which was slowly
decreasing because we wanted, at the very beginning, to have together
government funding, private enterprise funding in order also to develop a
culture of research within the media industry.
This culture of research in Canada in the media industry really doesn't
exist. And the same, the culture of
applied research doesn't exist within the university.
12291 So our goal 15
years ago ‑‑ and I can say that this is the same goal with the
consortium ‑‑ is to try to put those people together. The university professors working with us,
they don't get any money, they are not paid.
They get money to pay for research assistance or if some polling is
needed, money to pay the polling company, but for themselves they do that
because they like to do that.
12292 MR. JUNEAU: But they have a salary.
12293 MR.
SAUVAGEAU: Oh yes, they have a salary,
of course, and this is our job to do research.
But what I am meaning is that the professors are not paid over their
salary for this type of research when they work with us.
12294 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: I guess when I read the brief I
felt that the Canadian Media Research Consortium was going to be the body that
would receive these funds, assuming that it was approved, and that you would go
forward from there, just build on what you have already done. Am I right in that?
12295 MR.
SAUVAGEAU: No, I am sorry to say you are
not right.
12296 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: No, but it is better that I know
what I am talking about.
12297 MR.
SAUVAGEAU: It is clearer in the
notes. You will get the notes which we
use for today's presentation, where it is clear that this percentage being 5 or
I don't know, this is up to your wisdom as I heard previously this
afternoon. But this percentage could go
partly to the Consortium, but partly to other institutions too. There are other universities doing very good
research which should receive some money.
But we are certainly ready, I think I can say that, to increase, to make
the Consortium much more representative of a larger number of
universities. This is something we
already discussed among us.
12298 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: It did strike me actually when I
first read it too there were only three universities mentioned but, as you say,
you do involve other parties as you go along.
12299 But it does lead
then to the question, I guess, or back to that question: If the funds were set aside, then who would
be deciding which entities would get how much money? It would almost seem to me that we would have
a body that would decide that, not the Commission itself. The money would go to those people who would
be best to decide which research centres would get then the money. So then we would have to decide what criteria
that group would use to decide which university or which research centre got
the funds.
12300 MR.
SAUVAGEAU: This is a good question but
your question is in relation with not just the consortium?
12301 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: No, it is ‑‑
12302 MR. SAUVAGEAU: It is who would get the money among all the
institutions?
12303 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Yes.
12304 MR.
SAUVAGEAU: Well, it could be something
like the Commission could ask the research community to organize itself. There could be in five years from now two
consortium or three consortium, like the music industry. There is a percentage going to the music
industry in the radio rules and it goes to different groups, three of four
groups, I think. So we could imagine the
same for research.
12305 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Okay, so we will just take that
under advisement.
12306 MR.
SAUVAGEAU: We don't want all the money.
12307 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Okay, that is clear then. You are the only one here today to say that.
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
12308 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Okay, we will make a note of
that one. Thank you.
12309 I would pick up on
another question that came from your submission because you mentioned that the
Senate Committee in its report in June of 2006 pointed out that the research
consortium was going to run out of funds but can I assume that you have gotten
some funds that are going to carry you through until a decision comes from
this?
12310 MR. FLETCHER: Well, the original public benefit package we
have been accepting ‑‑ rather than receiving an endowment, we
have been receiving a certain amount a year and we have another two years to go
on that funding.
12311 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: All right. So we should have a decision before then.
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
12312 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Okay. Because the tangible benefit commitments
sometimes associated with some of these ownership transactions is quite
sizeable, and you heard me ask the earlier group this no doubt, but I am just
wondering, do you think that there should be an upper limit on the amount?
12313 If it is a really
large transaction, of course, 5 percent would be a lot of money and do you
think that it would be reasonable to set a maximum limit and what do you think
would be a reasonable amount?
12314 MR.
SAUVAGEAU: Yes, but it is possible that
another transaction the amount is very small, so there would be at the end a
balance between important transactions and smaller transactions. We put 5 percent but it could be 4, I don't
know, or 6.
12315 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Sure.
12316 MR.
SAUVAGEAU: But certainly the result of
the last transactions, 1.7 percent, doesn't allow to make a lot of
research. As we point out in those
notes, the internet project, for instance, cost $300,000 to realize. So we have $500,000. Hopefully, we found other funders but if we
had to fund this project alone ‑‑
12317 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Yes.
12318 MR. SAUVAGEAU:
‑‑ $300,000, there is not much money left for other projects.
12319 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: I appreciate that.
12320 Would it be
reasonable for you to think that the funds then, whichever bodies get the fund,
that they would report and file annual audited financial statements with the
Commission and progress reports on what they are doing with the research
funds? I mean that seems like a reasonable
request, would you agree?
12321 MR. FLETCHER: Actually, as we operate now, we provide an
annual report to ‑‑
12322 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: To the Commission or ‑‑
12323 MR. FLETCHER: No.
12324 MR.
SAUVAGEAU: To CTV.
12325 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Oh, to the people who have
funded you?
12326 MR. FLETCHER: Yes.
12327 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Okay.
12328 MR. FLETCHER: And we also have the University of British
Columbia's research accounting office manage the funds so that everything is
auditable.
12329 COMMISSIONER
DUNCAN: Oh yes, okay. Great.
All right, thank you very much.
That concludes my questions.
Thank you.
12330 LE PRÉSIDENT :
Monsieur Juneau, Monsieur Sauvageau, vous êtes venu nous voir dans un dossier
où les éléments de politique publique sont majeurs, et vous êtes deux personnes
qui avez réfléchi beaucoup et agi énormément au cours de vos carrières
respectives en matière de politique publique.
12331 Avez‑vous
des suggestions à nous faire sur les principaux thèmes de l'audience? Notamment, le financement...
‑‑‑ Rires /
Laughter
12332 LE PRÉSIDENT :
...le financement de la télévision hertzienne semble un sujet où il y a un
consensus chez les télédiffuseurs. Il y
a aussi un consensus chez les distributeurs pour que ça soit non, mais un
consensus négatif. Mais les
télédiffuseurs, qu'ils soient privés ou publics ou éducatifs, sont tous en
accord que le Conseil donne une sérieuse considération à l'introduction d'une
redevance d'abonnement au soutien des entreprises généralistes pour leur
permettre de continuer à exercer le mandat qu'ils ont exercé jusqu'à ce jour.
12333 M. SAUVAGEAU :
Avant que monsieur Juneau réponde, si je peux me permettre...
‑‑‑ Rires /
Laughter
12334 M. SAUVAGEAU :
...un commentaire.
12335 M. JUNEAU : Je
n'ai pas dit que je répondrais.
‑‑‑ Rires /
Laughter
12336 M. SAUVAGEAU : Si
je peux faire référence au débat auquel on a assisté entre monsieur French et
le représentant de Public Airwaves juste avant, vous nous tendez un piège,
Monsieur Arpin, parce qu'on n'est pas venu ici pour parler de ça, si je peux me
permettre une blague.
‑‑‑ Rires /
Laughter
12337 M. SAUVAGEAU :
Mais je veux bien qu'on en parle, si vous voulez.
12338 LE PRÉSIDENT :
Mais je ne veux pas que vous perceviez ça comme un piège.
12339 M. SAUVAGEAU : Pas
du tout, c'est une blague.
12340 LE PRÉSIDENT :
Mais je veux quand même bénéficier de vos expertises personnelles à tous deux
dans la formulation de politique publique.
Vous avez tous les deux oeuvré dans la formulation de politique
publique. Je ne pose pas ma question à
monsieur Fletcher, il a fait de l'enseignement, puis il continue à en faire.
12341 Mais vous,
Monsieur Sauvageau, vous avez, avec votre collègue monsieur Caplan, réfléchi
sur cette question‑là, et vous, Monsieur Juneau, évidemment, votre carrière
est une carrière de réflexion sur ces grandes questions de politique
publique. C'est pour ça que je
m'aventure.
12342 Maintenant, vous
avez le droit de dire, écoutez, on n'est pas venu pour ça.
12343 M. SAUVAGEAU :
Non, non, on ne va pas dire ça.
12344 M. JUNEAU : On a
eu trop d'autres choses à discuter, on n'a même pas eu le temps de parler de
ces choses‑là entre nous, de cette question tout à fait très importante
et tout à fait à l'ordre du jour.
12345 Il y a des
problèmes de base, et peut‑être que vous vous en inquiétez autant que
nous, sinon plus, pour certains d'autres nous, et sûrement pour moi, mais j'ai
dit ça souvent publiquement, donc, ça ne me fait rien de le répéter.
12346 Le problème de
base, c'est le mode de financement de Radio‑Canada comme service public
est quelque chose de pervers. Quand la
télévision et la radio coûtaient moins chers, peut‑être on pouvait s'en
tirer, mais maintenant, le mode de financement, je crois, cause une
détérioration dans le service public qu'un organisme comme Radio‑Canada
est censé devoir offrir.
12347 On dit beaucoup de
bien du service de la BBC, mais quand on regarde le mode de financement de la
BBC, comparé au mode et l'importance du financement de la BBC, comparé à celui
de Radio‑Canada, ça se compare à peine.
12348 Il y a eu une
étude, il y a quelques années, que vous devez avoir, commanditée par la
BBC ‑‑ mais faite par l'entreprise McKenzie de New York, mais
qui est, en fait, une entreprise internationale ‑‑ sur une
bonne douzaine de services publics dans le monde, et dans l'étude, on comparait
la qualité de la programmation.
12349 Mais ils
utilisaient, en particulier, le caractère distinctif de la programmation de ces
diverses télévisions avec le mode de financement, et plus la publicité et plus
les revenus commerciaux de publicité étaient importants dans le financement de
chaque entreprise, moins la programmation était distinctive. De tous les organismes qu'ils avaient
étudiés, celui qui dépendait le moins de la publicité, c'était la BBC, et ils
concluaient aussi, après avoir étudié la programmation, que c'était la
programmation de ces 12 organisations la plus distinctive.
12350 Donc, il y a ce
problème‑là. Comment résoudre
ça? On le sait, c'est un immense
problème.
12351 Au moment,
cependant, où vous vous êtes donnés comme mission de réétudier toute la
politique de radiodiffusion, et de câble aussi, je suppose, bien, ça vaut peut‑être
la peine d'y penser.
12352 Le gouvernement
aussi dit qu'ils veulent revoir... le gouvernement actuel, dont on ne sait pas,
évidemment, combien de temps il va durer.
Le gouvernement aussi dit qu'il veut revoir toute la politique des
médias. Il faudrait s'adresser à ce
problème‑là.
12353 Bon, nous, dans le
comité que j'ai présidé il y a quelques années, on en a parlé beaucoup. On a proposé une solution qui a été mise de
côté, probablement avec raison, parce que c'était probablement une mauvaise
solution. Puis comme on s'était dit
entre nous... avant de risquer de proposer cette solution, on avait dit, peut‑être
qu'on devrait tout simplement dire le ministre des Finances a des personnes
compétentes en matière de finances, bien, ils en trouveront une solution.
12354 C'est intéressant
de noter... Vous avez dû noter, il n'y a pas très longtemps, deux ou trois
mois, un article d'un ancien haut fonctionnaire qui a été chef de cabinet de
deux premiers ministres et qui a été aussi membre du conseil d'administration
de Radio‑Canada durant le temps où j'étais président, à savoir Bill
Neville, qui a fait un document pour un organisme indépendant, un document
assez important, et il a publié un résumé dans le Globe and Mail, où il dit, il
faudrait arriver à une solution pour que Radio‑Canada ne soit pas
financée d'une façon si importante par la publicité. C'est ça.
12355 D'autre part, les
radiodiffuseurs privés se plaignent de l'importance des sommes que Radio‑Canada
soutire du marché de la publicité, obtient du marché de la publicité, et qui
les met en concurrence avec. C'est aussi
un problème important, et il y a plusieurs radiodiffuseurs, en particulier,
monsieur Péladeau dit, bien, ça devrait cesser, ça n'a pas de sens que Radio‑Canada
prenne tant d'argent dans le marché. Je
crois qu'il a dit quelque part qu'il serait plutôt d'accord avec ça, lui, que
Radio‑Canada soit financé autrement que par la publicité.
12356 Alors, je ne veux
pas rentrer dans la discussion qui a eu lieu avec monsieur French, mais c'est
sûr que c'est un argument très puissant qu'il a fait valoir.
12357 Je me demandais,
cependant... mais c'est juste une réflexion qui me passait par la tête et je ne
suis pas sûr qu'elle a du sens. Mais je
me demandais si ça serait logique... pour continuer la discussion, est‑ce
que ça serait logique d'argumenter que Radio‑Canada dirait : nous, nous
fournissons un service gratuit à tout le monde par les systèmes traditionnels,
c'est‑à‑dire par les airs, par la diffusion, mais nous offrons un
service supplémentaire par le câble et par satellite, vous avez notre service
de toute façon, mais on donne un service supplémentaire, jusqu'à maintenant on
a donné ce service‑là gratuitement, on l'a donné gratuitement aux
compagnies de câble, mais dorénavant on n'est plus capable de fournir ce
service additionnel, et les compagnies de câble devront...
12358 Est‑ce que
ce n'est pas un peu semblable au financement de Newsworld et... le service
français...
12359 LE PRÉSIDENT :
RDI.
12360 M. JUNEAU: Et RDI où Radio‑Canada a dit, bon, on a
une très bonne idée, mais on ne peut pas la financer. Si vous voulez ce service‑là, les
compagnies de câble vous le donneront et vous devrez payer ce que les
compagnies de câble vous demandent.
12361 Does that make
sense or ‑‑
12362 CONSEILLER FRENCH: Bien, je pense dans le fond, pour ce qui est
des spécialisés, c'est ce qui arrive, monsieur Juneau, la problématique étant
que CBC‑Radio‑Canada étant déjà sur le satellite et sur le câble et
ça, depuis de très longues années dans le cas du câble, il s'agit de se poser
la question de quel droit le CRTC décide‑t‑il en 2006 de changer
ces règles du jeu‑là.
12363 Et la réponse de
monsieur Lewis, puis ce n'est pas un mauvais argument, c'est que vous jouez
au... vous jouez avec cet énorme échiquier qui est le paysage télévisuel
canadien comme vous voulez bien le faire et vous l'avez fait depuis de longues
années.
12364 Alors, pourquoi
arrêter maintenant, de changer les règles du jeu au fur et à mesure puisque, de
toute façon, vous jouez ‑‑ comme j'ai dit en anglais : we play
God with the system, you might as well play God with the CBC and Radio‑Canada
like anybody else.
12365 Alors, c'est un
problème assez intéressant et important et j'aimerais beaucoup le poursuivre
avec celui qui a été à la fois président de Radio‑Canada, président du
CRTC et Ministre des communications, mais ce n'est peut‑être pas l'heure
et le moment de le faire.
12366 M. JUNEAU: Non.
Mais d'ailleurs, moi, ce n'est pas une proposition non plus de ma
part. C'était juste...
12367 CONSEILLER
FRENCH: Je voudrais juste ajouter que
dans sa prémisse, monsieur le président a dit que vous étiez très impliqué dans
les politiques publiques, ce qui serait vrai, mais ça ne serait pas juste de
dire que monsieur Fletcher, le professeur Fletcher, n'a pas été...
12368 Il a été un
contributeur de longue date dans la science, dans les communications et dans
les débats de politiques publiques, alors lui aussi.
12369 Moi, j'ai été très
tenté de poser la question à tous les trois, mais vous voyez, avec ma retenue
habituelle, je ne l'ai pas fait. C'est
venu...
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
12370 CONSEILLER
FRENCH: C'est venu sur le tapis
néanmoins. Mais tout ça pour dire qu'on
a trois personnes très qualifiées pour s'adresser à cette question‑là et
je vous promets, monsieur le président, je ne la pose pas, mais ce serait le
fun de la poser un jour. Comme on a déjà
été avec eux sous d'autres cieux, on pourrait le faire à ce moment‑là.
12371 M. SAUVAGEAU: Si vous voulez, on peut revenir longuement à
un autre moment si vous voulez, mais puisque, monsieur Arpin, vous m'avez
interpellé, je voudrais seulement dire deux choses.
12372 D'une part, dans
le cas de Radio‑Canada, très brièvement, moi je pense qu'un des principes
de base et qui doit être maintenu de la radiotélévision publique, c'est son
caractère universel. Et il ne faudrait
pas que les citoyens, et j'utilise le mot *citoyen+ à dessein, soit contraint de payer
des sommes importantes pour avoir accès aux services de Radio‑Canada.
12373 Et deuxièmement,
de façon plus large, le CRTC, vous avez été très actifs depuis quelques
mois. Il y a eu des audiences sur la
radio au printemps, vous avez ces audiences sur la télévision, vous remettrez
un rapport, si j'ai bien compris, sur les nouvelles technologies dans quelques
jours.
12374 Si je peux revenir
à la recherche à partir de toute cette activité du CRTC puis de l'énorme
mutation en cours dans nos médias, ce que j'appelle le *grand chambardement+ qui va se prolonger encore pendant
un certain nombre d'années, je pense qu'il est devenu très difficile d'étudier
les choses isolément en silo, pour reprendre l'expression consacrée depuis
quelques années; c'est‑à‑dire la radio, la télévision, parce que
tout ça maintenant c'est ensemble.
12375 La presse écrite,
maintenant, est en concurrence avec la radio et la télévision sur
internet. Alors, il faut avoir une vue
d'ensemble de tout ça et en ce sens‑là, je pense que la recherche peut
jouer un rôle important pour aider à voir un peu plus clair, sans jouer au
devin dans l'avenir qui se dessine.
12376 LE PRÉSIDENT: Monsieur Juneau?
12377 M. JUNEAU: Bien, vous avez fait un commentaire, monsieur
le président, il y a quelques minutes.
Vous avez dit : oui, en vous adressant un peu à moins, je suppose, vous
parlez d'une... s'il n'y aurait pas moyen d'assurer la continuité d'un
organisme de recherche comme le Consortium, par une formule qu'il resterait à
trouver.
12378 Et vous avez dit,
par exemple, on n'est pas sûr qu'il va toujours y avoir de grandes transactions
comme celles qui ont permis, par exemple, le financement du Consortium.
12379 Vous avez
raison. Vous avez raison et d'une part,
en vous écoutant, je me disais : qui est‑ce qui aurait pensé quand j'ai
quitté le CRTC en 1975, après qu'il y avait eu tant de transactions importantes
dont le transfert de toutes les compagnies, les propriétés américaines entre
les mains de Canadiens, qui est‑ce qui aurait pensé qu'il y aurait... que
ça aurait continué si longtemps.
12380 On ne sait pas
qu'est‑ce que... mais ce n'est pas le commentaire principal que je
voulais faire.
12381 Je voulais juste
dire que si déjà on assurait la continuation d'un organisme comme le présent
Consortium qui aurait évolué ou qui serait le même, je ne sais pas, mais au
moins la continuation pendant une période équivalente à la première période, ce
serait déjà beaucoup.
12382 Entre‑temps,
on pourrait voir... bien, il se développerait... vous auriez peut‑être au
CRTC d'autres idées et nous aussi on pourrait avoir d'autres idées, mais ce
serait déjà beaucoup de faire une autre période de sept années.
12383 THE CHAIRPERSON: Mr. Fletcher, I may have said that you had
not been involved in public policy; I didn't want surely to offend you and I
think Mr. French described it very well.
12384 I only wanted to
note that these two gentlemen took the helm at some point in time in their life
to do ‑‑ well, Mr. Juneau to do a full career and Mr.
Sauvageau to chair a committee with Gérard Caplan, but if you want to add
something to this discussion, you're welcome.
12385 MR. FLETCHER: I will briefly. Thank you, Commissioner French as well. I certainly agree with you that my colleagues
are the experts and I am the least expert.
12386 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Not at all.
12387 MR. FLETCHER: On this matter.
‑‑‑ Laughter /
Rires
12388 MR. FLETCHER: And I am sympathetic to doctor French's
concerns about Parliament, but ‑‑ as I have two comments.
12389 One is that this
exchange has given us another research project to consider and second, that
the ‑‑ well, as we all know, the Commission is able to make
recommendations as well as to make rulings and there are a variety of
opportunities here to say something about the public broadcaster and
alternative funding arrangements.
12390 We are actually
doing some work on funding of independent producers in the context of the
Broadcasting System that we hadn't looked at paying ‑‑
distributors paying for distribution of off‑air signals, but that
certainly is quite seriously a project that is worth undertaking.
12391 THE
CHAIRPERSON: Thank you very much.
12392